Transcript Integumentary System

Integumentary System
What in the world is integument?
Hint: Integument means covering!
What is in the Integumentary
System?
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Skin
Hair follicles that produce hair
Nails
Sweat Glands that produce sweat
Oil glands
Two Main Layers
• Epidermis
• Top layer, many layers of cells - but only
as thick as 2 sheets of notebook paper!
• Most epidermal cells are dead and are
filled with keratin to make the skin tough!
• Sensory receptors and melanin are found
in epidermis.
Epidermis
Bottom Layer
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Dermis
Full of nerves for sensory
Made of tough fibers for toughness
Has collagen to absorb water and
keep the skin hydrated
Dermis
Functions
(Good Reasons to have Skin!)
• Protection: Keeps moisture in and foreign
particles (bad stuff) out!
• Keeps you “in touch” – nerve endings in
the skin allow you to feel what is around
you – (senses pain, pressure, hot, cold,
and touch)
Two more Functions
Good Reasons for Skin!
• Regulates body temperature – sweat
glands produce salty sweat that flows to
surface of skin – As sweat evaporates, the
skin cools!
• Gets rid of wastes – Lots of chemicals can
leave the body in the sweat!
Hair
• Protects skin from ultraviolet radiation
• Keeps dust and insects out of your nose
and eyes
• Gets color from melanin
• Regulates body temperature (Goose
bumps are a sweater of hair) They trap the
warm air around the body!
Hair
Nails
• Protect the tips of your fingers and toes so they
can remain soft and sensitive
• If you have ever cut your nails too short, you
know how many nerves are found there!
• The light part at the base of your nail is called
the lunula – nails are produced just beneath the
lunula
• New cells push older cell toward the edge of
your nail
Nails
Skin Color
• Melanin is one of three pigments in the
skin that determines skin color
• More melanin the darker the skin
• Melanin absorbs the harmful radiation of
the sun
• Carotene is the yellowish pigment
• Hemoglobin in the blood gives the skin its
red coloration.
Melanin
Contagious Skin Disorders
• Acne: plugged hair follicles form pimples –
Cause is bacteria
Boils
• Boils: Painful infection of hair follicles by a
Staph infection
Fever Blisters
• Fever Blisters: Fluid filled blisters
Impetigo
• Impetigo: Highly contagious skin infection
caused by bacteria – fluid filled pustules
forming yellow crust over infected area
Warts
• Small skin tumors caused by a viral
infection that stimulate excessive growth
of epithelial cells
Alopecia
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Loss of hair
Most prevalent in males
Most inherited
Can be caused by poor nutrition, drugs,
eczema
Eczema
• Inflammation producing redness, itching,
scalding and cracking of the skin
• Caused by hyperactivity of the sebaceous
glands (oil glands)
Psoriasis
• Chronic dermatitis characterized by
reddish raised patches of skin covered
with whitish scales
• Result of excessive cell production caused
by emotional stress and poor health
Psoriasis
Skin Cancer
• Basal cell carcinoma – 70% treated by
removal
• Squamous carcinoma – Treatment
consists of radiation and removal
• Malignant melanoma - Most life
threatening – starts as a mole, move to
other locations – treatment is also
radiation and removal
Skin Cancer
Skin Cancer
Malignant Melanoma