Transcript Transaction Processing Systems, and Management Information

Transaction Processing Systems, &
Management Information Systems
Outline
Transaction Processing System (TPS)
Management Information System (MIS)
Data model/diagram (see next class Tutorial)
Database (relational database concepts)
Database Management System (DBMS)
Structured Query Language
TPS & MIS
Information Systems for Management
Transaction Processing System (TPS)
TPS is a type of IS that manages data created
in everyday operations. This includes storing,
formatting, processing, retrieving, and creating
some new aggregate data.
Examples: purchasing transactions, sales
orders, sales transactions, payroll, employee
data, inventory
Records daily, routine activities
Serves supervisory level of management
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Management Information Systems (MIS)
IS that generates reports on transpired business operations for
mid-level management.
Also called administrative system (used for “administration”) or
reporting system (main function).
Uses outputs from TPS
Reports are scheduled (routine) or exception reports
Focused on internal events in an organization
Serves mid-level management level
Paper
TPS
TPS & MIS
Query &
Report
Module
Reports
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Computer
Screen
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Database
Both TPS and MIS build on databases and associated DBMS.*
Practically: database=TPS, query+reports atop database=MIS
Database is a collection of data that are formatted in a certain
way (e.g., in tables).
Example: Database in systems for: student registration, course
records, parking reservation, dorms management, etc.
* DBMS = Database Management System, software for making database, queries
and reports (see later).
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Relational* Database
Most used type of database today
Data (text, numbers, currency, time) are formatted into tables
(technically called “relations”, hence the term “relational”)
Table = Collection of columns and rows. Concepts:
Column = Attribute (e.g., customer number)
Row = Set of attributes (customer number + name + …)
Each row identified by an attribute that must have a unique value
in each row  key attribute (primary key, key)
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Relational Database
– Primary Key & Foreign Key
Primary Key (Key) is
the attribute that
uniquely identifies
each row in a table.
Foreign Key is
the attribute that
is the key in another
table.
Tables linked via keys & foreign keys
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Database Management System (DBMS)
Software for creating database, storing, retrieving and overall
management of data (e.g., Microsoft Access)*
Input
forms
Reports
Database
TPS or MIS (when
Reports included)
DBMS
DBMS Components (some):
Search engine – runs SQL queries against a database
Report writer – usually uses queries to create reports for users
Data dictionary - defines each data attribute (storage, text/numeric or other data type)
Access management (who accesses what data)
Security functions (recovery after system crash)
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Structured Query Language (SQL)
Syntax and rules (commands) for searching relational
databases. Can also be used for entering and changing data,
and other tasks.
Easier to learn than programming languages
SQL Query:
Select lists desired columns from desired table(s)
From identifies tables from which to select columns
Where conditions for search are
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Retrieve (Search) Data with SQL
SELECT Part.Part_Name, Supplier.Supplier_Name,
Supplier.Supplier_Address
FROM Part, Supplier
WHERE Part.Supplier_Number=Supplier.Supplier_Number AND
Part_Number=137 OR Part_Number=152 (*)
Output: A list with names of parts tracked under numbers 137 and
152 (keys), along with supplier names and addresses
Data is stored in tables Part and Supplier, which are linked via the
Supplier_Number (key in Supplier table, and foreign key in Part table)
• Access provides a facility for easy search without writing SQL.
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