Transcript Chapter One and Two Exam

Chapter
One and Two
Exam
1. A light year is:
A) the amount of time
it takes light to travel
one year,
B) the distance light
travels in one year.
1. A light year is:
A) the amount of time
it takes light to travel
one year,
B) the distance light
travels in one year.
2. The measurement
north or south of the
celestial equator is called
the:
A) right ascension,
B) declination,
C) celestial sphere.
2. The measurement
north or south of the
celestial equator is called
the:
A) right ascension,
B) declination,
C) celestial sphere.
3. The measurement east or
west of a fixed zero point in
the celestial sphere is called
the:
A) right ascension,
B) declination,
C) north celestial pole.
3. The measurement east or
west of a fixed zero point in
the celestial sphere is called
the:
A) right ascension,
B) declination,
C) north celestial pole.
5. The times of the year
when the Sun is at its highest
and lowest points by
declination are called the:
A) summer and winter
solstices,
B) autumnal and vernal
equinoxes.
5. The times of the year
when the Sun is at its highest
and lowest points by
declination are called the:
A) summer and winter
solstices,
B) autumnal and vernal
equinoxes.
6. The times of the year
when the Sun is directly over
the equator are called the:
A) summer and winter
solstices,
B) autumnal and vernal
equinoxes.
6. The times of the year
when the Sun is directly over
the equator are called the:
A) summer and winter
solstices,
B) autumnal and vernal
equinoxes.
7. Which of the following are
NOT phases of the Moon:
A) gibbous,
B) full,
C) half,
D) quarter,
E) new.
7. Which of the following are
NOT phases of the Moon:
A) gibbous,
B) full,
C) half,
D) quarter,
E) new.
8. When the Moon
appears to grow it is
called:
A) waning,
B) vacuuming,
C) waxing.
8. When the Moon
appears to grow it is
called:
A) waning,
B) vacuuming,
C) waxing.
9. When the Moon casts
its shadow on the Earth it
is an eclipse of the:
A) Sun,
B) Moon,
C) Earth.
9. When the Moon casts
its shadow on the Earth it
is an eclipse of the:
A) Sun,
B) Moon,
C) Earth.
10. When the Earth casts
its shadow on the Moon it
is an eclipse of the:
A) Sun,
B) Moon,
C) Earth.
10. When the Earth casts
its shadow on the Moon it
is an eclipse of the:
A) Sun,
B) Moon,
C) Earth.
11. The fact that some solar
eclipses are total and some are
annular shows that:
A) the Sun is larger than the
Moon,
B) the Moon’s distance from the
Earth varies,
C) the Moon’s shadow is larger
than the Earth.
11. The fact that some solar
eclipses are total and some are
annular shows that:
A) the Sun is larger than the
Moon,
B) the Moon’s distance from the
Earth varies,
C) the Moon’s shadow is larger
than the Earth.
12. Eclipses are not seen every
time the Moon orbits the Earth
because:
A) the Moon’s orbit is erratic and
unpredictable,
B) the Moon’s orbit is
perpendicular to the ecliptic,
C) the Moon’s orbit is slightly
inclined to the ecliptic.
12. Eclipses are not seen every
time the Moon orbits the Earth
because:
A) the Moon’s orbit is erratic and
unpredictable,
B) the Moon’s orbit is
perpendicular to the ecliptic,
C) the Moon’s orbit is slightly
inclined to the ecliptic.
13. As the Earth rotates on
its axis it wobbles like a top
that is running down.
This motion is called:
A) precession,
B) nutation,
C) equinox.
13. As the Earth rotates on
its axis it wobbles like a top
that is running down.
This motion is called:
A) precession,
B) nutation,
C) equinox.
16. The word ‘planet’
comes from a Greek
word meaning:
A) star,
B) wanderer,
C) Earth-like.
16. The word ‘planet’
comes from a Greek
word meaning:
A) star,
B) wanderer,
C) Earth-like.
17. Some planets sometimes
move from east to west rather
than from west to east. This
east to west motion is called:
A) diurnal,
B) direct,
C) retrograde.
17. Some planets sometimes
move from east to west rather
than from west to east. This
east to west motion is called:
A) diurnal,
B) direct,
C) retrograde.
18. In the geocentric solar system
model, the planets moved in
small circles in addition to their
larger orbits around the Sun.
These small circles were called:
A) deferents,
B) retrograde orbits,
C) epicycles.
