Transcript Speech VS. Written Texts

Getting to know you...
 Write your name and one
interesting thing about you on the
sticker you have been given.
 It could be: What pets you have
Any interesting scars
What you did in the
summer.
Language Development
 When did you first
speak?
 What was your first
word?
Brainstorm frequent
first words. What do
they have in common?
What is Child Language Acquisition?
 Language acquisition is the study of the processes
through which humans acquire language.
 By itself, language acquisition refers to first language
acquisition, which studies infants' acquisition of their
native language.
 The process of language acquisition is among the leading
aspects that distinguishes humans from other
organisms.
This Term We Will...
The functions of children's language
Purpose & meaning –
in what ways does
children’s language
develop?
• The development of phonological and
pragmatic competence in speech
Sounds, and the skills
of using language as a
communication tool
• The development of lexis and semantics
• The stages of language development
Words & meanings
From babbling to
speech competence
• Theories about language acquisition:
imitation, innateness, cognition, input
Different ideas about
how children learn to
speak – is speech
inborn? – is it learnt?
Key Words
 Utterance: A stretch or continuous unit of speech.
 Morphology: The study of word structure, especially in
terms of morphemes.
 Morphemes: The smallest unit of grammatical meaning,
for example: the use of ‘s’ to indicate a plural.
 Pre-Verbal: The stages before actual words are uttered.
 Holophrastic Stage: An early stage in language
acquisition in which a single word serves the function of
a phrase or sentence.
 Telegraphic Stage: This is the stage at which children
use three of more words, often omitting grammatical
words.
Thinking Points
 Do children learn by copying?
 What kinds of sounds do you think
young children find tricky?
 Does written language have to be
taught?
 How do parents talk to children?
 When do children say their first word?
Stages of Language Acquisition
Sort the cards into:




0 – 2 months
2 – 6 months
10 – 12 months
12 – 18 months
Pre-Verbal
What noises do babies make before
they start to articulate words?
 Vegetative: Reflex crying noises
 Cooing: Open mouth vowel sounds
 Babbling: Repeated consonant vowel
sounds
 Proto-word: Babbling sounds that seem
to match actual word sounds.
Examples of the Early Stages
Vegetative
Cooing
Babbling
Proto-Word
First Words
The one-word or
holophrastic stage
begins at around 12
to 18 months.
These are the most
common first words
– Why?








Mommy
Ball
He
Go
Big
No
Want
What
Two Word Stage
What is happening
at this stage, where
two words are
combined ?




See doggie
Baby playpen
Give Daddy
No milk
The Telegraphic Stage
Aged 2 – 3, this is the
stage at which children
use three of more
words, often omitting
grammatical words.
No a boy bed.
No the sun shining.
Not a teddy beard.
He not little, he
big.
 I didn't did it.
 I didn't see
something.
 I not crying.




Conversation Begins!
Tom:
Judy:
Tom:
Judy:
Tom:
Judy:
Tom:
Judy:
Tom:
Judy:
I'm very bigger.
I'm very little.
My mouth is bigger than yours.
Well, I'm not bigger yet 'cause I'm not walking down
the street
I'm not very big to walk down the
street yet either.
Well, not like me (giggles)
Uh, my mouth is little, too.
Well, my mouth is bigger.
I got a smaller shoe.
I've got big sneakers just like Mickey does.
Data Response Exercise
 What do you
notice about
the utterances
spoken?
 What else do
you think you
need to know
to help you
make more
sense of the
data?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
H.
I.
J.
K.
‘Dat’
‘Horsey’
‘Me want one’
‘There’s a band of mouses’
‘What you doing?’
‘Not eat that daddy’
‘Doctor made my ear better’
‘I just putting her back’
‘The goodies are going on their ship cos
they’ve caught a baddie’
‘Don’t do that because you’ll hit the men and
they’ll fall over’
‘Ruby goes down the stairs backwards, but
when she’s more older she’ll be able to go
forwards’
And Finally...
Mind map what you remember about
today’s lesson.
How much do babies really understand?