Transcript File

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Describe trench warfare. What do you
think would be the most challenging part
of fighting in such a style of warfare?
TURN IN ADS!
 In
West Virginia, if you run over
an animal, you can legally take
it home and cook it for dinner.

Turn them in by tomorrow at NOON!
◦ I went 0-2 in last night’s games…I’m not happy.
Chapter 13
Section 2
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By 1914, Europe divides into two rival
camps.
◦ The Triple Entente
 Great Britain, France and Russia
◦ The Triple Alliance
 Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy
Austria’s declaration of war against Serbia
set off a chain reaction within the alliance
system.
◦ Pledged to support each other.
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Russia began moving its army toward the
Russian-Austrian border in response to
Austria’s declaration of war against
Serbia.
Russia expected Germany to join Austria,
therefore, they also moved their troops to
the German border.
Germany took this as a declaration of war.
◦ Germany declared war on Russia on
8/1/1914
Russia looked to France for help.
 Before France could react, Germany
declared war on them, too.
 Great Britain declared war on
Germany.
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By mid-August 1914, the battle lines were
clearly drawn.
Germany and A-H were on one side.
◦ Central Powers
 Later joined by Bulgaria and the
Ottoman Empire
Britain, France and Russia on the other
side.
◦ Allied Powers or Allies
 Japan soon joined and Italy joined later
Italy had been a member of the Triple
Alliance with Germany and A-H.
 However, Italians felt that Germany
and A-H unjustly started a war and
changed sides.
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Many people felt
that the war would
be short.
By fall of 1914, the
war turned into a
long and bloody
stalemate.
This deadlocked
region in northern
France became
known as the
Western Front.
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Germany was facing a war on two fronts.
Developed a battle strategy known as the
Schlieffen Plan.
◦ Called for attacking and defeating
France in the west then rushing to fight
Russia in the east.
Germans felt this plan would work
because Russians lagged behind Europe
in their railroad system.
◦ This meant longer waits for supplies on
the front line.
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Why did Italy refuse to support its ally
Germany?
A. It had spent too many resources on regional
conflicts in Southern Italy
B. It did not like the possibility of fighting the USA
C. It had a political revolution right before the war
D. It accused the Germans of starting the war
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What statement summarizes the Schlieffen
Plan that Germany created to prepare for a
two-front war?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Attack Russia first, then France
Send the army to both fronts at once
Ally with Russia to fight France
Attack France first, then Russia
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German leaders needed a quick victory
over France.
Things looked good for Germany at first.
They entered the outskirts of Paris.
Allies, however, regrouped and attacked
the Germans.
After four days of fighting, Germans gave
the order to retreat.
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The First Battle of Marne
◦ Defeat of the Germans left the Schlieffen Plan in
ruins.
◦ Russian forces had already invaded Germany in
the east.
◦ Germany was forced to fight a two front war.
 Sent troops to the east.
 Western Front remained in stalemate.
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Video portrays how the Schlieffen plan failed
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War on the Western Front claimed
thousands of lives.
Both sides were still sending millions more
men to fight on the Eastern Front.
◦ Stretch of battlefield along the German and
Russian border.
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Russians and Serbs were battling Germans
and Austro-Hungarians.
More mobile than in the west.
Slaughter and stalemate were still
common.
Russian forces launched an attack
into both Austria and Germany.
 Germans counterattacked and
crushed the Russian army, killing
30,000 Russians.
 Russians drove deep into Austria
after two wins.
 Three months later (December 1914)
Austrians defeated the Russians and
pushed them out of their country.
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What was the significance in the Allied victory
at the First Battle of the Marne?
A.
B.
C.
D.
It forced Russia to drop out of the war
Germany had to start fighting on two fronts
It allowed Germany to invade France
It prompted the United States to enter the war
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The fighting on French soil between the
French and Germans became known as what?
A.
B.
C.
D.
The Great Stalemate
The Eastern Front
The Western Front
Paris
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By 1916, Russia’s war
effort was near collapse.
Russia was not
industrialized like other
European countries.
◦ Short on food, guns,
ammunition, clothes,
boots and blankets.
Allied supply shipments
were limited by German
control of the Baltic Sea,
extensive submarines in
the North Sea and
Ottoman control of the
Black Sea.
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Russian army’s one asset – it’s numbers.
The Russian army, due to it’s population,
managed to hold up hundreds of thousands
of German troops on the Eastern Front.
As a result, Germany could not fully attack the
west.
Fighting soon spread to Africa, Southwest and
Southeast Asia.

Why did Italy refuse to support its ally
Germany?
A. It had spent too many resources on regional
conflicts in Southern Italy
B. It did not like the possibility of fighting the USA
C. It opposed fighting with Austria-Hungary
D. It accused the Germans of starting the war

What was the significance in the Allied victory
at the First Battle of the Marne?
A.
B.
C.
D.
It forced Russia to drop out of the war
Germany had to start fighting on two fronts
It allowed Germany to invade France
It prompted the United States to enter the war