Transcript Midterm Review

Review 20 week tests
Review Questions
Which statement represents a key idea directly
associated with John Locke’s Two Treatises of
Government?
(1) Freedom of speech should be denied.
(2) The king’s power on Earth comes from God.
(3) All people are born with the right to life,
liberty, and property.
(4) Individuals acting in their own self-interest
will achieve economic success.
Review Questions
Writers of the Enlightenment were primarily interested in:
1. Changing the relationship between people and their
government
2. Supporting the Divine Right Theory
3. Debating the role of church in society
4. Promoting increased power for European monarchs
Review Questions
Which statement best describes a change that occurred during
both the Renaissance and the Enlightenment?
1. Feudalism became the dominant political system
2. The use of reason and logic were discouraged
3. Technology and science were considered unimportant
4. A new questioning spirit and attitude
Review
Nationalism is most likely to develop in an area that has
1)Land suited to agriculture
2) Adequate industry to supply consumer demands
3) A moderate climate with rivers for irrigation
4) Common customs, language and history
Review
A study of revolutions would most likely lead to the conclusion
that pre-Revolutionary governments.
1) are more concerned about human rights than the
governments that replace them
2) refuse to modernize their armed forces with advanced
technology
3) attempt to bring about the separation of government from
religion
4) fail to meet the political and economic needs of their
people
Review
What was the main purpose of the Congress of Vienna?
1) To regain the strength lost by the Catholic Church in Europe
2) To create a new military plan for European domination in
the Americas
3) To design a military plan to defeat Napoleon
4) To create a balance of power on the European continent
Review
The French people supported Napoleon Bonaparte because
they hoped he would
1) adopt the ideas of the Protestant Reformation
2) restore Louis XVI to power
3) provide stability for the nation
4) end British control of France
Review
In France, which was a major result of the French
Revolution?
1)the king was restored to unlimited power
2)the clergy dominated government
3)the middle class gained political influence
4)the tax burden was carried by the lower class
Review
Which revolution inspired Karl Marx and
Friedrich Engels to express their ideas in The
Communist Manifesto?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Industrial
Scientific
Glorious
Neolithic
Review
According to the theories of Karl Marx, history can be
viewed as a
1. succession of famines that result in the destruction
of civilizations
2. repeating cycle of imperialism and colonialism
3. listing of the accomplishments of the ruling classes
4. continuous struggle between economic classes
Review
A major result of the Industrial Revolution was the
1. concentration of workers in urban areas
2. increased desire of the wealthy class to share its
power
3. formation of powerful craft guilds
4. control of agricultural production by
governments
Review
“The proletarians have nothing to lose but their
chains…Workers of the world, unite!”
This statement was made in response to conditions
resulting from the
1. Protestant Reformation
2. Counter-Reformation
3. Commercial Revolution
4. Industrial Revolution
Review
A main idea of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engles’ Communist
Manifesto is that the proletariat
1. would need foreign help to achieve its revolutionary ends
2. had to cooperate with the capitalists to gain economic
rewards
3. should allow the capitalists to control the means of
production
4. must unite to overthrow the capitalist class
Review
A major result of the Industrial Revolution was the
1. concentration of workers in urban areas
2. increased desire of the wealthy class to share its power
3. formation of powerful craft guilds
4. control of agricultural production by governments
Review
A major result of the Industrial Revolution was the
1. concentration of workers in urban areas
2. increased desire of the wealthy class to share its power
3. formation of powerful craft guilds
4. control of agricultural production by governments
Review
Throughout the 1800’s, an increased need for both
raw materials and new markets for manufactured
goods led various European nations to pursue
policies of
1.
2.
3.
4.
Imperialism
Socialism
Isolationism
communism
Review
“Revolution will occur more and more frequently in the
industrialized nations as the proletariat struggles to
overcome the abuses of the capitalist system.”
This quotation reflects the ideas of
1. Charles Darwin
2. Karl Marx
3. Niccolo Machiavelli
4. John Locke
Review
According to Karl Marx, history is the record of the
1. granting of more political liberties to all people
2. struggle between classes in society
3. wars and conflicts between national leaders
4. increasing prosperity brought about by industrialization
Review
A main idea of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engles’ Communist
Manifesto is that the proletariat
1. would need foreign help to achieve its revolutionary ends
2. had to cooperate with the capitalists to gain economic
rewards
3. should allow the capitalists to control the means of
production
4. must unite to overthrow the capitalist class
Review
A major result of the Industrial Revolution was the
1. concentration of workers in urban areas
2. increased desire of the wealthy class to share its power
3. formation of powerful craft guilds
4. control of agricultural production by governments
Review
Throughout the 1800’s, an increased need for both
raw materials and new markets for manufactured
goods led various European nations to pursue
policies of
1.
2.
3.
4.
Imperialism
Socialism
Isolationism
communism
Review
Which statement best expresses the motive for 19thcentury European imperialism?
1. Living space was needed for the excess population of
Western Europe
2. European leaders believed imperialism was an
effective method of reducing the number of wars
3. European nations would benefit from some aspects of
the conquered nation’s culture
4. Imperialism would benefit the economies of the
colonial powers
Review
Take up the White Man’s burden—
Send forth the best ye breed
Go bind your sons to exile
To serve your captives’ need;
To wait, in heavy harness,
On fluttered folk and wild—
Your new-caught, sullen peoples,
Half-devil and half-child.
