Transcript Unit 1

NUTRITION
2102
Unit I – Food Choices &
Nutritional Needs
SEPT 11/14
• Warmup - guess foods nutritionists won’t
eat (show video)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iAv25U
ZE-EE
FOOD CHOICES
• What are your
favourite foods? Why?
• Why do you eat?
• Where do you eat?
• When do you eat?
• With whom do you
eat? Do your food
choices differ,
depending on the
people you’re with?
FOOD CHOICES
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Do you ever try a food, just
because you see it advertised
on TV?
When you see food
advertised, does it make you
want to eat?
Can eating certain foods
become a habit? A strong
craving for? An addiction?
FOOD CHOICES
• Is eating associated with
certain activities and/or
occasions?
• Does food availability affect
what you eat? (At home,
within the school and in
community?)
• Do we, in NL, eat differently
from people in other
provinces?
• Does tradition play a role in
what you eat?
FOOD CHOICES
•
So…What are the major
influences on your food
choices? What are the
categories?
SOCIETAL & MEDIA INFLUENCES
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Do you think that society and the
media have an impact on food
choices?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5ahMQwxN9Js – Junk food ads
and kids
CATEGORIES FOR INFLUENCES ON
FOOD CHOICES
JOURNAL ENTRY #1
•
How has your family influenced your
personal eating habits?
•
Have your habits changed as you gain
more independence?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SVYStJW8zPU – Junk food kids
(1 hr)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N42Gy-Xkky0 – junk food kids 2 of 2
JUNK FOOD KIDS QUESTIONS
1. What problems do the “Junk Food
Kids” face?
2. What can parents do differently?
3. What can the “kids” do differently?
4. What can we, as society do to help
stop childhood obesity?
5. What has changed in the last 50 years,
that we now see such a rise in
childhood obesity?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SVYStJW8zPU – Junk
food kids (1 hr)
6 MAJOR NUTRIENTS
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Charts for nutrients; supplement with videos
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8v6wcg
prHXM - What nutrients do our bodies
need? ~4mins.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FmCxY
Baf4-0 - why is water important for our
bodies (2 mins)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PdMPhSu6Yc What happens to your body
when you’re dehydrated (4 mins)
Jeopardy for review
Collage (pics and quotes) for project
LAB DAY
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Tie up hair/brush shoulders
wash hands
check work station for hazards
clean/wipe work space
put on apron
preheat oven (if using it)
check recipe - designate roles
gather ingredients/tools
cooking/baking prep
bake
start clean-up (dishes/counter/stove)
Enjoy tasty dish :)
put away ingredients
check/inspection
SAFETY IN THE FOODS LAB
First Things First - Tell MS! :)
• Fire - cover flame if possible, fire alarm
• cuts - let it bleed a little if small, bandage
• burns - cool water until pain stops, first aid
• poison - properly cook food (follow
directions)
• reactions -
NUTRIENTS
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Carbohydrates
● Are the body’s main source of
energy.
● An important and unique example
is dietary fibre . It is a mixture of
plant materials that is not broken
down in the digestive system.
● All forms of carbohydrates, except
fibre, provide energy .
● Examples: Sugar, and starch.
SIMPLE CARBOHYDRATES
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Are a natural part of many foods.
Also provides other nutrients such as
proteins, vitamins, and minerals.
Includes:
● Fructose found in fruits
● Maltose found in grain products
● Lactose found in milk products
● Sucrose found in plants such as
sugar cane or sugar beets. Do not
supply nutrients other than simple
carbohydrates.
COMPLEX CARBOHYDRATES
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Are broken into two categories:
dietary fibre and starches.
Found in legumes, lentils, peas,
potatoes, pasta, rice, breads, and
corn.
FIBRE
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Insoluble Fibre
● Will not dissolve in water.
● Absorbs water and helps to move
food through the large intestine at a
normal rate.
● Promotes regular bowel movements
and prevents constipation.
