Transcript Web_App_Servers

Comp2513
Web/Application Servers
Daniel L. Silver, Ph.D.
Objectives
To cover basic material on HTTP and Java
Application Servers
 To introduce J2EE - a more powerful
middleware
 To discuss the leading application servers
on the market
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2002
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Outline
The Apache HTTP server
 Java application servers
 The need for more powerful middleware
 J2EE
 A comparision of the leading application
servers on the market
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Evolution on the Web
Processes
Functionality
Transactions
App.
Servers
Web-enabled
applicatons
Interactivity CGI Servers
Dynamic web pages
Publishing HTTP Servers
Static web pages
Time or Maturity
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The Apache HTTP Server
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What is unique about the development of Apache?
See www.apache.org
– What other software system shares this characteristic?
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First created in 1995 by Rob McCool, NCSA
Survey says: 63% of the HTTP server market
Available for Unix, Linux, Windows (NT, 98)
Homework: Where did it get its name?
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The Apache HTTP Server
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Architecture:
– Modular in nature
– Promotes slim and simple configurations
– Modules can be compiled and loaded as needed such as
» Core - core apache features – required!
» mod_access, mod_auth - administration of host and user group
access
» mod_action, mod_cgi - Action on requested CGI script files
» mod_asis - “as is” delivery of certain file types (e.g. *.txt)
» mod-alias - Access to directories not in the apache root
» mod_usretrack -User tracking via cookies
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Apache HTML Processing
Client
http://eagle.acadiau.ca/store15/index.html
HTTP
admin
Browser
Internet
Apache
HTTP Server
http/https
../store15/index.html
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Apache CGI Processing
Client
http://eagle.acadiau.ca/store15/cgi-bin/Hello.cgi
HTTP
admin
Browser
Internet
http/https
Apache
HTTP Server
mod.CGI
../store15/cgi-bin/Hello.cgi
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Unix
Op. sys.
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Java Application Servers
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Application servers were created originally to field
multiple simultaneous CGI requests, the divide
and conquer approach
Java servlets were introduced by Sun as a method
of providing the benefits of server-side processing
while taking advantage of many great Java
characteristics:
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Developers new the langauge
Simple to understand
There were lost of objects and methods already written
Code was portable to many different servers (JVM)
Faster than CGIs
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Tomcat Java Servlet Processing
http://eagle.acadiau.ca/store15/servlet/FirstServlet
Client
Tomcat
admin
Browser
Internet
HTTP Server
Tomcat
Java App.
Server
Java Bean
FirstServlet.class
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Tomcat JSP Processing
Client
http://eagle.acadiau.ca/store15/index.jsp
E-Comm DB
Browser
Internet
Tomcat
Java App.
Server
HTTP Server
Class DB
../store15/index.jsp
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Store category
or product data
Java Bean
Pointer to internal .class file
for index.jsp
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The E-Business Architecture
Partners, Suppliers
PM
SupCM
Employees
KM
ERP
Stakeholders
Middleware
A new era of
Cross-Functional
Integrated
Applications
SellCM
CRM
Customers, Distributors
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Constructing the E-Business
Architecture
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A New Era of Cross-Functional Integrated
Applications
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CRM = Customer Relationship Management
ERP = Enterprise Resource Planning
SupCM = Supply Chain Management
SellCM = Selling Chain Management
PM = Procurement (Operational Resource)
Management
– KM = Knowledge Management (DW/Analytics)
– Middleware = Integration Applications
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The Need for More Powerful
Middleware
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More efficient use of server resources
Flexibility - ever changing products, technology,
business process
Multi-channel interfaces has forced separation of:
– Customer (web) interface aspect
– Enterprise (application) interface aspects
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End-to-end transaction integrity required
Security – a primary concern
Integration – ability to integrate with other and
often older computer systems
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Java has Risen to the Challenge
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Why Java?