--Rudyard Kipling, “The White Man’s Burden”
The phrase “White Man’s burden” in this excerpt refers to the
1. Negative attitude of Europeans toward peoples of the non-Western world
2. Advantages Europeans would gain by colonizing Africa, Asia, and Latin
America
3. Positive role of the Roman Catholic Church in Africa and Asia
4. Challenges non-Europeans faced when trading with the Europeans
Review
The 19th century term “White Man’s Burden”
reflects the idea that
1. Asians and Africans were equal to Europeans
2. Asians and Africans would be grateful for
European help
3. imperialism was opposed by most Europeans
4. Europeans had a responsibility to improve
the lives of the colonial peoples
Review
The borders that were established for many African
nations during the late 1800s were based primarily on
1.
2.
3.
4.
Natural geographic barriers
Easy access to natural resources
Territorial claims of colonial rulers
Cultural differences between ethnic groups
Review
The borders that were established for many African
nations during the late 1800s were based primarily on
1.
2.
3.
4.
Natural geographic barriers
Easy access to natural resources
Territorial claims of colonial rulers
Cultural differences between ethnic groups
Review
Which is generally a characteristic of a communist economy?
1. investment is encouraged by the promise of large profits
2. the role of government in the economy is restricted by law
3. government agencies are involved in production planning
4. entrepreneurs sell shares in their companies to the
government
Review
Which is an accurate statement about the
partitioning of Africa by European
imperialist nations during the 1800’s?
1. new nations were based on old tribal
boundaries
2. the cultural and ethnic diversity of the
African people was disregarded
3. the continent was divided equally among
the colonial powers
4. African unity was encouraged
Review
After 1880, European nations sought colonies in
Africa primarily because the Europeans were
1. in need of land for their surplus populations
2. competing for raw materials and markets
3. determined to bring Christianity to the Moslem
world
4. interested in completing their geographic
knowledge of the world
Review
During the 18th and 19th centuries, increased
contact between Europe and the continents of
Africa, Asia, and South America resulted in
1. closer cultural cooperation between Europe and
these continents
2. the exploitation of the labor and resources of
these continents
3. a return to the political and economic systems of
feudal Europe
4. preservation of the rights of the indigenous
peoples
Review
Which is generally a characteristic of a communist economy?
1. investment is encouraged by the promise of large profits
2. the role of government in the economy is restricted by law
3. government agencies are involved in production planning
4. entrepreneurs sell shares in their companies to the
government
Review
Stalin’s Five-Year Plans and his decision to form collectives
are examples of
1. strategies to modernize the economy of the Soviet Union
through forced communism
2. a more friendly foreign policy toward China
3. methods of dealing with the United States during the
Cold War
4. programs to westernize, educate, and enlighten the
population
Review
A major cause of the Russian Revolution of 1917 was
the
1. defeat of Germany in the Russian campaign
2. marriage of Czar Nicholas II to a German princess
3. existence of sharp economic differences between
social classes
4. appeal of Marxism to the Russian nobility
Review
Which is an accurate statement about the Soviet economy
under the leadership of Joseph Stalin?
1. a large selection of consumer goods became available
2. the Soviet Union increased its industrial output by
developing heavy industry
3. private farmers were encouraged to sell their surplus
produce in an open market
4. the government reduced its role in planning industrial
production
Review
The Russian peasants supported the Bolsheviks in the
1917 Revolutions mainly because the Bolsheviks
promised to
1. establish collective farms
2. maintain the agricultural price-support system
3. bring modern technology to Russian farms
4. redistribute the land owned by the nobility
Review
Which slogan expressed the ideals of the Bolshevik
Revolution of 1917?
1. Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity
2. Bread, Land, and Peace
3. Land and Liberty
4. Nationalism, Democracy, and the People’s
Livelihood
Review
Which term refers to the Jewish movement to
create a homeland in Palestine?
1. secularism
2. Marxism
3. animism
4. Zionism
Review
One reason for the mass migration of many Irish
to North America in the 19th century was
1. a series of crop failures
2. enforcement of a military draft
3. civil war in Ireland
4. an outbreak of malaria
Review
A major cause of World War I was
1. A decline in the policy of imperialism
2. The existence of opposing alliances
3. An increase in acts of aggression by England
4. The spread of communism throughout Europe
Review
Why was the Balkan region referred to as the
“Powder Keg of Europe” prior to World War I?
1. The aggression of the ottoman empire was
disrupting the balance of power
2. Yugoslavia was invading its neighboring countries
3. Nationalistic and imperialistic rivalries were
increasing
4. The area was the leading supplier of military
equipment to the rest of the world
Review
“Archduke Franz Ferdinand Assassinated!”
“Germany Declares War on Russia and France!”
“Peace Treaty Signed at Versailles!”
Which event is referred to in these headlines?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Franco-Prussian War
Crimean War
World War I
Cold War
Review
Why was the Balkan region referred to as the
“Powder Keg of Europe” prior to World War I?
1. The aggression of the ottoman empire was
disrupting the balance of power
2. Yugoslavia was invading its neighboring countries
3. Nationalistic and imperialistic rivalries were
increasing
4. The area was the leading supplier of military
equipment to the rest of the world
Review
Nationalism is best defined as
1. The achievement of world peace and global understanding
2. the desire to take over other societies by force
3. a method of solving basic economic problems of the
society
4. the loyalty of a people to their values, traditions, and a
geographic region
Review
Which statement best describes the relationship between World War
I and the Russian Revolution?
1. World War I created conditions within Russia that helped trigger a
revolution
2. World War I postponed the Russian Revolution by restoring
confidence in the Czar
3. the Russian Revolution inspired the Russian people to win World
War I
4. World War I gave the Czar’s army the needed experience to
suppress the Russian Revolution
Review
The major impact of the Treaty of Versailles on Germany was
that the treaty led to
1. an era of peace and international good will in Germany
2. a stable Germany that was both democratic and strong
3. an increase in Germany’s desire to regain its power and
prestige
4. a leadership position for Germany in the League of Nations