Chapter 12 Word Learning Strategies
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Transcript Chapter 12 Word Learning Strategies
Chapter 12
Word Learning Strategies
By Rebecca Harker
Effective Word-Learning
Strategies
Dictionary Use
Students need instruction in how to use
what they find in a dictionary entry.
Teacher should model how to look up
meanings of unfamiliar words and how
to choose appropriate definitions.
Students should be taught to use a
dictionary to further their knowledge of
a word.
Morphemic (word part)
Analysis
Two basic types of morphemes
Free – can stand alone as words
Anglo-Saxon root words
Compound words
Bound – Cannot stand alone as words
Prefixes
Suffixes
Greek roots
Latin roots
Anglo-Saxon Root Words
Cannot be broken down into smaller
words or word parts
Knowing the meaning of one root word
helps the student learn the meaning of
other related words
Compound Words
Contains two word parts.
The meaning of some compound words
is equal to the meaning of the two word
parts.
Example: doghouse, bluebird
Other compound words have a meaning
different than their two parts.
Example: butterfly, airline
Prefixes
Affixes that come before root word.
Can alter the meaning of the word.
Reasons to teach prefixes.
Small number of them
Used in a large number of words
Usually consistently spelled
Easy to identify
Have clear meaning
Suffixes
Affixes that follow root words.
Can alter the meaning of the word.
Two types
Inflectional (-s, -es, -ed, -ing)
Change the form of the word but not its speech
part
Derivational (-ful, -less)
Alter root meaning
Greek and Latin Roots
Cannot stand alone as words in English.
Most appear in combination with each
other
Common Greek and Latin Roots (See
pg. 494)
Cognate Awareness
Words in two languages that share similar
spelling, pronunciation and meaning.
Several categories of cognates
Cognates that are spelled identically
Cognates that are spelled nearly the same
Cognates that are pronounced nearly the same
False Cognates
Pairs of words that are spelled identically or nearly
identically but do NOT share the same meaning.
Contextual Analysis
Understanding the meaning of a word by using the
surrounding text.
Helpful context clues (see pg. 499)
Definition
Synonym
Antonym
Example
General
Unhelpful context clues
Misdirective
Nondirective
Word-Learning Strategies
Students will learn words
independently if they are taught
strategies for determining meaning.
Word-Learning Strategies
Sequence of Instruction
Contextual Analysis
1st – Context clues in read-alouds
2nd – Context clues in independently read texts
3rd – Types of context clues
Morphemic Analysis
1st – Compound words
2nd – Prefixes and derivational suffixes with Anglo-Saxon root
words
3rd – Greek words
4th – Latin roots
5th – Greek and Latin roots plus affixes
Teaching Word-Learning
Strategies
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Using the Dictionary
Pave Procedure
Concept of Definition Map
Compound Words
Word Familes
Word-Part Clues
Context Clues
Vocabulary Strategy
Using the Dictionary
Direct Explanation
Use dictionaries to
define, clarify and
confirm meaning of
words
Display Guidelines
for Using Dictionary
(see pg. 507)
Teach/ Model
Read all the entries
Read all the different
meaning in an entry
Choose the meaning
that makes the most
sense
Using the Dictionary Cont.
Guided Practice
Practice “Guidelines
for Using the
Dictionary” with the
class.
Independent
Practice
Allow class time for
independent practice
PAVE Procedure
Stands for:
Prediction, Association,
Verification and Evaluation
PAVE Procedure
Direct Explanation
Explain to student that PAVE can help
them determine meaning to unfamiliar
words.
Teach/Model
PAVE Map (see pg 512)
PAVE Procedure Map
1. Copy the Context
Sentence
2. Print the Target
Word
3. Predict the
Word’s Meaning
4. Write a Sentence
Using the Word’s
Predicted Meaning
5. Use Dictionary to
Verify the Word’s
Meaning
6. Revise the
Sentence Using the
Word’s Verified
Definition
7. Draw a Picture to
Associate the Word’s
Meaning
PAVE Procedure Cont.
Guided Practice
Give student copy of PAVE map.
Guide students through the steps
Independent Practice
Concept of Definition Map
Three Elements
1. What is it?
2. What is it like?
Category the word belongs to.
Characteristics of the word.
3. What are Some Examples?
Concept of Definition Map
Cont.
Direct Explanation
Teach/Model
Explain this map will help them understand
three elements of good definition
Complete the map (See pg. 517)
Guided Practice
Independent Practice
Compound Words
Direct Explanation
Teach/Model
Meaning can sometimes be understood by
the smaller two word parts of compound
word.
For ideas see pg 522
Guided Practice
Independent Practice
Word Familes
Direct Explanation
Remind student root word cannot be broken into smaller
words
Group of words with same root word is called Word Family
Teach/Model
Display examples of word families
Explain meaning of root word
Guided Practice
Independent Practice
Word-Part Clues
Prefixes
Suffixes
Roots