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Object-oriented
Platform independent
Network aware
Multi-threaded (easy to develop applications
that do two or more things at a time)
– Relatively fast learning curve
– Faster development times
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J2EE
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In 1999, Sun Microsystems announced a
comprehesive Java based middleware
architecture and technolgy called Java 2
Enterprise Edition or J2EE:
– Full server side Java standard development
platform
– Solid backend for many wireless applications
– Solid infrastructure with many commonly used
components (Java Beans … think objects)
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J2EE
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J2EE provides:
– EJB – Enterprse Java Beans, handle critical
tasks of E-commerce such as transactions and
DB access
– JSPs – Java Server Pages, brings flexibility to
user interfaces
– Java Servlets provide link between user
interface and backend enterprise applications
– JDBC – Java Database Connectivity, standard
interface for access to relational DB
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Common Characteristics of
Application Servers
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Connectivity to various applications and DBs on
various operating environments and hardware
Provides an integrated IDE for all aspects
Support for reusable distributed components
(CORBA, COM, EJB)
Performance management (load balancing,
caching, monitoring)
Robust and reliable software – redundancy,
backup/recovery
User-friendly administrative, diagnostic tools
Strong security framework
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3-Tier Architectural of Modern
Web Servers
ERP
Client 1
Browser
Client 2
HTTP
TCP/IP
Server A
Internet
HTTP
Server
Browser
Server B
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App.
Server
Database
Server
URL index.html prog2.class
prog1.cgi
Bank
Server
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The Major Application
Server Providers
BEA – WebLogic (7.0) - 24% of market
 IBM – WebSphere (4.0) – 33%
 Oracle – Oracle(Ias (1.0) – 12%
 SUN – Sun ONE (was iPlanet) – 8%
 Macromedia – ColdFusion (MX)
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Comparison of Major
Application Servers
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Refer to class handout
BEA - WebLogic (7.0)
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The most widely used server on the market
Very scalable
Bridges cap between SUN Java J2EE and MS COM
Robust features, great security framework
Support for wireless mobile clients (J2ME)
Maintenance and support is managable
Number 1 with many commercial users
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Comparison of Major
Application Servers
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IBM – WebSphere (4.0)
– Java technology based – full J2EE support
– Sophisticated integration capabilities to COM and
CORBA systems
– Scales well
– Fits well with DB2 and other IBM E-Business products
– Support for wireless mobile clients (J2ME)
– Requires greater care and feeding
– Excellent for large companies
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Comparison of Major
Application Servers
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Oracle – Oracle(Ias (1.0)
– Claim to be the worlds leading wireless mobile
application server
– J2EE and XML programming model that
radically simplifies development, installation
and management
– Well situated for wireless web apps
– Good choice for medium to large companies
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Comparison of Major
Application Servers
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SUN – Sun ONE (was iPlanet)
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Excellent scaling and robustness
Automatic failover capabilities
Integrate XML parser to facilitate B2B apps
Version 6.5 promises new developer tools and
resources
– SUN has been the Java leader on the Web
– Always worth considering
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Comparison of Major
Application Servers
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Macromedia – ColdFusion (MX)
– An easy-to-use web development environment
» Kawa (discontinued)
» Macromedia Flash MX
» Dreamweaver MX
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Uses its own powerful server-side scripting language
Has moved to the Java architecture
Also will support .NET and J2EE
Great for small to medium sized companies
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THE END
[email protected]
The E-Business Architecture
Partners, Suppliers
PM
SupCM
Employees
KM
ERP
Stakeholders
Middleware
SellCM
CRM
Customers, Distributors
2002
Daniel L. Silver
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Constructing the E-Business
Architecture

CRM = Customer Relationship
Management
– Marketing, Sales, Service
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ERP = Enterprise Resource Planning
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Forecasting and Planning
Purchasing and Material Management
Inventory Management
Finished Porduct distribution
Accounting and Finance
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Constructing the E-Business
Architecture
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SupCM = Supply Chain Management
– Market demand
– Resource and capacity constraints
– Real-time scheduling
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SellCM = Selling Chain Management
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Product Customization
Pricing, Contract and Commission Management
Quote and Proposal Generation
Promotions Management
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Constructing the E-Business
Architecture
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PM = Procurement Management
– Office Supplies, Business Travel, Entertainment,
Service contracting, IT h/w, s/w and networking
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KM = Knowledge Management (DW/Analytics)
– Data Warehousing
– Business Analytics (data mining)
– Executive Info Systems, Decision Support Systems
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Middleware = Integration Applications
– e.g. SAP (ERP) to SAS (KM)
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