18. In the geocentric solar system
model, the planets moved in
small circles in addition to their
larger orbits around the Sun.
These small circles were called:
A) deferents,
B) retrograde orbits,
C) epicycles.
19. The group of
constellations through
which the Sun passes is
called:
A) the solar constellations,
B) the Sun group,
C) the zodiac.
19. The group of
constellations through
which the Sun passes is
called:
A) the solar constellations,
B) the Sun group,
C) the zodiac.
20. Constellations seen at night
change with the seasons
because:
A) the stars move to new
locations in the galaxy,
B) the night side of the Earth
faces a different direction in
different seasons.
20. Constellations seen at night
change with the seasons
because:
A) the stars move to new
locations in the galaxy,
B) the night side of the Earth
faces a different direction in
different seasons.
CHAPTER THREE
EXAM
1. The Ptolemaic picture
of the universe began to
be changed:
A) during the Crusades,
B) during the Renaissance,
C) immediately after the
death of Ptolemy.
1. The Ptolemaic picture
of the universe began to
be changed:
A) during the Crusades,
B) during the Renaissance,
C) immediately after the
death of Ptolemy.
3. The solar system
model with the Sun at the
center is called:
A) geocentric,
B) heliocentric,
C) pliocentric.
3. The solar system
model with the Sun at the
center is called:
A) geocentric,
B) heliocentric,
C) pliocentric.
4. Galileo was the first to see
moons orbiting Jupiter. This
was important because:
A) it was proof of Ptolemy's
theories,
B) before this time scientists
thought these moons were comets,
C) it showed that SOMETHING in
the universe did not orbit the Earth.
4. Galileo was the first to see
moons orbiting Jupiter. This
was important because:
A) it was proof of Ptolemy's
theories,
B) before this time scientists
thought these moons were comets,
C) it showed that SOMETHING in the
universe did not orbit the Earth.
5. Galileo was imprisoned for
his views. His "crimes" were
publicly forgiven by the
Roman Church in:
A) 1900,
B) 1992,
C) 1850.
5. Galileo was imprisoned for
his views. His "crimes" were
publicly forgiven by the
Roman Church in:
A) 1900,
B) 1992,
C) 1850.
6. Johannes Kepler based
his laws on the
observations of:
A) Galileo,
B) Isaac Newton,
C) Tycho Brahe.
6. Johannes Kepler based
his laws on the
observations of:
A) Galileo,
B) Isaac Newton,
C) Tycho Brahe.
7. A planet's closest
approach to the Sun is
called its:
A) perihelion,
B) aphelion,
C) centrihelion.
7. A planet's closest
approach to the Sun is
called its:
A) perihelion,
B) aphelion,
C) centrihelion.
8. A planet's greatest
distance from the Sun is
called its:
A) perihelion,
B) aphelion,
C) centrihelion.
8. A planet's greatest
distance from the Sun is
called its:
A) perihelion,
B) aphelion,
C) centrihelion.
9. Kepler's third law basically states
that:
A) planets travel through space at
the same velocity at all times,
B) The only planets where the
orbits are exact circles are Mercury
and Pluto,
C) the farther a planet is from the
Sun, the greater its orbital period.
9. Kepler's third law basically states
that:
A) planets travel through space at
the same velocity at all times,
B) The only planets where the
orbits are exact circles are Mercury
and Pluto,
C) the farther a planet is from the
Sun, the greater its orbital period.
10. Kepler's laws allowed a model
of the solar system to be
constructed, but:
A) the location of Mercury was
incorrect,
B) the exact size of the solar system
could not be determined,
C) the exact size of the solar system
was already known.
10. Kepler's laws allowed a model
of the solar system to be
constructed, but:
A) the location of Mercury was
incorrect,
B) the exact size of the solar system
could not be determined,
C) the exact size of the solar system
was already known.
12. Newton's First
Law is:
A) the Law of Inertia,
B) F = m X a,
C) action–reaction.
12. Newton's First
Law is:
A) the Law of Inertia,
B) F = m X a,
C) action–reaction.
13. Newton's Second
Law is:
A) the Law of Inertia,
B) F = m X a,
C) action–reaction.
13. Newton's Second
Law is:
A) the Law of Inertia,
B) F = m X a,
C) action–reaction.
14. Newton's Third
Law is:
A) the Law of Inertia,
B) F = m X a,
C) action–reaction.
