Transcript Give Me Liberty (New British Policies)

Causes of the American Revolution
During the early years of settlement, England
ignored its colonies.
Under the Navigation Acts, the colonists could
trade only with England.
Colonists resented England’s control of the
colonies because they were used to being left
alone.
Sketch of Baltimore Harbor, 1752
Colony founders knew they must guarantee
rights and good government if they were going
to attract colonists.
Virginia colonists created the House of
Burgesses which was the first representative
assembly in the Americas.
By 1750 each of the 13 colonies had an
elected assembly.
The first meeting of the Virginia Assembly
Britain and France were intense rivals in the
struggle for North America.
In the 1750s the center of colonial conflict
was the Ohio River Valley.
British officer George Washington was sent to
build a fort on the river but was defeated by
the French before he could.
Native Americans became French allies
because it appeared the French would win the
war.
North American land claims, 1753
The French and Indian war went badly for the
British colonies until Captain James Wolfe took
Quebec in 1759.
The British finally won three years later.
Taking of Quebec by English forces during the French and Indian War
Great Britain became the most powerful nation
in the world.
The enlarged empire meant conflicts with
Native Americans in the Ohio River Valley.
To avoid problems, Britain issued the
Proclamation of 1763 which did not allow
colonists to cross the Appalachian Mountains.
Colonist were infuriated because they did not
like being told where they could and could not
go.
North American land claims, 1763
In order to enforce the Proclamation of 1763
and keep peace with Native Americans, a
permanent British army was stationed in
America.
British officials expected colonists to help pay
for their defense.
The colonists did not like the presence of the
army, nor having to pay for the troops’
support.
King George III
and how they correspond to the
“new” school policies
The French and Indian War
Explanation
Reaction/ Result
Britain needed money
to finance war with
France.
Britain imposed taxes
on the colonists
without their consent
to pay for the war.
Proclamation of 1763
Explanation
Reaction/ Result
Britain wanted to avoid
conflict with Native
Americans, so Colonists
were forbidden to cross
Appalachian Mountains.
Colonists were angered
because of British
presence and being
told what to do
British Army stationed
in the colonies
Sugar Act
Explanation
Tax on sugar and
molasses; designed by
George Grenville to
stop smuggling; taxed
tea was cheaper than
Smuggled tea;
Suspects tried
In military
Courts
Reaction/ Result
Did not affect
many, but the idea
of taxes a growing
issue
brown bag
tax
Stamp Act
Explanation
Reaction/ Result
Tax on legal
documents,
newspapers, wills,
and basically every
piece of paper
used; a stamp was
placed on the
paper
Stamp Act Congress
formed to organize
boycott
Sam Adams organized
Sons of Liberty
Eventually
repealed
official
stamped
papers
for
grades
Writs of Assistance
Explanation
Reaction/ Result
Customs officers
could search ships at
will; document
allowed soldiers to
search anywhere for
smuggled goods
Few colonists affected,
but merchants felt this
was an invasion of
privacy
search
belongings
Townshend Acts
Explanation
Reaction/ Result
Tax on various
imported household
items such as paper,
glass, lead, silk, and
tea
Colonists boycott
through the nonimportation agreement
(Daughters of Liberty)
Eventually repealed,
except TEA TAX – led
to Boston Tea Party
lunch
price
increased
Quartering Act
Explanation
Reaction/ Result
Colonists had to
provide food, housing,
blankets, candles, etc.
for the British soldiers
This was hated, but
little could be done
teacher home
visits
Intolerable Acts
Explanation
Reaction/ Result
Punishment for Boston
Tea Party
First Continental
Congress meets
Colonists could not hold
town meetings
Individual colonies
began to unify
Port of Boston closed
Customs officials tried
in Britain
no
discussion
of policies
“No taxation without representation!”
“Taxation without representation is tyranny”
Explanation
Colonists had no
representatives to
speak for them in
Parliament
Reaction/ Result
Colonists resented not
having a say in their own
affairs
Became a rallying cry
The Declaratory Act
Explanation
Reaction/ Result
The same day the
Stamp Act was
repealed, Parliament
passed the Declaratory
Act. It said Parliament
had the right to make
any law it wanted for
the colonies, “in all
cases whatsoever.”
Most Patriots weren’t
even aware the law
was passed. They
were celebrating the
repeal of the Stamp
Act and they
overlooked the
passage of the
Declaratory Act.
The Boston Massacre
Explanation
Reaction/ Result
A rioting mob
confronted British
soldiers at the Boston
Customs House
Sam Adams
used the
opportunity
to whip up
anti-British
feeling by calling
the event a massacre
Tensions rose and
shots were
fired into the
crowd, killing
five colonists
Two soldiers were
found guilty of
manslaughter, six
were found not guilty
Tea Act
Explanation
Tea merchants in the
colonies were cut out
British
East India
of the tea trade
Company
because the British
East India Company was given a
monopoly on the tea trade and they
lowered their tea prices . The company
monopolized, or controlled, tea sales in the
colonies.
Reaction/ Result
Boston Tea Party
Boston Tea Party
Explanation
Reaction/ Result
On December 16, 1773, the
Sons of Liberty dumped
90,000 pounds of tea into
Boston Harbor.
Intolerable Acts
This was an act of civil
disobedience:
That means
people break a
law on purpose to try to
protest it and
get it changed.
Chronology of Events
French and Indian War- 1754-1763
Proclamation of 1763- 1763
Sugar Act- 1764
Stamp Act- 1765
Writs of Assistance- 1767
Chronology of Events
Townshend Acts- 1767
Quartering Act- 1770
Boston Massacre- 1770
Tea Act/ Boston Tea Party- 1773
Intolerable Acts- 1774