● Lowers the risk of colon cancer.
● Found in fruit and vegetable skins
and in whole wheat or bran
products.
FIBRE
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Soluble Fibre
● Dissolves in water.
● Increases the thickness of the
stomach contents.
● May reduce blood cholesterol levels.
● Found in fruits, vegetables, legumes,
peas, lentils, and oat products.
NUTRIENTS
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Fat
● Are a reserve supply of energy
and act as a cushion to protect
your heart, liver and other vital
organs.
● Promote healthy skin and
normal cell growth.
● Carries vitamins A, D, E, and K
to wherever they are needed.
CHOLESTEROL
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Is not a fat.
It is a fat-like substance present in all
body cells.
Needed for many essential body
processes.
Contributes to the digestion of fat and
the skin’s production of vitamin D.
Adults manufacture all the required
amount in the liver.
Transported by lipoproteins (LDL and
HDL).
CHOLESTEROL
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LDL
Moves cholesterol from the liver to
wherever it is needed by the body.
● Too much can lead to a build-up on
artery walls. Therefore heart disease
and stroke.
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HDL
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Picks up excess and returns it to the
liver, to prevent harm.
NUTRIENTS
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Protein
● Are nutrients that help build,
repair, and maintain body
tissues.
● Also are a source of energy.
● Examples: Complete and
incomplete
PROTEIN
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Complete proteins
Supply all nine essential amino
acids include meat, poultry, fish,
eggs, milk products, and soy
products.
● Most Canadians get the largest
amount of their protein from
animal sources.
● Health experts recommend that
people get more of their protein
from plant sources due to the fact
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PROTEIN
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Incomplete proteins
All foods from plant sources supply
incomplete proteins (exception
soybeans).
● Incomplete proteins are lacking
one or more essential amino acids.
●
SEPT 30-OCT 2
• vitamins table (handout) p. 238-242
• vitamin/mineral video
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DJ_NN2WdJBc
~10mins
• junk food kids 2
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N42Gy-Xkky0 – junk
food kids 2
• minerals table (p. 242-247)
FINAL JEOPARDY CATEGORY - FATS
• This
is a fat-like substance present in
all body cells that is needed for many
essential body processes.
Cholesterol
VITAMINS WORKSHEET (HANDOUT)
Water-soluble Vitamins
Fat-Soluble Vitamins
Vitamin
Folate
B12
Vitamin
C
Vitamin
A
Vitamin
D
Vitamin
E
Vitamin
K
Main
Jobs
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3
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1
Foods
that
have it
1
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3
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VITAMINS
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Vitamins
● Are chemicals that help
regulate many vital processes
and aid other nutrients in their
jobs.
● Our bodies only require small
amounts.
VITAMINS
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Water-soluble vitamins
Dissolve in water
● Pass easily into the bloodstream
in the process of digestion.
● Remain in the body a short time.
● Includes Vitamin C and the eight
B Vitamins.
●
VITAMINS
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Folate
● Prevents birth defects.
● Helps the body use proteins.
● Builds red blood cells
● Green leafy vegetables, legumes, peas and
fruit.
Vitamin B12
● Helps the body use carbohydrates, fats and
proteins.
● Builds red blood cells.
● Required for a healthy nervous system.
● Meat, poultry, fish, eggs and milk products.
VITAMINS
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Vitamin C
Helps heal wounds and resist infections.
● Aids in the absorption of iron.
● Works as an antioxidant.
● Citrus fruits, cantaloupe, kiwi, mango
and strawberries.
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VITAMINS
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Fat-soluble vitamins
● Absorbed and transported by fat.
● Stored in the fat and draw on
these stores when needed.
● Includes vitamins A, D, E, and K.
VITAMINS
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Vitamin A
Aka Retinol
● Maintains healthy skin, hair,
mucous membranes, bones, and
teeth.
● Milk products, liver, foods high in
beta carotene.