14. Newton's Third
Law is:
A) the Law of Inertia,
B) F = m X a,
C) action–reaction.
16. According to Newton's Laws:
A) the planets orbit a stationary
Sun,
B) the Sun orbits a stationary
planet,
C) each planet and the Sun orbit
a common center of mass.
16. According to Newton's Laws:
A) the planets orbit a stationary
Sun,
B) the Sun orbits a stationary
planet,
C) each planet and the Sun orbit
a common center of mass.
17. According to Newton's laws,
the Sun dominates the orbital
motion of the planets because
the Sun:
A) is at the center of the
universe,
B) produces its own energy,
C) is so much more massive than
the planets.
17. According to Newton's laws,
the Sun dominates the orbital
motion of the planets because
the Sun:
A) is at the center of the
universe,
B) produces its own energy,
C) is so much more massive
than the planets.
18. Kepler's third law can be
modified to help astronomers
find:
A) the mass of the Sun,
B) the mass of the Earth,
C) all masses measured in
astronomy,
D) all of the above.
18. Kepler's third law can be
modified to help astronomers
find:
A) the mass of the Sun,
B) the mass of the Earth,
C) all masses measured in
astronomy,
D) all of the above.
19. The velocity needed to
escape the Earth's gravitational
field and move away from the
Earth forever is:
A) escape velocity,
B) terminal velocity,
C) average velocity.
19. The velocity needed to
escape the Earth's gravitational
field and move away from the
Earth forever is:
A) escape velocity,
B) terminal velocity,
C) average velocity.
CHAPTER 6 & 7
EXAM
2. Most of the world’s
large telescopes are:
A) refractors,
B) reflectors,
C) Hubble telescopes.
2. Most of the world’s
large telescopes are:
A) refractors,
B) reflectors,
C) Hubble telescopes.
4. Another problem with lenses is
that glass is opaque to much
infrared and ultraviolet light.
“Opaque” means that these
wavelengths:
A) are refracted more than others,
B) are blocked by the lens,
C) move faster inside the lens.
4. Another problem with lenses is
that glass is opaque to much
infrared and ultraviolet light.
“Opaque” means that these
wavelengths:
A) are refracted more than others,
B) are blocked by the lens,
C) move faster inside the lens.
8. Images formed by large
reflectors have an inability to
focus along the edges of the
image. Stars on these edges
acquire “tails”. This is called:
A) comets,
B) coma,
C) angular resolution.
8. Images formed by large
reflectors have an inability to
focus along the edges of the
image. Stars on these edges
acquire “tails”. This is called:
A) comets,
B) coma,
C) angular resolution.
10. Radio telescopes:
A) are about the same size as
optical telescopes,
B) are much larger than
optical telescopes,
C) are much smaller than
optical telescopes.
10. Radio telescopes:
A) are about the same size as
optical telescopes,
B) are much larger than
optical telescopes,
C) are much smaller than
optical telescopes.
11. The Earth’s density
varies greatly from crust
to core. this variation is
called:
A) radioactivity,
B) distortion,
C) differentiation.
11. The Earth’s density
varies greatly from crust
to core. this variation is
called:
A) radioactivity,
B) distortion,
C) differentiation.
13. The tides are a direct
result of the gravitational
influence of:
A) the Sun and the Moon,
B) only the Sun,
C) only the Moon.
13. The tides are a direct
result of the gravitational
influence of:
A) the Sun and the Moon,
B) only the Sun,
C) only the Moon.
14. When the Earth, Sun, and Moon
are lined up, the gravitational forces
reinforce each other and the
highest tides result. These are
called:
A) neap tides,
B) low tides,
C) spring tides,
D) high tides.
14. When the Earth, Sun, and Moon
are lined up, the gravitational forces
reinforce each other and the
highest tides result. These are
called:
A) neap tides,
B) low tides,
C) spring tides,
D) high tides.
15. When the Moon is at a
right angle to the Sun, the
daily tides are smallest.
These are called:
A) neap tides,
B) low tides,
C) spring tides,
D) high tides.
15. When the Moon is at a
right angle to the Sun, the
daily tides are smallest.
These are called:
A) neap tides,
B) low tides,
C) spring tides,
D) high tides.
18. This area contains the
donut-shaped Van Allen belts:
A) troposphere,
B) stratosphere,
C) mesosphere,
D) thermosphere,
E) magnetosphere.
18. This area contains the
donut-shaped Van Allen belts:
A) troposphere,
B) stratosphere,
C) mesosphere,
D) thermosphere,
E) magnetosphere.
19. The dynamo theory
explains the existence of the:
A) troposphere,
B) stratosphere,
C) mesosphere,
D) thermosphere,
E) magnetosphere.
19. The dynamo theory
explains the existence of the:
A) troposphere,
B) stratosphere,
C) mesosphere,
D) thermosphere,
E) magnetosphere.
20. The magnetosphere
intersects the atmosphere at the
poles. This is where the:
A) magnetosphere is weakest,
B) aurora borealis and aurora
australis are formed,
C) atmosphere is too thin to
support life.
20. The magnetosphere
intersects the atmosphere at the
poles. This is where the:
A) magnetosphere is weakest,
B) aurora borealis and aurora
australis are formed,
C) atmosphere is too thin to
support life.
21. The magnetosphere’s
shape is not symmetrical.
This distortion of its shape is
caused by:
A) the rotation of the Earth,
B) the solar wind,
C) the pull of gravity by the
Moon.
21. The magnetosphere’s
shape is not symmetrical.
This distortion of its shape is
caused by:
A) the rotation of the Earth,
B) the solar wind,
C) the pull of gravity by the
Moon.
CH 8
The Moon
1. The Moon’s closest
approach to the Earth in its
elliptical orbit is called its:
A) perigee,
B) semi-major axis,
C) apogee,
D) eccentricity.
1. The Moon’s closest
approach to the Earth in its
elliptical orbit is called its:
A) perigee,
B) semi-major axis,
C) apogee,
D) eccentricity.
2. The Moon’s radius is
approximately:
A) 1/80 of the Earth’s radius,
B) 1/40 of the Earth’s radius,
C) 1/4 of the Earth’s radius,
D) 1/2 of the Earth’s radius.
2. The Moon’s radius is
approximately:
A) 1/80 of the Earth’s radius,
B) 1/40 of the Earth’s radius,
C) 1/4 of the Earth’s radius,
D) 1/2 of the Earth’s radius.
4. The Moon’s average
density is:
A) higher that the Earth’s,
B) equal to the Earth’s,
C) lower than the Earth’s.
4. The Moon’s average
density is:
A) higher that the Earth’s,
B) equal to the Earth’s,
C) lower than the Earth’s.
5. To an astronaut on the Moon’s
surface:
A) the Earth would rise and set in a 24
hour period,
B) the Earth would rise and set in a 12
hour period,
C) the Earth would rise and set in a 28
day period,
D) the Earth would appear almost
stationary in the sky.
5. To an astronaut on the Moon’s
surface:
A) the Earth would rise and set in a 24
hour period,
B) the Earth would rise and set in a 12
hour period,
C) the Earth would rise and set in a 28
day period,
D) the Earth would appear almost
stationary in the sky.
6. To an astronaut on the Moon’s
surface:
A) the Sun would rise and set in a
24 hour period,
B) the Sun would rise and set in a
12 hour period,
C) the Sun would rise and set in a
14 day period,
D) the Sun would appear almost
stationary in the sky.
6. To an astronaut on the Moon’s
surface:
A) the Sun would rise and set in a
24 hour period,
B) the Sun would rise and set in a
12 hour period,
C) the Sun would rise and set in a
14 day period,
D) the Sun would appear almost
stationary in the sky.
7. The Moon’s orbital
period is equal to its
rotational period.
This is called a:
A) solar orbit,
B) synchronous orbit,
C) meteorological orbit.
7. The Moon’s orbital
period is equal to its
rotational period.
This is called a:
A) solar orbit,
B) synchronous orbit,
C) meteorological orbit.
8. Over a 28 day period we can
see 59% of the Moon’s surface.
The Moon appears to rock on its
north-south axis. This rocking is
called:
A) libration,
B) inebriation,
C) chelation.
8. Over a 28 day period we can
see 59% of the Moon’s surface.
The Moon appears to rock on its
north-south axis. This rocking is
called:
A) libration,
B) inebriation,
C) chelation.
9. The Moon’s equatorial diameter
exceeds its polar diameter. This is
probably caused by:
A) the rotation of the Moon on its
axis,
B) the gravitational pull of the
Earth,
C) both of the above.
