Transcript Musculoskeletal Kinesiology

Spine and Thorax
Kinesiology Flash Cards
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Directions
• The first slide asks a question.
• The second slide answers the question.
• Use these slides like flash cards to test
your core knowledge.
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Question
• Arrange these erector spinae muscles
from lateral to medial
• Iliocostalis
• Spinalis
• Longissimus
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Answer
• From lateral to medial, the erector spinae
muscles are
• Iliocostalis
• Longissimus
• Spinalis
Mnemonic Device: I Like Standing.
Remembering that spinalis is closest to the
spine is also helpful.
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Question
• What is the action of the erector spinae
muscles?
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Answer
• Extension of the spinal column.
– It also prevents flexion of the spine.
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Question
• What is the antagonist of the erector
spinae muscles?
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Action
• Rectus abdominis
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Question
•
Which abdominal muscle has an action
of contralateral rotation when unilaterally
contracting?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Internal abdominal oblique
External abdominal oblique
Transversus abdominis
Rectus abdominis
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Answer
a. Internal abdominal oblique
b. External abdominal oblique
c. Transversus abdominis
d. Rectus abdominis
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Question
•
Which abdominal muscle has an action
of ipsilateral rotation when unilaterally
contracting?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Internal abdominal oblique
External abdominal oblique
Transversus abdominis
Rectus abdominis
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Answer
a. Internal abdominal oblique
b. External abdominal oblique
c. Transversus abdominis
d. Rectus abdominis
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Question
The groove formed by the spinous and
transverse processes in the thoracic and
lumbar region of the spine is called
______.
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Answer
The lamina groove
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Question
The superior portion of the sternum, which
articulates with the clavicles and the first
and second ribs, is called the ______.
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Answer
Manubrium
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Question
The inferior portion of the sternum that
serves as an attachment site for the
abdominal aponeurosis is called ______.
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Answer
The xiphoid process
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Question
Which group of muscles runs from the
sacrum to the occiput along the posterior
aspect of the vertebral column?
a. Quads
b. Hamstrings
c. Abdominals
d. Erector spinae
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Answer
a. Quads
b. Hamstrings
c. Abdominals
d. Erector
spinae
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Question
Of the three muscles that make up the
erector spinae group, which lies closest to
the spine?
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Answer
Spinalis
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Question
Explain the general actions of the erector
spinae group.
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Answer
• Bilaterally:
– Extends the vertebral column
• Unilaterally
– Laterally flexes the vertebral column to the
same side
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Question
The transversospinalis group is composed
of which three muscles?
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Answer
• Multifidi
• Rotatores
• Semispinalis
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Question
Explain the general actions of the multifidi
and rotatores.
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Answer
1. Extend the vertebral column
2. Rotate the vertebral column to the
opposite side.
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Question
What is the action of the semispinalis?
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Answer
Extend the vertebral column and head.
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Question
The fibers of splenius capitis and splenius
cervicis do not run parallel to the spine like
the other back muscles. Which direction
do the fibers run?
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Answer
Obliquely
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Question
The splenius capitis is deep to the
rhomboids and trapezius, but is superficial
between which two muscles?
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Answer
Trapezius and sternocleidomastoid.
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Question
Define the actions of splenius capitis and
splenius cervicis.
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Answer
• Unilaterally
– Rotate the head to the same side
– Laterally flex the head and neck
• Bilaterally
– Extend the head and neck
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Question
These eight small muscles are the deepest
in the posterior neck. They help to stabilize
the axis and atlas and rock or tilt the head.
What are they?
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Answer
The suboccipitals
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Question
The individual names of the suboccipitals
are ______.
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Answer
•
•
•
•
Rectus capitis posterior major
Rectus capitis posterior minor
Oblique capitis superior
Oblique capitis inferior
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Question
Quadratus lumborum is the deepest muscle
of the:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Thigh
Abdomen
Low back
Forearm
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Answer
a. Thigh
b. Abdomen
c. Low back
d. Forearm
While it seems like the QL is the deepest muscle of the
low back, it is actually considered the deepest muscle
of the abdomen.
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Question
The actions of the quadratus lumborum are
______.
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Answer
• Unilaterally
– Elevates the hip
– Laterally flexes the vertebral column
– Assists in extension of the vertebral column
• Bilaterally
– Fixes the last rib during respiration
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Question
The origin of the quadratus lumborum is:
a. Posterior iliac crest, iliolumbar ligament
b. Last rib, transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae
1-4
c. Last rib, spinous processes of lumbar vertebrae 1-4
d. Posterior iliac crest and the last rib
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Answer
a. Posterior iliac crest, iliolumbar
ligament
b. Last rib, transverse processes of lumbar
vertebrae 1-4
c. Last rib, spinous processes of lumbar vertebrae
1-4
d. Posterior iliac crest and the last rib
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Question
The term abdominals refers to what four
muscles?
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Answer
•
•
•
•
Rectus abdominis
External oblique
Internal oblique
Transverse abdominis
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Question
Which of the four abdominal muscles have
fibers that run straight up and down?
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Answer
Rectus abdominis
The word rectus means straight in Latin.
Anytime a muscle has the name rectus, it
indicates that the muscle fibers run
vertically.
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Question
Which muscle is the primary muscle of
respiration?
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Answer
The diaphragm
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Question
What is the action of the diaphragm?
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Answer
• Draws down the central tendon of the
diaphragm
• Increases the volume of the thoracic cavity
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Question
• The small, slender muscles between the
ribs are named ______.
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Answer
The intercostals
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Question
The actions of the intercostals are ______.
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Answer
• External Intercostals
– Draw the ventral area of the ribs upward to
increase the space of the thoracic cavity
• Internal Intercostals
– Draw the ventral part of the ribs downward to
decrease the space of the thoracic cavity
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Question
Define the term ligamentum nuchae.
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Answer
The ligamentum nuchae is the connective
tissue that runs from the external occipital
protuberance to the spinous process of C7 in the neck. It stabilizes the head and
neck and serves as an attachment site for
muscles like the trapezius.
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Question
Define the term thoracolumbar aponeurosis.
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals
Answer
The thoracolumbar aponeurosis is a broad,
flat tendon that stretches across the thorax
and lumbar regions.
Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals