Transcript World History and Geography Introduction

October 12, 2016
Bell Work
1. In 1-2 sentences explain the factors of production that helped
Great Britain during the Industrial Revolution. (Reminder
there are 3 of them)
2. In 2-3 sentences explain a couple of the reasons for the French
Revolution. (You may use your notes)
October 12, 2016
Today’s Agenda
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Begin Unification and Imperialism Unit
Vocabulary
History of Germany
History of Italy
Unification of Germany
a. Otto von Bismarck
6. Unification of Italy
a. Giuseppe Garibaldi
7. Introduction to 19th century European
Imperialism
8.
Report cards will be sent out on October
17.
October 12, 2016
Standards and Objectives
Unit: Unification and Imperialism, 1850-1914
1.
W.13 – Summarize the causes, course, and consequences of
unification in Italy and Germany including the roles of Giuseppe
Garibaldi and Otto von Bismarck
2. W.14 – Analyze the causes of 19th century European imperialism, the
role of Social Darwinism, the desire for increased political power,
and the search for natural resources and new markets as a prelude
to the Berlin Conference.
Objectives:
1. I can summarize the causes, course, and consequences of
unification in Italy and Germany.
2. I can analyze the causes of 19th century European imperialism.
3. I can describe the role of Social Darwinism.
October 12, 2016
Vocabulary
1. Unification – the process of being
unified.
2. Imperialism – extending a country’s
power through diplomacy or military
force.
3. Cause - a thing that gives rise to an
action.
4. Course - a series of acts or events.
5. Consequences – something that
happens as a result of an action.
October 12, 2016
Post Napoleon Europe
1.
Congress of Vienna had restored Europe’s borders to the pre-Napoleon
ones.
a. France was once again a monarchy and of course they revolted in
1848.
b. Austria joined with 38 German states to form the German
Confederation.
c.
Metternich, leader of the Congress, despised liberal ideals.
i. Goal was to prevent France from becoming powerful and to
suppress nationalism in Europe.
October 12, 2016
Italy Unifies
1. Italians were split into three groups.
a. In the north they were under Austrian rule
b. Some were ruled by the Hapsburgs
c. Others ruled by the French
d. Italian nationalism grew in opposition to this.
2.
Italians formed secret societies throughout Europe to celebrate Italian
culture.
a. These societies begin plotting to overthrow Austrian rule in Italy.
3.
In 1831, Giuseppe Mazzini created Young Italy to fight for unification.
a. In a short time Young Italy had thousands of followers ready for
unification.
Giuseppe Mazzini
October 12, 2016
Italian Unity
1. Two leaders emerge to unify Italy.
a. Camillo di Cavour
i.
Became Prime Minister of Sardinia (a
small kingdom)
ii.
Founded a nationalist newspaper, Il
Risorgiemento
iii. By 1860, northern Italian states were
liberated from the Austrian Empire.
October 12, 2016
Italian Unity
1. Giuseppe Garibaldi
a. Italians considered Cavour the “brain” of
unification, Mazzini the “heart”, and
Garibaldi the “sword”.
b. Garibaldi and his Red Shirts used
guerilla warfare tactics to free northern
Italy from Austria and to take control of
the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies.
c.
City states throughout Italy began voting
on unification and by 1870, Italy was
unified.
October 12, 2016
Now What?
1. A now unified Italy faced many challenges.
2. They had to deal with social and economic problems.
a. Many people were living in poverty.
b. Differences between the different regions.
c. Unemployment.
d. Emigration of Italians to America.
3.
Italy also had to catch up industrially to the rest of Europe.
4. Italy entered an alliance with Austria-Hungary and Germany that would
play an important role in World War I.
5.
Italy attempted to build an empire like other countries in Europe but
was not very successful.
October 12, 2016
German Unity
1. Similar to Italy there was a swell of nationalism in the German states of
the confederation.
2. Creation of the Zollverein, a customs union, allowed for business and
the German economy to grow.
3. Otto von Bismarck is the leading force behind German unification.
4. Bismarck had a practical political philosophy as
opposed to an idealistic one.
a. Known as realpolitik
5. Felt German unity would not be won by speeches
but by “blood and iron”.
6. He built the Prussian Army into a great war
machine.