9. The Moon’s equatorial diameter
exceeds its polar diameter. This is
probably caused by:
A) the rotation of the Moon on its
axis,
B) the gravitational pull of the
Earth,
C) both of the above.
10. The Moon has no
atmosphere because:
A) it never had any atmosphere,
B) volcanic activity blew the
atmosphere away,
C) there is not enough gravity to
hold an atmosphere.
10. The Moon has no
atmosphere because:
A) it never had any atmosphere,
B) volcanic activity blew the
atmosphere away,
C) there is not enough gravity to
hold an atmosphere.
11. The large, dark areas
seen on the Moon are
called:
A) terrae,
B) maria,
C) highlands.
11. The large, dark areas
seen on the Moon are
called:
A) terrae,
B) maria,
C) highlands.
12. The lighter areas
seen on the Moon are
called:
A) terrae,
B) maria,
C) seas.
12. The lighter areas
seen on the Moon are
called:
A) terrae,
B) maria,
C) seas.
13. Craters:
A) are all the same size,
B) are equally dispersed over
the lunar surface,
C) vary in size from
microscopic to 100’s of km
across.
13. Craters:
A) are all the same size,
B) are equally dispersed over
the lunar surface,
C) vary in size from
microscopic to 100’s of km
across.
14. Erosion on the Moon:
A) is nonexistent,
B) is more rapid than on
Earth,
C) is much slower than on
Earth.
14. Erosion on the Moon:
A) is nonexistent,
B) is more rapid than on
Earth,
C) is much slower than on
Earth.
15. The material thrown
out of a crater when it is
formed is called:
A) a ray,
B) the ejecta blanket,
C) bubbling boulders.
15. The material thrown
out of a crater when it is
formed is called:
A) a ray,
B) the ejecta blanket,
C) bubbling boulders.
16. There are more
craters per unit area in
the:
A) highlands,
B) maria,
C) seas.
16. There are more
craters per unit area in
the:
A) highlands,
B) maria,
C) seas.
17. The lunar dust
covering the Moon is
called:
A) monolith,
B) regolith,
C) aesthenosphere.
17. The lunar dust
covering the Moon is
called:
A) monolith,
B) regolith,
C) aesthenosphere.
18. A ditch where
molten lava flowed is
called:
A) an escarpment,
B) a lava dome,
C) a rille.
18. A ditch where
molten lava flowed is
called:
A) an escarpment,
B) a lava dome,
C) a rille.
19. The first man-made
spacecraft to go to the Moon
were from the series called:
A) Sputnik,
B) Apollo,
C) Ranger,
D) Luna.
19. The first man-made
spacecraft to go to the Moon
were from the series called:
A) Sputnik,
B) Apollo,
C) Ranger,
D) Luna.
20. The first man to walk
on the Moon was:
A) Uri Gagarin,
B) Neil Armstrong,
C) Buzz Aldrin,
D) Fred Whipple.
20. The first man to walk
on the Moon was:
A) Uri Gagarin,
B) Neil Armstrong,
C) Buzz Aldrin,
D) Fred Whipple.
CH 10 & 11
MERCURY AND
VENUS
1. The Titius-Bode Law is:
A) a very exact pattern for the
location of the planets,
B) completely understood and
descriptive,
C) a curious coincidence that is
not very accurate for some of
the planets.
1. The Titius-Bode Law is:
A) a very exact pattern for the
location of the planets,
B) completely understood and
descriptive,
C) a curious coincidence that is
not very accurate for some of
the planets.
2. Because Mercury is closest
of all planets to the Sun,
A) it is never visible,
B) its orbital period is longer
than that of Earth,
C) it is only observed when
low on the horizon.
2. Because Mercury is closest
of all planets to the Sun,
A) it is never visible,
B) its orbital period is longer
than that of Earth,
C) it is only observed when
low on the horizon.
3. The fraction of incident
sunlight an object reflects
into space is called its:
A) albedo,
B) bambino,
C) barbieri.
3. The fraction of incident
sunlight an object reflects
into space is called its:
A) albedo,
B) bambino,
C) barbieri.
4. Mercury can cross the
Sun as viewed from Earth.
This is called:
A) an occlusion,
B) a transit,
C) an eclipse.
4. Mercury can cross the
Sun as viewed from Earth.
This is called:
A) an occlusion,
B) a transit,
C) an eclipse.
