Transcript Imperialism in China

– The needs of the Industrial Revolution was one
of the factors that contributed to European
imperialism and the growth of overseas empires.
–
– In what nation did the Industrial Revolution
begin?
***Castle Learning Regents Review due Friday***
control
• Establishing ________
Foreign lands
over ______________
Foreign people
and ______________;
the domination by one
country of the political,
economic, or cultural
life of another country
or region.
• The needs of
Industrial Revolution
_______________
during the 1800’s in
Europe and the United
States was a major
reason for imperialism
Natural Resources
– ________________
New Markets
– _______________
Cheap Labor
– ________________
Social Darwinism
• _______________–
applied Darwin’s idea
of survival of the
fittest to social issues
– Supporters believed it
was natural for
stronger nations to
control
___________
weaker
ones
• Rudyard Kipling’s poem
“The White Man’s Burden”
__________________
expressed the idea that
Europeans had a
duty
______
to introduce
the benefits of their
civilization
__________to
nonEuropean peoples.
Geographic
– Africa’s ___________
(physical) barriers
(waterfalls, rapids,
highlands, steep cliffs,
deserts) delayed
European colonization
___________________
of central Africa.
King Leopold
– __________of
Belgium
established a trade
Congo
colony in the _______
which sparked the
interest of other
_________
nations in
European
Africa
• European leaders held the
Berlin
Conference
_____________in
order
to determine how
Europeans would divide up
of Africa
– Established
borders
__________
based
primarily on territorial
Colonial rulers
claims of __________.
– did not consider impact
on African ethnic
groups or cultures
Cecil Rhodes
• _____________was
a
strong supporter of
British imperialism in
Africa
Shaka Zulu
• _________and
the
Zulu’s attempted to
resist imperialism in
Southern Africa
– were defeated because
of the British armies
superior military
technology
• British and French
tried to gain control
over Egypt because
Strategic
of its _________
location
– The Suez Canal
• The
British East India Company
_________________
grew wealthy and
powerful conducting
Trade
_______
with India
• The slogan “The Sun
never sets on the British
Empire” was developed
during the Age of
Imperialism
Sepoy Mutiny
• __________was
rebellion
of Indian soldiers employed
by the British East Company
– British demanded the Sepoys
follow rules that went against
Hindu
Muslim
their ______
and _________
religious beliefs
– British crushed the rebellion
• British established
Direct Control
____________over
India
after the Sepoy Mutiny
• European colonialism in Asia was successful
(in the late 1800s) because Europe was able
to dominate military and commercial
relations with Asia.
Sphere of Influence
• A ________________
is an area in which an
outside power claims
exclusive trading
privileges.
• During the 19th century,
European nations
established spheres of
influence in China
_______
mainly to gain commercial
(trade) advantages.
Opium War
• The ____________of
the mid-19th century
(1839) marked the beginning of the
domination of China by foreign powers.
• THE RESULTS OF THE OPIUM WAR:
Treaty of Nanjing
– China forced to sign the ______________
– China was divided into spheres of influence
ports
trade
– Chinese ________
were opened for ________
with European powers.
Extraterritoriality
– British gained rights of ________________
for
its citizens in China
• The
Taiping
Rebellion
____________was
a
rebellion of Chinese
peasants against the
Qing Dynasty rulers in
China which weakened
China
Boxer Rebellion
• The ____________
was an unsuccessful
attempt to attempt to
drive foreign influence
out of China
– The Righteous
Harmonious Fists
started the rebellion
– The Rebellion was
crushed by European
nations, Japan, and the
United States
Yat-Sen (Yixan)
• Sun
_____________was
a nationalist leader
who led movement to
replace the Qing
dynasty and restore
Chinese rule in China
• Matthew Perry opened
up trade with Japan
for the United States
• The Meiji Emperor and
his advisors rapidly
westernized to avoid
colonization and
imperialism by the
United States and
European nations
• Built a new strong military and reformed
its political and economic systems to
become more like western powers
• Japan became more modernized,
industrialized, and imperialist
– Sino-Japanese War-gained territory in
China
– Russo-Japanese War- defeated Russian
military and gained control of parts
Manchuria and all of Korea
1) Which statement best expresses a motive
for the 19th century European imperialism?
___
A. Living space was needed for the excess
population in western Europe
B. European leaders believed imperialism
was an effective method of reducing the
number of wars
C. European nations would benefit from
some aspects of the conquered nation’s
culture
D. Imperialism would benefit the economies
of the colonial powers
2) Which region was most affected by
decisions made at the Berlin Conference of
1844? ___
A. Latin America
B. South Asia
C. East Africa
D. Africa
3) Which statement best
expresses the Western
perspective regarding Rudyard
Kipling’s “White Man’s Burden”?
____
A. Europeans should preserve
traditional cultures in Africa
and Asia
B. Europeans must protect
existing African and Asian
economies
C. Europeans suffered great
hardships in exploring new
trade routes to Asia
D. Europeans had a duty to
introduce the benefits of their
civilization to non-European
peoples.