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VITAMINS
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Vitamin D
● Helps your body use calcium and
phosphorous.
● Builds strong and healthy bones and teeth.
● Only vitamin manufactured by the body. The
rest are derived from food.
● Egg yolks, higher fat fish (salmon and
mackerel)
Vitamin E
● Antioxidant
● Nuts and seeds, green leafy vegetables, wheat
germ
VITAMINS
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Vitamin K
● Necessary for blood to clot
normally.
● Green leafy vegetables, fruits,
milk products, egg yolks, wheat
bran and germ.
MONSANTO IN THE NEWS...
http://www.alternet.org/environment/monsa
ntos-gmo-crops-banned-two-moreeuropean-nations - in the news - monsanto
article
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NkwMZ_
K3p9M - monsanto video - six mins
NUTRIENTS
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Minerals
Are non-living substances that help
the body work properly.
● In some cases become some of the
body tissues such as bone.
● Needed only in small amounts.
● Examples: Calcium, phosphorus,
sodium, potassium, iron, fluoride,
iodine and trace elements.
●
MINERALS
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Calcium
● Needed for muscle contraction (ex.
Heart)
● Helps build and maintain bones
● Milk products
Phosphorous
● Builds body tissues and cells
● Releases energy from carbohydrates
● Meat, poultry, milk
MINERALS
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Magnesium
● Helps nerves and muscles work normally
● Whole grain products, nuts and seeds
Iron
● Helps carry oxygen in the blood
● Helps your cells use oxygen
● Red meats, dried fruits, whole grains
Iodine
● Responsible for the body’s use of energy
● Iodized salt
MINERALS
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Copper
● Helps iron make RBC
● Helps the heart work properly
● Organ meats, nuts and seeds
Zinc
● Fights infection
● Affects taste and smell
● Meat, whole grains
Fluoride
● Strengthen teeth and prevent cavities
● Water
MINERALS
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Sodium
● Maintain fluid balance
● Helps with muscle contraction
● Table salt
Chloride
● Fluid balance and nerve signals
● Table salt
Potassium
● Fluid balance, heart beat
● Bananas and oranges
NUTRIENTS
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Water
● Is essential to life.
● It makes up most of your
body weight.
NUTRIENT COLLAGE
(PICMONKEY.COM)
• pick your topic from the list
• find pics/quotes/facts & save to your
U:drive
• import them to your collage - minimum of
6
• edit collage (background, framing, etc)
• save and send collage
ASSIGNMENT #1
• Create
a collage that shows the role of
a specific nutrient in our diet.
• Points to include:
●Function of the nutrient
●Food sources
• Pick 2 of these to include
●Recommended Daily Intakes
●Deficiency or Excess
●Any other pertinent information.
TOPICS
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Folic Acid
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Vitamin B12 •
Vitamin C
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Vitamin A
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Vitamin D
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Vitamin E
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Vitamin K
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Calcium
Phosphorous•
Magnesium
Iron
Fluoride
Cholesterol
Complete proteins
Incomplete proteins
Complex carbohydrates
Sodium/potassium/chlor
ide
JOURNAL #2
• Page
262 #1, 3 and 6.
WHY WE SCARE HUNGER?
Journal #3 - Write a paragraph answering the following questions:
What do you know about food banks? Who do you think uses food banks?
What is your opinion on food banks (should we have them, are they
worthwhile, etc?) Why?
What are some reasons why people
struggle to make ends meet?
• Loss of a good job quickly - quality of life changes
• Seasonal employment/part time jobs - Cost of
living too high
• Don’t have the skills for high paying jobs
• On old age/Disability pensions that don’t cover
basic needs
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X0GB_YDamjQ
• Inadequate social programs for people in hard
times (EI benefits/welfare)
• no benefits (i.e., medical)
WE SCARE HUNGER - FOOD BANKS
841,191
• Canadian food banks serve __________
people each
month (~14 million visits a year)
Scotia
• That’s almost the population of Nova
________.
• 37
__% of those are children.
• Hunger is seen as an issue that affects only the
homeless
________
• 1.4
__million Canadians used food banks in 2014.
85,000
• In a given month, more than _____Canadians use a
food bank for the first time.