5. Mercury’s orbital
period is:
A) the same as Earth’s,
B) the same as its
rotational period,
C) less than 1/4 that of
Earth’s.
5. Mercury’s orbital
period is:
A) the same as Earth’s,
B) the same as its
rotational period,
C) less than 1/4 that of
Earth’s.
6. Mercury:
A) is smaller than Earth’s
Moon,
B) is the second smallest
planet,
C) is as large as Neptune.
6. Mercury:
A) is smaller than Earth’s
Moon,
B) is the second smallest
planet,
C) is as large as Neptune.
7. Mercury’s orbit:
A) is very elliptic compared
to the other planet’s orbits,
B) is almost perfectly circular,
C) is at an extreme angle to
the plane of orbit of the
other planets.
7. Mercury’s orbit:
A) is very elliptic compared
to the other planet’s orbits,
B) is almost perfectly circular,
C) is at an extreme angle to
the plane of orbit of the
other planets.
8. Which of these features
are found on Mercury, but
not on the Moon?
A) scarps,
B) clouds,
C) maria,
D) dust storms.
8. Which of these features
are found on Mercury, but
not on the Moon?
A) scarps,
B) clouds,
C) maria,
D) dust storms.
9. Which of these features
are found on Mercury, but
not on the Moon?
A) rivers,
B) weather,
C) double-ringed craters.
9. Which of these features
are found on Mercury, but
not on the Moon?
A) rivers,
B) weather,
C) double-ringed craters.
10. A huge crater on
Mercury caused by an
asteroid impact is called the:
A) Caloris basin,
B) double-ringed crater,
C) weird terrain,
D) Cleopatra crater.
10. A huge crater on
Mercury caused by an
asteroid impact is called the:
A) Caloris basin,
B) double-ringed crater,
C) weird terrain,
D) Cleopatra crater.
11. The opposite side of Mercury
from the crater described in
question 10 has rippled, wavy
surface features called the:
A) Caloris basin,
B) double-ringed crater,
C) weird terrain,
D) Cleopatra crater.
11. The opposite side of Mercury
from the crater described in
question 10 has rippled, wavy
surface features called the:
A) Caloris basin,
B) double-ringed crater,
C) weird terrain,
D) Cleopatra crater.
12. Mercury’s surface
temperature:
A) is 700K on the daylight side,
B) has the largest day to night
variation of any planet in the solar
system,
C) is 100K on the nighttime side,
D) all of the above.
12. Mercury’s surface
temperature:
A) is 700K on the daylight side,
B) has the largest day to night
variation of any planet in the solar
system,
C) is 100K on the nighttime side,
D) all of the above.
13. Why is the fact that Mercury
has a magnetic field surprising?
A) None of the other nine planets
have magnetic fields,
B) Neither the Moon nor Venus has
a magnetic field,
C) Mercury had no magnetic field
as recently as 50 years ago.
13. Why is the fact that Mercury
has a magnetic field surprising?
A) None of the other nine planets
have magnetic fields,
B) Neither the Moon nor Venus
has a magnetic field,
C) Mercury had no magnetic field
as recently as 50 years ago.
14. One similarity in Venus and
Mercury is:
A) EACH was originally thought
to be TWO different planets,
B) they are about the same size,
C) the presence of an
atmosphere on each planet.
14. One similarity in Venus and
Mercury is:
A) EACH was originally thought
to be TWO different planets,
B) they are about the same size,
C) the presence of an
atmosphere on each planet.
15. Venus is brighter
than all objects in the sky
EXCEPT:
A) Sirius and Rigel,
B) the Moon and the Sun,
C) Mercury and Jupiter.
15. Venus is brighter than
all objects in the sky
EXCEPT:
A) Sirius and Rigel,
B) the Moon and the Sun,
C) Mercury and Jupiter.
17. Venus shows phases like the
Moon. Venus:
A) is “full” when at inferior
conjunction,
B) is “new” when at inferior
conjunction,
C) is at its brightest as viewed from
Earth when “full”,
D) all of the above.
17. Venus shows phases like the
Moon. Venus:
A) is “full” when at inferior
conjunction,
B) is “new” when at inferior
conjunction,
C) is at its brightest as viewed from
Earth when “full”,
D) all of the above.
18. Venus rotation is unique
in that:
A) its rotational period is
longer than its orbital period,
B) its rotation is retrograde,
C) both A and B.
