Transcript ap chapter 20 vocab review

CHAPTER 20
VOCABULARY
Nationalism:
People are brought together by common bonds of
language, customs, culture, and history
Congress of Vienna:
The Congress of Vienna was a
conference of ambassadors of
European states chaired by
Austrian statesman Klemens
Wenzel von Metternich, and
held in Vienna from September
1814 to June 1815.
Congress of Europe:
also known as the Congress System
after the Congress of Vienna, was the
balance of power that existed in Europe
from the end of the Napoleonic Wars
(1815) to the outbreak of World War I.
Its founding powers were Austria,
Prussia, the Russian Empire and the
United Kingdom, the members of the
Quadruple Alliance
Matternich:
was a German politician and statesman of Rhenish
extraction and one of the most important diplomats of his
era, serving as the Foreign Minister of the Holy Roman
Empire and its successor state, the Austrian Empire, from
1809 until the liberal revolutions of 1848 forced his
resignation
Liberalism:
is a political philosophy or worldview
founded on ideas of liberty and equality
Conservatism:
is a political and social philosophy
that promotes retaining traditional
social institutions.
Burshenschaften:
German student organization that
started as an expression of the
nationalism prevalent in postNapoleonic Europe. First
appearing in 1815
Carlsbad Decrees:
a set of reactionary restrictions introduced in the
states of the German Confederation by resolution
of the Bundesversammlung on 20 September
1819 after a conference held in the spa town of
Carlsbad, Bohemia.
Corn Laws:
were trade laws designed to protect cereal
producers in the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland against competition from less
expensive foreign imports between 1815 and
1846.
Greek Revolution of 1821:
was a successful war of independence
waged by the Greek revolutionaries between
1821 and 1832, with later assistance from
Russia, the United Kingdom, France, and
several other European powers against the
Ottoman Empire, who were assisted by their
vassals, the Eyalet of Egypt, and partly by the
Vilayet of Tunisia.
Toussaint L’ Ouverture
Haitian military and political leader who led a successful
slave insurrection (1791-1793) and helped the French expel
the British from Haiti (1798). In 1801 he invaded Spanish
Santo Domingo and freed the slaves there. He briefly
maintained control over the entire island, establishing the
first Black-led government in the Americas, before being
arrested by Bonapartist agents (1802) and deported to
France.
Simon Bolivar:
was a Venezuelan military and political
leader. Bolívar played a key role in Hispanic
America's successful struggle for
independence from the Spanish Empire,
and is today considered one of the most
influential politicians in the history of the
Americas.
Jose de San Martin:
was an Argentine general and the prime leader
of the southern part of South America's
successful struggle for independence from the
Spanish Empire.
Great Reform Bill:
The Representation of the People Act 1832, or Reform
Act 1832, was an Act of Parliament (2 & 3 Will. IV) that
introduced wide-ranging changes to the electoral system
of England and Wales. According to its preamble, the act
was designed to "take effectual Measures for correcting
divers Abuses that have long prevailed in the Choice of
Members to serve in the Commons House of Parliament