Transcript Chapter 13 Part 1 - University of Nevada, Las Vegas

Chapter 11
Part 5
Temporal Bone
Paranasal Sinuses
Petrous Pyramids
• Dense portion on temporal bone
• Houses
– ___________
– ___________
The Ear
• 3 Portions
– External
– Middle
– Inner
External Ear
• ____________
• Tragus
• __________
Middle Ear
• 3 parts
– ________________
– Tympanic __________
– _____________
Tympanic Cavity
• Contains ________________
• Epitympanic recess (Attic)
– _______________
• Tympanic cavity proper
– Larger
– Inferior aspect
– _________________
• Passage from middle ear to _______________
• Equalizes pressure
Ossicle Articulations
• _____________
– Attached to tympanic membrane
– Receives vibrations and relates to
• ______________
– Transmits vibrations from Malleus and passes
on to
• ____________
– Smallest
– Transmits vibrations to oval window
Internal Ear
• Area of hearing and equilibrium
• Contains 2 parts
– __________________
– __________________
• Area within the osseous labyrinth
Osseous Labyrinth
• 3 parts
– _____________
• For hearing
• Round window
– _____________
• Oval window
– ____________________
• For equilibrium
Internal Acoustic Meatus
• Area of auditory and facial nerves
• _______________best to visualize
Mastoids
• Inferior portion of ___________
• Mastoid air cells
– Connects to middle ear from ________ by
way of the __________
• Due to this direct connection infection can
reach ________________
Sinuses
• ________________
– Lined with mucus membranes
• Surrounding the nasal cavity
• All _______________ with each other by
way of nasal cavity
Osteomeatal Complex
• Area where __________is collected
• Made of
– __________- Nasal Conchae (Turbinates)
– __________ – Spaces between conchae
• From the osteomeatal complex to the
nasal cavities
Sinuses Con’t
• Maxillary (2)
• Frontal (usually 2)
• Ethmoid (Many)
• Sphenoid (1 or 2)
Maxillary Sinus
“Antrum of Highmore”
• ________________
• Located in the body of maxillary bones
– Lateral to Nasal cavity
• Communicates to osteomeatal complex by
way of _______________into middle
nasal ____________ (Separated by
uncinate process of ethmoid)
Frontal Sinus
• Located between ______________table of
skull in frontal bone
– Posterior to glabella
• Can have 2 (most common) or 1 large
sinus
– _______________
• Communicate to osteomeatal complex by
Ethmoid sinus through ______________
Ethmoid Sinus
• Located within the ethmoid bone
_______________
• Many _____________
– Anterior, middle, posterior collections
• Communicates with the osteomeatal
complex directly by way of anterior
collections and drains into ____________
Sphenoid Sinus
• Located in the body of the sphenoid bone
– Inferior to __________
• Can have ____________
• Communicates to the osteomeatal
complex by way of the _______________
Imaging the sinuses
•
•
•
•
•
•
Routine
________________________
Waters (Parietoacanthial)
PA Caldwell
Right or Left Lateral
SMV
40” SID
70-80 kVp
Waters
• Tip of chin on IR Nose ½ to 1” off
• ________________ perpendicular
– OML forms 37°
• Mid sagittal line perpendicular
• CR to exit ___________________
• Open mouth can show
– _________________
PA Caldwell
• PA Projection, Upright
• __________________
– ______________and OML Perpendicular
• Mid sagittal plane perpendicular
• CR to exit ______________
Lateral
• Right or left site dependant of area of interest or
department protocol. Upright
• Place pt into anterior oblique
• _____________perpendicular to IR
• _______________to front of cassette
• CR to enter between ____________________
SMV
• Upright
• Tilt head back so ______________to IR
• Mid sagittal perpendicular
• CR to enter between _______________
CT Invasion
• Thin ________________
• Better visualization of ___________
complex