Transcript File

India
Indo-Aryans,
Hinduism and
Buddhism
4-2
Indo Arians
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The first people to migrate
into India after the decline
of the Harappan civilization
were the Indo Arians.
With them they brought a
very rigid caste system,
based off of heredity.
Their caste system
controlled almost every
aspect of peoples lives.
Their caste determined
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occupation (job)
who they could marry
how they would be treated
in public.
Caste System
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Caste names and descriptions
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Brahman – Priests
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Kshatriya – Warriors / Rulers / Land owners
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Vaishya – Merchants
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Shudra – Artisans and Farmers
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Harijans (untouchables) – Outcastes
Hinduism
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Hinduism is monotheistic,
but seems polytheistic.
 They recognize one
supreme deity, but also
believe in other gods,
which are
manifestations of the
one supreme deity.
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Brahma is the Hindu God
Maya – The belief that the
world we see is an illusion
 You may only reach
salvation by rejecting
maya, which may take
several lifetimes
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Shiva - One of the main Deities of Hinduism,
worshipped as the paramount lord by the
Saivite sects of India. Shiva is one of the most
complex gods of India, embodying seemingly
contradictory qualities. He is the destroyer and
the restorer, the great ascetic and the symbol
of sensuality, the benevolent herdsman of
souls and the wrathful avenger.
Ganesha - The son of Shiva and Parvati,
Ganesha has an elephantine countenance with
a curved trunk and big ears, and a huge potbellied body of a human being. He is the Lord
of success and destroyer of evils and
obstacles. He is also worshipped as the god of
education, knowledge, wisdom and wealth. In
fact, Ganesha is one of the five prime Hindu
deities (Brahma, Vishnu, Shiva and Durga
being the other four) whose idolatry is glorified
as the panchayatana puja.
Hinduism
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Reincarnation – Your soul being reborn in
another human body, or even an animal.
Dharma – Doing ones moral duty in life
Karma - The good or bad force created by a
person’s actions.
Moksha (Nirvana) – The perfect spiritual resting
place.
Hinduism
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If you do your Dharma, you will have
good Karma, which leads to Nirvana.
Buddhism
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Buddhism was founded by
a man named Siddhartha
Gautama.
He was unhappy with the
Hindu religion, and the
harsh realities of life.
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Left his royal life
After meditating, fasting
and practicing yoga for six
years Siddhartha Gautama
said he understood the
truth that forms the basis
of life, and became
Buddha.
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Buddha – The Enlightened
One
Buddhism
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Buddha then spent
the rest of his life
teaching others his
enlightened
thoughts.
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Specifically through the
Four Noble Truths and
the Eight Fold Path.
Four Noble Truths & The Eightfold Path
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All human life involves
suffering and sorrow
The desire for a life of
pleasure and material gain
causes suffering and
sorrow
Renouncing desire frees
people from suffering and
helps their souls attain
nirvana
The Eightfold Path leads to
renunciation, or denial of
desire and attainment of
nirvana.
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Right Views - seeing life as it
really is.
Right Intentions - living a life of
good will; striving toward
perfection.
Right Speech - avoiding lies and
gossip.
Right Action - trying to be lawabiding and honest.
Right Living - avoiding work that
harms others
Right Effort - seeking to prevent
evil.
Right Mindfulness - constant
awareness of one’s self.
Right Concentration - directing
the mind in meditation.
All human life involves
suffering and sorrow
I agree with this “Noble Truth.”
At some point in every persons
life they will (somehow) be
subjected to some kind of
suffering or sorrow (something
that makes them sad.) This
could be anything from the loss
of a loved one, to the loss of a
job. Personally, I like the point
that this truth is emphasizing,
suffering and sorrow are
unfortunate truths in the reality
of life.
Right Speech avoiding lies and
gossip I believe that this part of the
Eightfold Path has a lot of
relevance in today’s society.
I have seen many people
hurt, and reputations
damaged, by malicious lies
and gossip.
National Geographic Cremation
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https://www.youtube.
com/watch?v=QFNKd
MSl2A0