18. Venus rotation is unique
in that:
A) its rotational period is
longer than its orbital period,
B) its rotation is retrograde,
C) both A and B.
19. Transits of the Sun by
Venus:
A) are more frequent than
transits by Mercury,
B) are less frequent than
transits by Mercury,
C) occur as frequently as
transits by Mercury.
19. Transits of the Sun by
Venus:
A) are more frequent than
transits by Mercury,
B) are less frequent than
transits by Mercury,
C) occur as frequently as
transits by Mercury.
21. The temperature
on Venus is:
A) 100K,
B) 300K,
C) 750K.
21. The temperature
on Venus is:
A) 100K,
B) 300K,
C) 750K.
23. The primary gas
found in Venus’
atmosphere is:
A) carbon dioxide,
B) nitrogen,
C) oxygen.
23. The primary gas
found in Venus’
atmosphere is:
A) carbon dioxide,
B) nitrogen,
C) oxygen.
24. Venus:
A) is completely covered
by clouds,
B) has a scattered cloud
cover,
C) has much water in its
cloud cover.
24. Venus:
A) is completely covered
by clouds,
B) has a scattered cloud
cover,
C) has much water in its
cloud cover.
25. The great amount of carbon
dioxide:
A) causes the ozone on Venus to be
depleted,
B) produces a strong magnetic
field,
C) produces a great greenhouse
effect.
25. The great amount of carbon
dioxide:
A) causes the ozone on Venus to be
depleted,
B) produces a strong magnetic
field,
C) produces a great greenhouse
effect.
26. The temperature on
Venus:
A) varies greatly from the
daytime side to the
nighttime side,
B) is made the same all over
the planet by rapid
atmospheric circulation.
26. The temperature on
Venus:
A) varies greatly from the
daytime side to the
nighttime side,
B) is made the same all over
the planet by rapid
atmospheric circulation.
27. The elevated,
continent-sized region in
the northern hemisphere
of Venus is:
A) the Aphrodite Terra,
B) the Ishtar Terra,
C) the Cleopatra Terra.
27. The elevated,
continent-sized region in
the northern hemisphere
of Venus is:
A) the Aphrodite Terra,
B) the Ishtar Terra,
C) the Cleopatra Terra.
28. The elevated,
continent-sized region
along the equator of
Venus is:
A) the Aphrodite Terra,
B) the Ishtar Terra,
C) the Cleopatra Terra.
28. The elevated,
continent-sized region
along the equator of
Venus is:
A) the Aphrodite Terra,
B) the Ishtar Terra,
C) the Cleopatra Terra.
29. Venus shows NO small impact
craters. This is probably because:
A) no small meteors have ever
entered Venus’ atmosphere,
B) there are no meteors that close
to the Sun,
C) no smaller meteors could survive
the trip through Venus’
atmosphere.
29. Venus shows NO small impact
craters. This is probably because:
A) no small meteors have ever
entered Venus’ atmosphere,
B) there are no meteors that close
to the Sun,
C) no smaller meteors could survive
the trip through Venus’
atmosphere.
30. Soviet Venera spacecraft:
A) are all still sending data back to
Earth,
B) were all destroyed before landing
on Venus’ surface,
C) quit functioning within an hour
of landing because of the harsh
conditions.
30. Soviet Venera spacecraft:
A) are all still sending data back to
Earth,
B) were all destroyed before landing
on Venus’ surface,
C) quit functioning within an hour
of landing because of the harsh
conditions.
CHAPTER
12
MARS
1. Which of these BEST
describes Mars?
A) lush, green,
B) dead, dry,
C) plants, no animals,
D) animals, no plants.
1. Which of these BEST
describes Mars?
A) lush, green,
B) dead, dry,
C) plants, no animals,
D) animals, no plants.
2. All the planets that transit the
Sun as viewed from the Earth.
A) Mars,
B) Mercury,
C) Venus,
D) Mars and Mercury,
E) Mercury and Venus.
2. All the planets that transit the
Sun as viewed from the Earth.
A) Mars,
B) Mercury,
C) Venus,
D) Mars and Mercury,
E) Mercury and Venus.
3. Mars’ orbit:
A) has a period the same
as Earth’s,
B) is very eccentric
compared to other
planets,
C) is nearly circular.
3. Mars’ orbit:
A) has a period the same
as Earth’s,
B) is very eccentric
compared to other
planets,
C) is nearly circular.
