Transcript 幻灯片 1
Reading I First aid for burns Brainstorming What things at home can be dangerous? electrical equipment electric wires poisons pets knives hot water glass gas Pre-reading What kind of first aid would you perform in this situation? Make a list of your ideas. Cool the area of skin; wash it under the cold running water. Cover the wound with bandage/ clean cloth. See a doctor if necessary. I. Skim for general idea and then number them from 1 to 5. __ 3 __ 5 __ 1 __ 4 __ 2 the three types of burns what to do if someone gets burned the functions of the skin the symptoms of burns how we get burns II. Scanning 1.What can skin do for our body ? 1.Act as a barrier against disease, ______________________________ ______________________________ poisons and the sun’s harmful rays. _______________________ 2.Keep you warm or cool. ____________________________ 3.Prevent you from losing water. _________________________ 4.Give you sense of touch. 2.You can get burnt by : ___________ hot liquids ___________ steam __________ fire __________ radiation _______________________ the sun _______________________ electricity or chemicals 3. How many types of burns are there? What are they? 1.First degree burns. 2. Second degree burns 3.Third degree burns Ex 2 Label these pictures with first, second and third degree burn. second degree first degree third degree The three layers of skin: The top layer The second layer The third layer III. Detail reading: Filling in the blanks Types First degree burns Characteristics Affect the top layer _____ of the skin. Mildly Dry, _____ Turn red and painful white mildly when pressed _____ ______. swollen Types Second degree burns Characteristics affect _____, rough both the red and _______ top and swollen _______ the second layer of the skin. Third affect swollen; degree all _____ three tissue burns layers of can be the skin. seen. extreme blisters _____ ly watery painful surface and ______ _______ little or black white _____ ______ no pain and charred IV. Read the passage and decide whether the first aid treatment is Right (R) or Wrong (W). 1. When someone is burned, you should place some ice on his wound. W 2. The function of cool water is to prevent and reduce swelling. R 3. We should put damp cloths on the second R degree burns. 4. We shouldn’t break the blisters, or they will make the wound infected. R 5. Sometimes, we can put oil or ointments on burns to stop the infection. W 6. We should make sure the bandage won’t stick to the skin when it is used. R 7. If burns are on the face, we should make the victim sit up. R 8. Cold water can be used in three types of burns. W Ex 3 Answer the questions 1. Why should you put cold water on a burn? Because the cold water stops the burning process, stops the pain and prevents or reduces swelling（肿）. 2. Why doesn’t a third degree burn hurt? Because in a third degree burn the nerves have been damaged. If there are no nerves, there is no pain. 3. Why do you think clothes and jewellery near burns should be removed? Because bacteria from the clothes and jewellery could infect the burns. 4. If someone has a third degree burn, why might you see tissue? Because all layers of the skin have been burnt showing the tissue underneath. Ex 4 Right or Wrong 1. Sam knocked over a kettle full of boiling water onto his legs. His legs became red, swollen and covered with blisters. Sam broke the blisters and poured icy water from the fridge onto the skin. ( W) 2. While ironing clothes, Miss Good accidentally touched the iron. Her wrist blistered and became watery. It hurt a lot. She put her wrist under the cold water tap and then kept placing cool, clean, damp cloths on it until it was less painful. Then she went to see the doctor. ( R) 3. Mrs Casey’s sleeve caught fire while she was cooking . Her arm looked terrible but it didn’t hurt. The skin was charred. Her husband took off her blouse and picked off bits of the blouse stuck to the burn. He then placed butter on the burn and covered it with a wet bandage. ( W) 4. After an hour in the sun, Lily noticed her arms were red and hurt a bit. She went home and put them under cool running water. ( R)