Transcript latin america review

Latin American History
What were the
Mayans best
known for?
Corn, calculus and
pyramids
Where was the
Mayan Empire
located?
Yucatan Peninsula,
Mexico
What was the Inca
Empire best known
for?
Potatoes, building roads and
bridges
Inca Road Map
Inca Rope bridges
Where was the
Inca Empire
located?
Andes Mountains, South America
Andes Mountains,
Home of the Incas
Inca Empire
Inca city, Machu Pichu,
in the Andes Mountains
What were the
Aztec best
known for?
Gold and human sacrifice!
Where was the
Aztec Empire
located?
Central Mexico
Why did
Columbus set
sail in 1492?
He wanted to find a western
route to India, but he ran into
the Caribbean island of Cuba.
Columbus thought
India was here
Columbus’ first trip
Cuba became a
colony of which
country?
Spain
Columbus sailed for Spain, so he
claimed Cuba for Spain
Spain
Cuba
Who conquered
the Aztec?
Hernan Cortez
Spain
At first, Cortez was treated like a god
Then, Cortez was
horrified by Aztec
human sacrifice
But he really wanted
the Aztec’s gold
Since Cortez
defeated the Aztec,
Cortez claimed
Mexico for which
country?
Spain
The Aztec Empire
became part of the
Spanish Empire
Who conquered
the Inca
Empire?
Francisco Pizzaro
Spain
Smallpox killed many Incas
before Pizzaro showed up
Pizzaro executes an Incan chief
Pizzaro claimed
most of South
America for
which Empire?
Spain
Former Inca Empire
now belongs to Spain
Pizzaro used the excellent
Inca roads to move
quickly and defeat them
Brazil becomes
the colony of
which European
country?
Portugal
Brazil is claimed
by Portugal
Most South
American colonies
were controlled
by which country?
Spain
Virtually all of Latin America, with the
exception of Brazil, was controlled by Spain
What
missionaries
were sent to
Latin America?
Jesuits
Catholic missionaries, since
Spain is Catholic
What religion
dominates Latin
America today?
Roman Catholic
The Vatican, home of the Pope,
Rome, Italy.
Pope John Paul II
What language
dominates Latin
America?
Spanish
Since the Spanish
language and the Catholic
Church dominate Latin
America, what does this
indicate about Latin
America’s history?
Latin America was dominated by
Spanish culture for an extended period
of time (cultural diffusion).
Jesuit
missionaries
Catholic Religion
What were the effects
of European
exploration?
Europeans R.A.C.E.D. to
conquer the Americas
“Conquistadors” conquered America
The “R” in
R.A.C.E.D stands
for which effect
on the Americas?
R: Rigid class system
and dictatorships in
Latin America.
Spanish on top
Mulattos--part
Spanish, part Native
American
Native Americans,
slaves on botton
The “A” in
R.A.C.E.D stands
for which effect
on the Americas?
A: African slaves
brought to America
African slaves were brought across on
the “middle passage”
The cargo hold of a slave ship
was hot, cramped, and putrid.
The “C” in
R.A.C.E.D stands
for which effect
on the Americas?
C: Colonies imitate the
culture of parent country
The “E” in
R.A.C.E.D stands
for which effect
on the Americas?
E: Europeans immigrate to North
and South America
The “D” in
R.A.C.E.D stands
for which effect on
the Americas?
D: Demise of the Inca,
Mayan, and Aztec Empires
Victims of smallpox
Although some Native
American died from wars
with Europeans, the vast
majority died from
diseases carried by
Europeans, like smallpox
Name the four major
European countries that
R.A.C.E.D.to conquer
the Americas.
Spain: Caribbean, Latin America
Portugal: Brazil
France: Quebec
England: eastern North America
What did the
exchange of products
between America
and Europe become
known as?
The Columbian Exchange
“It was named after me, of
course, since I started the
exchange of goods between
Europe and America!”
Which products
went from Europe
TO AMERICA due
to the Columbian
exchange?
Horses, Cattle, and
diseases like smallpox
went to America
Animals like the horse
changed Native
American lifestyles
Smallpox killed millions of
Native Americans
Which products
went from America
TO EUROPE due to
the Columbian
exchange?
Corn, tobacco, and potatoes
were seen for the first time in
Europe
What were the
effects of the
Columbian
Exchange?
The Columbian
Exchange caused the
growth of C.R.O.P.S!
The “C” in C.R.O.P.S
stands for which
effect of the
Columbian Exchange?
C: Cash crops grown in
the Caribbean and in
Americas
The “R” in C.R.O.P.S
stands for which
effect of the
Columbian Exchange?
R: Race based slavery
(Africans)
The “O” in C.R.O.P.S
stands for which
effect of the
Columbian Exchange?
O: Oh, the four main cash
crops are cotton, tobacco,
coffee, and sugar
Sugarcane
Coffee beans
Tobacco leaves drying
Cotton waiting to be picked
The “P” in C.R.O.P.S
stands for which
effect of the
Columbian Exchange?
P: Plantation system:
grow cash crops
The “S” in C.R.O.P.S
stands for which
effect of the
Columbian Exchange?
S: Slaves brought from
Africa
What is the typical
government in Latin
America?
Dictatorships
Spain had a similar government
and Latin America countries
copied its mother country
What two events
influenced many Latin
American countries to
demand independence
from Spain and
Portugal?
The American Revolution
and the French Revolution
The Declaration of
Independence
Storming of the Bastille
Who led most of
South America to
independence from
Spain?
Simon Bolivar
“The Liberator”
Freedom!
Haiti was a colony
of which country?
France
Haiti was an important
sugar producing colony
for the French Empire
Haiti
Who led Haiti’s war
of independence
against France and
Napoleon?
Toussaint L’Ouverture
Toussaint L’Ouverture was a
former slave on a sugar
plantation
After fighting the Haitian slaves
for several years unsuccessfully,
Napoleon finally gave in, and let
Haiti go in 1804
Haitian slaves killed
almost all the whites
on the island
When did the Cuban
Revolution take
place?
1959
Cuba
Who led the
Cuban Revolution?
Fidel Castro
As an effect of the
Cuban Revolution, what
type of government did
Castro create in Cuba?
Communist
Karl Marx, author of
“The Communist
Manifesto ”
U.S.S.R dictator, Joseph
Stalin, one of Casto’s
heroes
Vladimir Lenin: founder of
the the first communist
country the U.S.S.R.
When was the
Cuban Missile
Crisis?
1962
vs
What caused the
Cuban Missile
Crisis?
The Soviet Union tried to put
nuclear missiles in Cuba-only 90 miles from the United States
Only 90 miles!
How did the
Cuban Missile
Crisis end?
After a naval blockade of Cuba by the
U.S., the U.S.S.R. took the missiles home
U.S. naval
blocade