Transcript Managing Data

Managing Data
All the value of this company is in its
people. If you burned down all our plants,
and we just kept our people and our
information files, we should soon be as
strong as ever.
Thomas Watson, Jr. Former chairman of IBM
Individual data management
Internal memory is limited
External memory extends internal
memory
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Calendar
Organizing principles
Set amount of space
Ordering
Rapid access
December 25, 1852
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Breakfast on the veranda
Read newspapers
Open gifts
Check lunch preparations
Pre-lunch drinks
Christmas lunch
Afternoon nap
Drive to club
Christmas dinner
Port and cigars
© 1803, The Expeditioner, London
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Address book
Organizing principles
Pre-formatted storage
space
Ordering
Rapid access
K-L
Name
Address
Rudyard Kipling
PO Kyhber Pass
Northwest Frontier
India
Name
Address
Jack London
PO Klondike
Alaska
K
L
Name
Address
Name
Address
© 1815, The Expeditioner, London
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To do list
To Be Done This Week
Organizing principles
Structure
Rapid scan support
Action List
√
Explore Nile
Shoot crocodile
Write journal
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Unwrap mummy
© 1823, The Expeditioner, London
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Comparison of data
management systems
Internal
Small
Fast
Convenient
External
Large
Slow
Not as convenient
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Organizational data
management
Organizations, like people, need to
remember things
Deciding where and how to store data
frequently involves a trade-off
Organizational data are used by a
variety of information systems
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Types of information systems
Type of IS
System's purpose
TPS
Collects and stores data from routine transactions
MIS
Converts data from a TPS into information for
planning, controlling, and managing an organization
DSS
Supports managerial decision making by providing
models for processing and analysing data
EIS
Provides senior management with information
necessary to monitor organizational performance,
and develop and implement strategies
OLAP
Presents a multidimensional, logical view of data
Data mining
Uses statistical analysis and artificial intelligence
techniques to identify hidden relationships in data
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The information systems
cycle
Remembering the past
(databases and data warehouse)
Tr ans ac t i ons
Da t a
People
&
technology
Handling the
present
(TPS)
New business systems
Preparing for the
future
(MIS, EIS, DSS, OLAP,
data mining)
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Attributes of a data
management system
Shareable
Transportable
Secure
Accurate
Timely
Relevant
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Components of
organizational memory
Role
Position
Culture
Social network
People
Table
Text
Document
Organizational
memory
Image
Graphic
Audio
Video
Multimedia
Model
Knowledge
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People
The linchpin
Create, maintain, evolve, and use
organizational memory
Role and position
Organizational culture
Social networks
Standard operating procedures
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Tables
Product
Pocket knife - Nile
Compass
Geo positioning system
Map measure
Price
4.50
10.00
500.00
4.90
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Documents
Reports
Manuals
Brochures
Memos
Word processing files
Hypertext
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Multimedia
Images
Graphics
Audio
Video
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Models
Decision support systems
Mathematical models
Spreadsheets
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Knowledge
Expert systems
Rules
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Decisions
Decision making is the central activity
of modern organizations
Minutes of a meeting
Usually not an audit trail of decisions
Reusable decisions
Take advantage of past deliberations
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Specialized memories
Smells
Colors
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External memories
External to the organization
Information services
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Problems with data
management systems
Redundancy
Lack of data control
Poor interface
Delays
Lack of reality
Lack of data integration
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Data management
systems timeline
Object-oriented DBMS
Relational DBMS
Network DBMS
Hierarchical DBMS
File systems
1950
1960
1970
1980
1990
2000
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Data, information & knowledge
Data
Raw, unsummarized, and unanalyzed facts
Information
Data processed into a meaningful form
One person's information can be another's data
Knowledge
Knowing what information is required
Knowing what the information means
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Data, information & knowledge
Knowledge
Data
Conversion
Request
Interpretation
Decision
Information
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