Transcript Java and the World Wide Web

Java and the
World Wide Web
A Workshop for the ACM/JETT Conference
May 16th, 2003
Led by Morgan C. Benton ([email protected])
Agenda
Brief Java Overview
 Java on the Web
 Examples

An Applet
 A JavaServer Page (JSP)

Java, the Web, and the Classroom
 Q&A

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©2003 Morgan C. Benton
What is Java?

Interpreted not Compiled

Platform Independent
“Write once. Run anywhere.”

Object Oriented

“Easy” to learn
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©2003 Morgan C. Benton
Java on the Web


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Primarily two ways it’s used:

Applets

JavaServer Pages (JSP)
Other uses/terms:

JavaServlets

JavaBeans

Stand alone applications
©2003 Morgan C. Benton
HTML: The Static,
Non-Interactive Web

HTML:
Basic skill for web developers
 Designed for presenting information
 Doesn’t support dynamic pages


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(Recommendation: Encourage students to learn the
HTML 4.01 standard, or even better XHTML 1.0.
See http://www.w3.org for details.)
©2003 Morgan C. Benton
!JavaScript.equals(Java)
(or in C++, JavaScript != Java)
Almost no connection
 Some shared syntax
 Name remnant of business alliance
between Netscape and Sun
 Also a basic skill for web developers
 Complementary to JSP, and to a
lesser extent Applets

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©2003 Morgan C. Benton
Server-side vs. Client-side
Servers
Clients
JSP
Database
+
DBMS
Security
Mechanism
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Applets
Data
Storage
©2003 Morgan C. Benton
Applets
Basically a Java application that runs
within a browser
 Code is interpreted on the client-side
by JVM within the browser
 Limitations (by design):

Limited file system access
 Limited network access
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©2003 Morgan C. Benton
JSP
For building Web Applications
 Code is compiled and run on the
server  HTML is sent to browser
 Major player in server-side scripting
market
 Widely used and supported

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©2003 Morgan C. Benton
JSP Pros and Cons

Pros

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Runs on variety of
(sometimes free)
web servers
Large developer
community
At least as
powerful as
competitors
Multi-threading
©2003 Morgan C. Benton
Cons


Configuration of
web server can be
tricky
Steep learning
curve for nonprogrammers, but
not any more than
any other serverside technology
JSP vs. ASP vs. PHP vs. CF
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ASP.NET (Active Server Pages)

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PHP (PHP Hypertext Preprocessor)
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Open source, free, huge community
ColdFusion (from Macromedia)
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Microsoft technology with wide use and
support, code in VBscript (or JavaScript)
Runs only in Windows
Easiest to learn, but definitely NOT free
Strongest integration of Flash
©2003 Morgan C. Benton
Development Needs

Minimum requirements:

J2SE v 1.4.x SDK (Software Developers’ Kit)
• Current latest version 1.4.2 beta (4/16/03)
• JRE comes bundled with the SDK


Any text editor, e.g. WordPad, Emacs, etc.
In addition:

You may want a better editor/IDE, e.g.
•
•
•
•
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Sun ONE Studio 4 CE (125 MB!)
JCreator: $35, in C++ (http://www.jcreator.com/)
jEdit: free, open source (http://www.jedit.org/)
BlueJ: free, designed for teaching! (http://www.bluej.org)
©2003 Morgan C. Benton
Hosting Needs (for JSP)
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Web Server:
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Application Server:
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IIS: comes with Win2k/XP Pro
Apache
Sun ONE Application Server (PE)
Tomcat (http://jakarta.apache.org/tomcat/)
Resin (http://www.caucho.com/)
JRun
Sun ONE Application Server (PE)
©2003 Morgan C. Benton
Let’s build some apps!

Here’s an example:
Applet
 JSP Page
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©2003 Morgan C. Benton
Java, the Web, and the
Classroom

Web Development requires some
understanding of all of the following:

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Programming Concepts: control and data
structures, algorithms
Networking and protocols
Client-server architecture
HTML, CSS, and JavaScript
Interface Design/Usability Design
Databases
Teamwork/Team management
©2003 Morgan C. Benton
How do I teach this?

Recommendations:
Don’t be afraid to say “I don’t know,
but let’s find out.”
 Encourage/Support/Reward
resourcefulness and self-teaching
 Competitive Project Teams
 Consultant-Client approach
 Solicit colleagues or clubs for real
systems to build

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©2003 Morgan C. Benton
Resources
This list has zero pretensions to
exhaustiveness 
 Sun’s Java Site
http://java.sun.com

Developer.com’s Gamelan Site
http://www.developer.com/java/

BlueJ
http://www.bluej.org/
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©2003 Morgan C. Benton
Q&A

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Comments, questions, suggestions,
experiences, reactions, feedback or
anything you’d like to say.
©2003 Morgan C. Benton
Thank You!
Morgan Benton
[email protected]
Office: (973)596-5291