Transcript 计算机专业英语

计算机专业英语
第二次作业
一、Vocabulary(词汇)
（一）Translate the following words and expressions
into Chinese。(写出下列词组的汉语。）
1．database
1、数据库
2．flat-file database
2、平面文件数据库
3．relational database
3、关系型数据库
4．data structure
4、数据结构
5．built in
5、内嵌的，固有的
6．coding
6、写代码，编码
7．machine language
7、机器语言
8. property window
8、属性窗口
9. software crisis
9、软件危机
10.object model
10、对象模型
11.black box testing
12.white box testing
13.bug
11、黑盒测试
12、白盒测试
13、错误
14.software maintenance
15.Requirements Analysis
& Specification
14、软件维护
15、需求分析和说明
一、Vocabulary(词汇)
• ( 二 )Fill in the blanks with the corresponding
English abbreviations．(根据汉语写出相应的英语
缩写。)
•
1.结构化查询语言
1、SQL
•
2.关系型数据库管理系统
2、RDBMS
•
3.集成开发环境
3、IDE
•
4.多文档界面
4、MDL
•
5.单文档界面
5、SDI
•
6.面向对象分析
6、OOA
•
7.面向对象设计
•
8.面向对象程序
7、OOD
8、OOP
一、Vocabulary(词汇)
•(三)Translate the following words into English．(根据汉语
写出相应的英语 )
•1.客户机/服务器 client/server 2.二维的 two dimensional
•3.点击鼠标右键 right click
4.调试程序 debug the program
•5.高级语言 high-level language 6.标准版 standard edition
•7.代码窗口 code window
8.软件生命周期 software life cycle
•9.软件测试 software testing
10.数据流图 data-flow diagram
二、Tell whether the following statements are true
(T) or false (F)．(判断正误)
1. Client/server database system is no longer in use now． ( F )
2.F1at—file style of database is suitable for large amounts of
data． ( F )
3. SQL Server can allow many users to visit the database at the same
time． ( T )
4.Maintenance of programs
development． ( F )
is
not
as
important
as
the
5.High—level language is popular，because it is directly executable in
computer without compiling. ( F )
6.There are various languages for humans，whereas(然而)there is
only one programming language for computer． ( F )
7.The windows that are displayed when you start VB are known as the
Visual Basic Integrated Development Environment (IDE)． ( T )
8.software engineering covers not only the technical aspects of building
software systems，but also management issues． ( T )
9.OOD is the stage of creation and OOP is an implementation
stage． ( T )
10.White box testing requires the tester to have knowledge of the
internal structure． ( T )
三、Match the following words and expressions in the
left column with those similar in meaning in the right
column． (连线题)
1.d 2.f 3.a 4.g 5.c 6.e 7.b 8.j 9.h 10.i
(一)
1．DBMS
2．relational database
3．SQL (Structured Query Language)
4．compile the program
5．high-level language
6．MDI (Multi-Document Interface)
7．Maintenance
8．Object-oriented Design (OOD)
9．software testing
10．black box testing
a．结构化查询语言
b．维护
c．高级语言
d．数据库管理系统
e．多文档界面
f．关系数据库
g．编译程序
h．软件测试
i．黑盒测试
j．面向对象设计
(二)
1．machine language
a．调试
2．assembly language
b．功能测试
3．debugging
c．窗体
4．functional testing
d．汇编语言
5．white box testing
e．机器语言
6．form
f．白盒测试
7．project window
g．表记录
8．field
h．结构化程序设计
9．structured programming
i．工程窗口
10．table record
j．字段
1.e 2.d 3.a 4.b 5.f 6.c 7.i 8.j 9.h 10.g
四、Fill in the blanks with suitable words or expressions from the list
given below，and change the form where necessary．(从下面方框中选
择合适的词或表达，以其适当的形式填空)
system group dimensional name design catalog location right
Like many other RDBMSs，SQL Server uses two dimensional
to store data．These tables are called catalogs
tables
or dictionaries．h is a
secure system and allow you to assign rights
to individual users．By
default，it use a group to distinguish among different SQL Severs. To
create a new database，you need to specify a name ．And you may also
change the location of the database during this process．A new database
comes with over 10
use a table
design
system
window .