4) Many developing nations in the world
today rely on a single cash crop such as
cotton or sugar cane. The origin of this
practice can often be traced to the: ____?
A. Introduction of communism as a result of the
Berlin Conference
B. Establishment of democratic governments
C. Introduction of western diets and fashion
which did not require food crops
D. Colonial policies of European nations which
required colonies grow cash crops rather than
food crops
5) A primary effect of the Sepoy Mutiny on
British imperialism in India was: ____
A. That Britain decided that the Sepoys
should be placed in charge of the British
East India Company
B. That the British took control of India
away from the British East India
Company and established direct control
over India
C. That Indians were separated based on
religions
D. Britain granted India its independence
6) Which statement best describes a longterm result of the Berlin Conference? ___
A. African countries became prosperous as a
result of the borders created by the
European powers
B. European powers divided up India
C. Civil wars and ethnic tensions arose after
African nations gained their
independence
D. The Ottoman Empire became major
industrial powers
7) One result of the Opium War was that
China: _____
A. Was able to spread opium into Japan
B. Was forced to open all of China to British
traders
C. was able to end the importation of opium into
China
D. became the world’s largest exporter of opium
8) One way in which the Boxer Rebellion and
the Sepoy mutiny were similar is that they:
_____
A. Promoted lassiez faire capitalism
B. Tried to end foreign control
C. Developed modern industries
D. Created a totalitarian state
9) What was one impact of industrialization
on Japan during the Meiji Restoration? ____
A. Japan became more isolated from world
affairs
B. Japan became a colonial possession of
China
C. Traditional practices of Bushido were
reintroduced
D. Demand for natural resources increased
10) The arrival of Commodore Matthew
Perry in Japan in 1853 signaled the end of:
_____
A. Japanese cultural contacts with the West
B. Japanese policies of isolation
C. The United States desire to trade with
Asian countries
D. The United States naval presence in
Japan
– Throughout history, large groups of people who
share a cultural identify have felt the pulling
power of nationalistic feeling.
–
– What is was one motive for European
imperialism?
***Castle Learning Regents Review due Friday***
• NATIONALISM is a
feeling of pride in and
devotion to one's country
• Develops among people
who may share:
– common language
– history
– set of traditions
– goal
– Being controlled by foreign
powers
• Nationalism also causes people to join
together to choose their own form of
government, without outside
interference
– Self determination
– Sovereignty
– Autonomy
– Independence
• Nationalism can be a unifying force
– Unification of Germany
– Unification of Italy
• Nationalism can be a force that tears
apart empires
– Austria-Hungary
– Ottoman Empire
• The French Revolution
and Napoleon’s
Conquests inspired
nationalistic feelings
among the French
people
• Nationalistic feelings arose in areas of
Europe that were conquered by
Napoleon
• Groups of conquered people often unite
to drive out a foreign conqueror
• Unification of Germany
• Unification of Italy
• Latin American Independence
Movements
• Assassination of Archduke Franz
Ferdinand and WWI (MAIN)
•
•
•
•
Breakup of Austria-Hungary
Breakup of Ottoman Empire
Zionist Movement
Indian Independence Movement
– Formation of Indian National Congress
– Formation of Muslim League
• Independence Movements in Africa,
Middle East, and Asia in the 20th
century
• Breakup of the Yugoslavia after the
collapse of Communism in 1991
• Otto von Bismarck
• G. Garibaldi, C.
Cavour, G. Mazzini
• Toussaint L’Ouverture
• Simon Bolivar
• Jose de San Martin
• Sun Yat-Sen (Yixan)
• Jiang Jieshi (Chiang
Kai-Shek)
•
•
•
•
•
Kemal Atatürk
Gandhi
Jomo Kenyatta
Kwame Nkrumah
Ho Chi Minh
1) The best heading for the partial
outline above would be: _____
A. Reasons for the communist
revolutions
B. Effects of Nationalism
C. Methods of Propaganda
D. Formation of Democratic
governments
2) One political objective of Otto von
Bismarck and Giuseppe Garibaldi was to:
____
A.
B.
C.
D.
Overthrow divine right monarchies
Unify their nations
Establish communist systems of government
Form an alliance with Great Britain
3) Which individual is associated with the
phrase “blood and iron”? _____
A. Giuseppe Garibaldi
B. Kaiser Wilhelm II
C. Count Camillo di Cavour
D. Otto von Bismarck
4) One way in which Ho Chi Minh, Jomo
Kenyatta, and Kwame Nkrumah are similar
is that all were: ____
A.
B.
C.
D.
Communist dictators
Enlightened despots
Leaders of independence movements
Advocates of liberation theology
5) One similarity in the unification of
Italy, the Zionist Movement, and the
breakup of the Ottoman Empire was that
each was influenced by:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Humanism
Polytheism
Nationalism
Imperialism
6) Simon Bolivar, Jose de San Martin, and
Toussaint L’Ouverture are important in
Latin American history because they were:
A. 20th century caudillos
B. Leaders of Liberation movements
C. Members of the Organization of
American States
D. Winners of the Nobel Peace Prize