4. Mars is different from
Earth in that:
A) Mars’ day is much shorter,
B) Mars has no tilt to its axis,
C) Mars is much smaller
than Earth.
4. Mars is different from
Earth in that:
A) Mars’ day is much shorter,
B) Mars has no tilt to its axis,
C) Mars is much smaller
than Earth.
5. Mars’ polar ice caps
are composed mainly of:
A) nitrogen,
B) hydrogen,
C) carbon dioxide,
D) water ice.
5. Mars’ polar ice caps
are composed mainly of:
A) nitrogen,
B) hydrogen,
C) carbon dioxide,
D) water ice.
7. The northern hemisphere of
Mars:
A) is very similar to the southern
hemisphere,
B) is much higher in elevation than
the southern hemisphere,
C) has fewer meteoric craters than
the southern hemisphere.
7. The northern hemisphere of
Mars:
A) is very similar to the southern
hemisphere,
B) is much higher in elevation than
the southern hemisphere,
C) has fewer meteoric craters than
the southern hemisphere.
8. The Tharsis bulge:
A) is the only ‘continent’
on Mars,
B) is at the same elevation
as the rest of the Martian
surface,
C) is the size of Texas.
8. The Tharsis bulge:
A) is the only ‘continent’
on Mars,
B) is at the same elevation
as the rest of the Martian
surface,
C) is the size of Texas.
9. Mars has:
A) the largest known
volcanos in the solar system,
B) numerous active
volcanos,
C) a great deal of plate
tectonic activity.
9. Mars has:
A) the largest known
volcanos in the solar system,
B) numerous active
volcanos,
C) a great deal of plate
tectonic activity.
10. Olympus Mons:
A) is an active volcano,
B) is slightly smaller than
Texas,
C) is smaller than Hawaii’s
Mauna Loa.
10. Olympus Mons:
A) is an active volcano,
B) is slightly smaller than
Texas,
C) is smaller than Hawaii’s
Mauna Loa.
11. The ejecta expelled
from meteoric craters on
Mars:
A) is exactly the same as
that on Earth’s moon,
B) was probably fluid
rather than solid.
11. The ejecta expelled
from meteoric craters on
Mars:
A) is exactly the same as
that on Earth’s moon,
B) was probably fluid
rather than solid.
12. The Mariner Valley:
A) is much larger than the
Grand Canyon,
B) is much smaller than
the Grand Canyon,
C) is the same size as the
Grand Canyon.
12. The Mariner Valley:
A) is much larger than the
Grand Canyon,
B) is much smaller than
the Grand Canyon,
C) is the same size as the
Grand Canyon.
13. These were
produced by
catastrophic flooding:
A) runoff channels,
B) outflow channels,
C) ‘splosh’ craters.
13. These were
produced by
catastrophic flooding:
A) runoff channels,
B) outflow channels,
C) ‘splosh’ craters.
15. The polar caps are
mostly made up of:
A) carbon dioxide,
B) water ice,
C) liquid nitrogen.
15. The polar caps are
mostly made up of:
A) carbon dioxide,
B) water ice,
C) liquid nitrogen.
16. The atmospheric
pressure on Mars is:
A) high, like on Venus,
B) much lower than Earth’s,
C) there is no atmosphere,so
no pressure.
16. The atmospheric
pressure on Mars is:
A) high, like on Venus,
B) much lower than Earth’s,
C) there is no atmosphere,so
no pressure.
17. Mars is red because:
A) of carbon dioxide in the
atmosphere,
B) of contact with a comet
thousands of years ago,
C) because iron in the soil
“rusts”.
17. Mars is red because:
A) of carbon dioxide in the
atmosphere,
B) of contact with a comet
thousands of years ago,
C) because iron in the soil
“rusts”.
19. Mars’ moons are:
A) Castor and Pollux,
B) Mutt and Jeff,
C) Fred and Ethyl,
D) Phobos and Deimos.
19. Mars’ moons are:
A) Castor and Pollux,
B) Mutt and Jeff,
C) Fred and Ethyl,
D) Phobos and Deimos.
20. Mars two moons:
A) have synchronous
orbits,
B) are perfect spheres,
C) were originally part of
Mars.
20. Mars two moons:
A) have synchronous
orbits,
B) are perfect spheres,
C) were originally part of
Mars.