tables．To create a new table，you can
high-level language
machine language facilitate
assembly language
notation
construct
written
• A programming language，designed to facilitate the communication
between human and computers，is a notation for describing
computation in readable form．There are 3 levels of programming
languages，they are machine language ，which can be run directly by
computer； assembly language and ． high-level language
There are different high—level programming languages. Fortunately。
must of them have many kinds of constructs in common and vary only
in the way that these must be written ．Therefore，first thing to be
decided about a task is to choose which programming language is best
suited for the job．
black box testing internal bug thorough reveal
output faults valid white box testing
，
Software testing．which is defined as the execution of a program to find its
is afaults
vital part of the software lifecycle．There are different types of testing，
black box
testing testing， which tests whether the
mainly，they are
or functional
is the expected
output result with the
input ；
valid
white box testing and
which is performed to reveal problems with the internal structure of a
program．Debugging is the process of analyzing and locating bugs when
software does not behave as expected． Software testing is a much
more thorough means of identifying software bugs
supports testing other than replacing testing．
．Therefore，debugging
五.Translation(翻译)
• (一) Translate the following sentences into Chinese．(将下列句子
翻译成汉语。)
• 1．A database system is a software system which can manage a
database stored in computer files．
译：数据库系统是一类软件系统，可以管理用计算机文件形式
存放的数据库。
• 2．Relational databases also have functions “built in”that help them to
get，sort and edit the data in many different ways．
译：关系型数据库还具有“内置”的功能帮助其用多种方式获
取、排序和编辑数据。
• 3．SQL Server is designed to allow thousands of users to
access the database at the same time and is a true client／server
database system．
译：SQL Server被设计为充许数千用户同时访问数据库，并且是真正的
客户机/服务器数据库系统。
• 4 ． During the last few years ， it has been realized that
maintenance of programs is more expensive than development，
SO reading of programs by humans is as important as writing
them．
译：在最近的几年中，人们已经意识到程序的维护比程序的开发更昂贵，
因此程序的阅读和书写一样重要。
• 5. Programming languages are designed to facilitate the
communication between human and computers．
译：程序设计语言用于使人类和计算机之间的交流更容易。
• 6 ． Fortunately most programming languages have many kinds of
constructs in common and vary only in the way that these must be
written．
译：幸运的是大多数的程序语言有很多种相同架构，只是在书写的方式上
有所不同。
• 7. Some applications，such as Word，allow for several windows in a
special mode called MDI in which you can open multiple documents within
the same application．
译：一些应用程序，如Word，允许一些表单窗口使用MDI模式，使你能
够在一个软件中打开多个数据文档。
• 8．For developing a software product，the development process is divided
into 5 stages：Requirements Analysis & Specification，Design，Coding，
Testing，and Maintenance．
译：开发一个软件产品，开发过程分为5步：需求分析和说明，设计，编
码，测试和维护。
• 9．Object—orientation may increase productivity because
OOA and OOD，if done correctly，result in products that
are cleaner ， more understandable ， and easier to
implement and test．
译：面向对象方法可以提高生产效率是因为面向对象分析和设
计，如果正确执行了面向对象方法，可以产生出更清晰，更易
理解，更容易实现和测试的软件。
• 10．Functional testing tests whether the output is the
expected result with the valid input．
译：功能测试是检查使用有效的输入是否能得到所期望的输出。
(二)Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese．
(将下列各段翻译成汉语）。
• 1 ． SQL Server is a RDBMS (Relational Database Management
System) made by Microsoft．This means that the data is stored in two
dimensional tables．RDBMSs a11 have tables called catalogs or
dictionaries that contain information about the particular
databases．SQL Server is designed to allow thousands of users to
access the database at the same time and is a true client/server database
system．It is much more secure than Access．Rights can be assigned
to individual users and administrators．For example you can setup one
user that can only insert data in the database but cannot delete any．
• 译：SQL Server是Microsoft开发的关系型数据库管理
系统。这意味着数据存储在二维的表中。关系型数据
库管理系统都具有被称为目录或字典的表，其中包含
待定数据库的信息。SQL Server被设计为允许数千用
户同时访问数据库，并且是真正的客户机/服务器数据
库系统，比Access更加安全。可以为个别用户和管理
员分配权限。例如您可以设置某个用户只能在数据库
中插入数据，而不能删除任何数据。
• 2. A high-level language is an artificial language with which
we can write various instruction. This is possible not because
computer processors are now so technologically advanced
that they can “understand” these languages．You should
translate from programming languages into machine
language which can be understood by the computer
processors．Compilers can accomplish this task．This does
mean that a high—level language program is not directly
executable ： it must be compiled to produce processor
program，which is executable．
• 译：高级语言是一种人造语言，使用它我们可以写不
同的指令。这成为可能不是因为计算机处理器的技术
如今是如此先进以至于它们可以理解这些语言。你需
要将这些语言翻译成计算机处理器能够理解的机器语
言。编译器能够完成这项工作。这就意味着高级语言
程序不是直接可执行的：它必须被编译生成处理器程
序，这些程序是可执行的。
• 3．Over the last few decades there has been a tremendous growth in
information technology and its impact on everyday life．Complex
software systems have become critical to the operation of many
systems in areas such as banking， communications，manufacturing，
power generation，and transportation．Progress in computer science
and accumulated experience with industrial production of software
have led to the emergence of software engineering as a separate
discipline ． The software engineering discipline has been defined
as“the
application
of
systematic ， disciplined ， quantifiable
approaches to the development ， operation ， and maintenance of
software．”that is，the application of engineering to software.
• 译：在过去的几十年间，信息技术有了巨大的发展，
并且影响着我们每天的生活。复杂的软件系统已经成
为许多领域的关键，如银行、通信、制造业、电力、
交通等。随着计算机科学的进步和工业生产经验的积
累，导致软件工程作为一个独立的标准出现。软件工
程规范已经被定义为“应用系统的、规范的、量化的
方法开发、操作和维护软件。”也就是说，使用工程
的方法开发软件。