Transcript Gujarati: endearment for "father

INDIA
So much more than the Taj Mahal
WHAT DO YOU KNOW
ABOUT INDIA?
1. What is the capital city?
2. Can you name any other cities?
3. What is the dominant language?
4. What is the dominant religion?
5. What 2 other modern nearby countries used to be part
of India?
6. Who was Gandhi?
QUICK FACTS
• Population: 1.25 billion
• Capital city: New Delhi
• Largest city: Mumbai
• Four religions—Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and
Sikhism—originated here
• Hindi is the official language of the government, English
is used extensively in business and administration
• India is made
up of 29 states
and 7 territories
• There are 53
cities with
populations
over 1
million
RELIGIONS IN INDIA
• Over 150
languages
spoken
BRIEF HISTORY
• First Indian civilization began
2,600 BC in the Indus valley
• At various points, the Persians,
Alexander the Great, the
Turks, the Huns, conquered
parts of India
• There were several empires,
such as the Mauryan Empire,
the Gupta Empire, the
Vijayangar Empire, and the
greatest was the Mughal
Empire
• Colonized by the English,
Dutch, Portuguese
• Controlled by the East
India Company until the
British took over in 1858
• The time of British rule is
called the British Raj
• Partition of Bengal in 1905
(called East Pakistan)
• Amristar massacre in
1919, where British soldiers
fired into a crowd at a
political protest. 379
people died.
• Mohandas Gandhi lead a peaceful independence
movement, he lead the famous Salt Marsh of 1930
• 1947 – India becomes independent, Pakistan
partitioned off
• India fought brief wars with China and Pakistan in the
1960s
• 1984 some Sikh separatists assassinated the Prime
Minister, Indira Gandhi (no relation to Mahatma
Gandhi)
• India has become very prosperous in the last 20 years
• 1869-1948
MOHANDAS GANDHI
• He led India to
independence and
inspired movements for
civil rights and freedom
across the world
• Assassinated in 1948
• He was called
• Mahatma (Sanskrit:
"venerable“)
• Bapu (Gujarati:
endearment for "father“)
• Gandhiji
• The Father of the Nation
WEIRD FACTS
• India has a space program
• India is the largest producer of films in the world
• 70% of the world’s spices come from India
• There is a vigilante group called the “Love
Commandos” that offer protection from harassment to
couples from different castes who fall in love
• The world’s largest gathering of humans is the Kumbh
Mela: a mass Hindu pilgrimage in which Hindus gather
to bathe in a sacred river. It happens every 12 years
and about 100 million people attend.
BOLLYWOOD
• Hindu film industry based in Mumbai
• The name comes from “Hollywood” and “Bombay”, the
former name of Mumbai
KUMBH
MELA
• You can see it
from space!
TOURISM IN INDIA
• Tourism generated $120
billion, 6.3% of the
nation's GDP in 2015
• It supported 37 million
jobs - 8.7% of its total
employment
• Its infrastructure is
improving (roads, air
travel) but is lacking in
other areas: not as many
hotel rooms as needed,
not as many ATMs as
needed
WHAT’S THERE TO SEE IN INDIA
Um, everything
MEENAKSHI AMMAN TEMPLE,
MADURAI
• One of the
biggest temples in
India, 15,000
people a day
• In the middle of a
large complex,
which included
shrines and an
area which was
used to train
parrots to call out
the name
‘Meenakshi’
GOLDEN TEMPLE, AMRITSAR
• A Sikh temple known for
its distinct gold covered
dome and walls
KASHI VISHVANATHA TEMPLE
• It is covered with some
very erotic statues, you
can Google it yourself,
because I’m not showing
those to you
OTHER COOL TEMPLES
HOLY CITY OF VARANASI
• Situated on the banks of
the River Ganges,
Varanasi is sacred to
Hindus, Buddhists and
Jains
• Is one of the oldest
continuously inhabited
cities in the world.
• In many ways Varanasi
epitomizes the very best
and worst aspects of
India, and it can be a
little overwhelming
RED FORT, DELHI
• Built by the same Shah
Jahan who built the Taj
Mahal
GOA
• A small Indian state with
a high quality of life, high
GDP
• Former Portuguese
colony
• Known for its beautiful
beaches
LAKE PALACE
• The Lake Palace in Lake
Pichola in the city of
Udaipur was built as a
royal summer palace in
the 18th century.
• Today it is a luxury 5 Star
hotel
• The palace became
famous in 1983 when it
was featured in the
James Bond film
Octopussy
• Voted the most romantic
hotel in the world
KANHA NATIONAL PARK
• Kanha National Park is
among the most
beautiful wildlife reserves
in Asia and one of best
places to catch a
glimpse of a tiger in India.
• It provided inspiration to
Rudyard Kipling for his
famous novel “Jungle
Book”
• One of the top
attractions in India
JAISALMER
• Close to the border with Pakistan, Jaisalmer is the
quintessential desert town.
• The yellow sandstone walls of the “Golden City” rise from the
Thar desert while the Jaisalmer Fort crowns the city.
• Uncontrolled commercialism has dampened the romantic
vision of Jaisalmer, but even with all the touts and tour buses,
it remains one of the most popular tourist attractions in India.
AJANTA CAVES
• The Ajanta Caves are rockcut cave monuments dating
from the 2th century BC.
• They were abandoned
around 650 AD and
forgotten until 1819, when a
British hunting party
stumbled upon them.
• Their isolation contributed to
the fine state of preservation
in which some of their
paintings remain to this day.
VALLEY OF FLOWERS NATIONAL PARK
• Located in West
Himalaya
• Known for its meadows of
endemic alpine flowers
and the variety of flora.
• This richly diverse area is
also home to rare and
endangered animals,
including the Asiatic
black bear, snow
leopard, musk deer,
brown bear, red fox, and
blue sheep
JAIPUR
• The “Pink City”
• This colour is so significant
to the heritage of the city
that it is enforced under
local law
• The city was painted pink
because the local
maharajah wanted to
impress visiting Prince
Albert
JODHPUR
• The capital and largest
city of the Indian state of
Rajasthan
• Many of the houses are
painted blue to keep the
homes cool in the
scorching heat
NEW DELHI
• Although Delhi and New
Delhi are often casually
used interchangeably,
these are two distinct
entities
• A huge, sprawling,
metropolitan city of 15
million people
MUMBAI
• It has India’s most prolific
film industry, some of
Asia’s biggest slums (as
well as the world’s most
expensive home) and the
largest tropical forest in
an urban zone. Mumbai
is India’s financial
powerhouse, fashion
epicentre and a pulse
point of religious tension.
• It’s even evolved its own
language, Bambaiyya
Hindi, which is a mix
of…everything.
WELL, YES, THE TAJ MHAL
• A marble mausoleum in the city of Agra
• Built in 1632-53 by the Mughal emperor, Shah Jahan to
house the tomb of his favorite wife, Mumtaz Mahal.
• Many of the walls are covered with ornate calligraphy
or semi-precious gemstones
• The Taj Mahal is known for its changing colours
• It changes color at different times of the day
• Pinkish in the morning, milky white in the evening,
golden in moonlight