47
• __% of children in Northern Canada don’thttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fT
know where
their next meal is coming from.
hTq9qBHQ8&list=PL5mZQ-iBurpCHWiqqvVCaQWp_JiaNfCY&ind
ex=4 - Food Bank Usage on the Rise
in Canada (2:25)
WHO DO YOU THINK USES FOOD
BANKS?
• People who access food banks
come from all walks of life.
• Some people need support
over longer periods
• most require help only
occasionally or for a short
period of time.
IMPACTS OF FOOD BANKS ON
CHILDREN
• Hunger leads to long-term health conditions,
especially in young children
• Hunger is also a barrier to academic success.
• A food package may make the difference for a
family trying to get back on their feet after a crisis.
• It can mean that a child doesn’t go to bed hungry,
or doesn’t get sick and miss school due an illness
caused by lack of adequate nutrition.
http://ntv.ca/food-bank-runs-low-after-canada-post-opts-out-of-food-drive/ - Food bank runs low after Canada Post opts out of food drive (2:47)
http://ntv.ca/st-johns-city-hall-launches-food-drive-to-overcome-food-bank-shortfall/ - St. John's City Hall launches food drive to overcome food bank shortfall (u
1:53)
http://globalnews.ca/video/1737386/makeshift-food-drive-in-newfoundland-town - Makeshift food drive in Newfoundland town (1:58)
JOURNAL 3B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=
3iskVBOYfOU&index=5&list=PL5m
ZQ-iBurpCHWiqqvVCaQWp_JiaNfCY Britian’s Hidden Hungry - 54 mins
What do you know now that you didn’t know
before about food banks? Has your opinion
changed on the use/relevance of food banks?
Explain.
NOV 2-6
Finish Britian’s Hidden Hungry and 3B
Journal #4 Page 391, question #8
Nutritional supplement notes
supplement worksheet
Review games - vitamins and minerals
Test date - Friday, November 6
NUTRIENT SUPPLEMENTS
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Taking a daily vitamin/mineral
supplement is common among
Canadians.
•
However, eating a healthy diet is MORE
important than taking antioxidants,
vitamins, and minerals in pill or powder
form.
Healthy foods have much more to offer
than supplements alone.
•
•
Handout: “Should I be taking a vitamin & mineral supplement?”
NUTRIENT SUPPLEMENTS
VS
NON-NUTRIENT SUPPLEMENTS
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Nutrient supplements:
● vitamins and other nutrients that
may not be necessary for healthy
adults with an adequate intake of
proper nutrients, but are necessary
in other circumstances.
● Vitamins, minerals and protein
powders.
NUTRIENT SUPPLEMENTS
VS
NON-NUTRIENT SUPPLEMENTS
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Non-nutrient
supplements:
● Are substances
that are found
in food that
could
potentially
affect human
health.
● Glucosamine,
Echinacea, etc.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QM3lMKoT6U
0 - what are antioxidents? 2:30 mins
NUTRIENT SUPPLEMENTS
It is hard to tell
sometimes when
researching
information on
nutritional
supplements
whether the
information online
is true and reliable
• ***
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JKU0MkqNAN0
also mentioned - probiotics and antioxidents
QUESTIONS
•
1. Why do
pregnant women
take folic acid?
•
2. What is
vitamin D? Why
is it important?
•
3. What is
vitamin B12?
•
4. What vitamins
do vegans require
above and beyond
non-vegans?
•
5. What should
you consider
when choosing a
supplement?
JOURNAL ENTRY #4
Page 391, question #8
• Your friend Amy is thinking
about using a supplement
because she often skips lunch.
Where can Amy get advice
on using a supplement?
What questions should she
ask? p. 382-83
•