Transcript India and Hinduism - MYP World History

Do Now: FINISH YOUR
MAPS! DON’T FORGET
RIVERS
29. Bhutan 2. Lebanon 4. Jordan 11. Syria 14.
Macau 13. Hong Kong 44 Singapore
18. Russia 23. Bahrain 8. Qatar 46. Brunei 3.
Israel
13. Hong Kong 37. Taiwan 1. Turkey 7. UAE
HIYOOOOOOOOO!!!
AGENDA
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1. FINISH MAP
2. Koala Ball Review
3. Mini-lecture Hinduism
4. Sacred Cow
Learning Target: SWBAT
explain and describe the central
tenants of Hinduism.
Language Target: SWBAT
describe, in writing the meaning
of: Caste System, Karma,
Dharma, and Reincarnation.
WHAT IS this? WHY DOES IT
MATTER?
How many people are there in
the World?
What are the five major
religions that began in Asia?
MAP QUIZ!
Notes!
• Journal Entry 29 Title Free space
• Journal Entry 30 Title Unit 4 Day 2
Hinduism
Cornell Notes: Essential
Question
India and Hinduism
How has Hinduism influenced the
development of society in India?
Turn and Talk…what do you
already know about India?
A Super Quick History of
India!
Yay!
Indian Timeline
• 10,000 years ago
– First civilizations
• 5,000 years ago
– 400 thriving cities (agrarian) uniform in design and
architecture
• 3,500 years ago
– Aryans come to town
Why Belief Systems Matter…
• The study of Religion in social
studies is NOT important because of
the historical facts that substantiate
it…religion is important to our
investigation because people
BELIEVE that its teachings are true
and act accordingly.
• As you will see, this is PARTICULARLY
important in the study and
understanding of INDIA.
Intro to Hinduism
• Hinduism is the world's third most popular religion,
with around 900 million followers.
• Those who follow this faith are known as Hindus.
About 80% of the population of India regard
themselves as Hindus.
• No founder, single teacher, nor prophets.
• Not a single unified religion.
• Hindus have a deep respect for nature, life and all
living things! (Especially Cows.)
Hinduism Shaped India’s
Culture
• The earliest records of Hinduism are Aryan
– When the Aryans migrated to India they
brought a rich collection of myths (tales of
their many gods)
– Everything in nature was believed to be
holy
– Offerings of food and drink were made to
the gods
Hindu Gods
• Hindu’s believe the one true reality is Brahman---the
mighty spirit that creates and destroys life
• Hindus believe that everything is cyclic. The
universe has been created, sustained, and
destroyed many times.
• There are three major expressions of Brahman
who rule over these manifestations of the
universe:
– 1 Brahman, who created the world
– 2 Vishnu, who sustains the universe for 432
million human years
– 3 Shiva, who destroys the universe. This
begins the cycle again.
Brahman: Universal Spirit and
creator of the universe
Vishnu: Has a kindly nature and is thought to try
and ensure the welfare of all humanity
Shiva: Shiva is aloof from people. He is sometimes pictured meditating
alone. Shiva has a third eye of higher consciousness or wisdom located in his
forehead. He has great power and is beyond the distinctions of good and
evil. He can be loving. He saves man by "drinking" (removing) man's sins,
hence Shiva's throat is blue.
So…what do we need to know
about Hinduism in order to
understand Indian History?
I. Reincarnation
What is
Reincarnation?
• Hindus believe in
Reincarnation.
• Reincarnation: From the
Sanskrit word samsura,
meaning cycle of births and
deaths. The belief that the
individual soul is reborn in a
different form after death.
• Depending on how you live
your life, you may be reborn
into a better or worse position.
II. Caste System
What is
Caste
System?
• Caste System: A set
of rigid social
categories that
determined a person’s
place in society
• Your place in society
is determined by how
well you have lived in
previous lives.
II. The Caste System
• According to hindu beliefs four different
groups of people were created from the body
of a Hindu god
– Brahmins were created from the god’s mouth--they became the priestly class and the highest
group in Indian society
– The Kshatriyas came from the god’s arms---they
became the rulers and warriors
– The Vaishyas were created from the god’s legs--they became the landowners, merchants,
artisans, or farmers
– The Shudras came from the god’s feet---they
were servants or slaves
• Draw
this
…Kshatriyas…
The Caste System
• There ended up being hundreds of
different groups and these divisions in
society became more and more defined
over time
• Each group eventually had its own
occupation which was passed down
from parent to child
The Caste System
• People only ate with and married within their
own group
• Purity (the meaning of castes) became key to
ranking casts---the higher your cast, the purer
you were and to associate with someone
from a lower class risked contamination to
your purity
The Caste System
• The very lowest group in society were those
people outside the caste system altogether--the outcastes or untouchables---who were
completely separated from the rest of society
• Hinduism explained that your placement in a
caste depended on your actions in your
previous lives---Brahmins had committed no
bad deeds while untouchables had
III. Karma
• One's next birth is
determined by the KARMA
of previous births.
• Hindus believed in an
ethical law of cause and
effect called karma
– Moral behavior in one life
guaranteed rebirth in a higher
caste
– Immoral behavior
automatically dropped a
reborn soul to a lower caste
IV. Dharma
• To earn good rebirth a
person had to be a good
member of his or her caste
– Each caste had its particular
duty or set of obligations
called dharma
– The individual’s wishes did
not matter
– It was better to do your duty
badly than to do someone
else’s duty well
Hinduism Activity #1: The
Sacred Cow
INTRODUCTION: All Hindus avoid eating beef because they treat the cow with both honor and respect. It is
estimated that 40,000 cows wander the streets of New Delhi being patted by each person they meet. They
amble slowly crossing highways or relax in the middle of the road if they feel so inclined. While all animals
are considered sacred, the cow has been singled out as especially sacred because they:
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Have given years of faithful service in helping humans grow crops and pull carts.
They provide humans with food, milk.
They provide humans with fuel, in the form of cow dung, to heat their homes and cook their food.
In Hindu mythology the cow was created by Brahman (Hindu God) on the same day as Brahmins (the
highest social class). Thus the cow is the most sacred animal.
The cow, because it provides milk for its entire life, is considered a symbol of motherhood and life.
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Directions: Today you’ll create your own Sacred Cow! Yeah Cow! Yeah! Using the above information as
well as information contained on pgs 36-39 in your textbook, include the following visuals and information:
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Definitions of the major hindu beliefs: Caste System, Karma, Dharma, Reincarnation.
A symbol or artwork that signifies the cycle of life, death, and rebirth. (Samsura)
The 5 to 10 most sacred things in your life should be included somewhere within the body of the
cow.
3 reasons, either written or depicted with visuals, of why the cow is sacred to Hindus.
The word: Hinduism
The name of your sacred cow!
Color and artwork that makes your cow not only sacred, but downright stylish.
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FINAL-Turn in your cow!
MOOOOOOOOOO
OOOOO!!!!!
Thank you for
creating me!