Transcript Mughal Empire

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WHII.5 Global Trade Practice Test
_____ 1.Where did the Ottoman Empire begin?
a. Asia Minor
b. Arabia
c. Persia
d. India
_____ 2.Which city did the Ottomans capture and turn into their capital?
a. Athens
c. Constantinople
b. Rome
d. Alexandria
_____ 3.Which two goods were traded by the Ottoman Empire?
a. salt and slaves
b. gold and diamonds
c. valuable minerals
d. coffee and ceramics
_____ 4.What was the religion of the Ottoman Empire?
a. Christianity
b. Hinduism
c. Islam
d. Buddhism
_____ 5.Which one of these was not a method used by Suleiman The Magnificent to unify the Ottoman
Empire?
a. following Islam social laws
c. simplifying the tax system
b. preparing a successful heir
d. reducing government bureaucracy
_____ 6.Shah Jahan built a tomb for his wife now known as:
a. Taj Mahal
b. Hagia Sophia
c. Mandate of Heaven
d. Hanging Gardens
_____ 7.Which three European countries traded with the Ottoman Empire?
a. England, France, Spain
b. Portugal, Netherlands, England
c. Italy, Germany France
d. Spain, Netherlands, France
_____ 8.Where did the Mughal Empire do most of its trading?
a. Mediterranean Sea
b. Pacific Ocean
c. Persian Gulf
d. Indian Ocean
_____ 9.Where was the Mughal Empire Located?
a. South India
b. Persia
c. East Asia
d. North India
_____ 10.What was the DOMINANT religion of the Mughal Empire?
a. Christianity
c. Buddhism
b. Hinduism
d. Islam
_____ 11.What did the Chinese do to prevent outside influence on Chinese trade?
a. only the government was to conduct foreign trade.
b. foreigners had to live in certain areas called enclaves.
c. the government minimized foreign influence
d. all of the above
8
7
1
6
5
4
9
3
2
1. Ottoman
Empire
2. Mughal
Empire
3. China
(Ming and
Qing)
4. Japan
(Tokugawa)
5. Spain
6. Portugal
7. France
8. Great
Britain
9. Africa
(Songhai)
QUARTER 1 EXAM
• WHII.2-5; 15
• 35 questions on computer.
• Counts as a summative test
grade (70%).
Virginia Standards of Learning
World History & Geography 1500 to Present
WHII.2
WORLD RELIGIONS
2012-2013
Christianity
(MONOtheistic)
•World’s largest
religion
•Jesus Christ is Messiah
•Holy Book: Old AND
New Testaments
Islam
(MONOtheistic)
•Located in Asia and N.
Africa (MECCA &
MEDINA)
•Muhammad is Prophet;
Allah is God
•Quran (Koran)
Judaism
(MONOtheistic)
•Israel and small groups
around the world
•Yahweh is God
•Torah only the OLD
Testament
Christianity (MONOtheistic)
• World’s largest religion
• Jesus Christ is Messiah
• Holy Book: Old AND New Testaments
Islam (MONOtheistic)
• Located in Asia and N. Africa (MECCA & MEDINA)
• Muhammad is Prophet; Allah is God
• Quran (Koran)
Judaism (MONOtheistic)
• Israel and small groups around the world
• Yahweh is God
• Torah only the OLD Testament
Buddhism
•East and Southern Asia
•Founded by Siddhartha
Gautama (renamed
Buddha-Enlightened One)
•Reincarnation
•Four Noble Truths,
Eightfold Path
Hinduism(POLYtheistic)
•India (Southern Asia)
•Many gods
•Reincarnation
•Vedas and Upanishads
Buddhism
• East and Southern Asia
• Founded by Siddhartha Gautama
(renamed Buddha-Enlightened One)
• Reincarnation
• Four Noble Truths, Eightfold Path
Hinduism(POLYtheistic)
• India (Southern Asia)
• Many gods
• Reincarnation
• Vedas and Upanishads
Virginia Standards of Learning
World History & Geography 1500 to Present
WHII.2
THE WORLD AT 1500
2012-2013
Renaissance – “Rebirth” of Greco-Roman knowledge.
Spread from Italian City-States to Northern Europe.
Michelangelo
- Painted Sistine Chapel
- Carved David and Pieta
Da Vinci
- Painted Mona Lisa and The Last Supper
- Renaissance Man (painter, sculptor, architect)
Shakespeare
- Playwright (drama)
- Romeo & Juliet, Macbeth, King Lear, etc.
Humanism – Emphasis on
human intellect and scholarship.
Petrarch
- Father of Humanism
- Sonnets to Laura
Erasmus
- Praise of Folly
- Criticized Catholic Church
Medici – family in Florence supported
the arts and the Renaissance.
Machiavelli
- The Prince
- Rulers should seek power and success at any
price.
Sir Thomas More
- Utopia
- How to create the perfect world.
Virginia Standards of Learning
World History & Geography 1500 to Present
WHII.3
THE REFORMATION
2012-2013
The Protestant Reformation
Catholic Church
- Selling indulgences to lessen punishments for sin.
- Pope maintained absolute power.
- Against Usury
Catholics
- Forbidden to practice usury.
- Angered by Italian domination.
- Had to buy indulgences and follow church law.
Reformation in Germany
Martin Luther (Lutheranism)
- Posted 95 Theses, starting the Protestant Reformation
- Refused to Recant at Diet of Worms; Excommunicated
Faith Alone
Ultimate Authority – Bible, not Pope
Nobody more important to God
Thirty Years War
- Hapsburg Family supported Catholics and German
Princes supported Luther (for freedom and power).
- Civil War breaks out, and Cardinal Richelieu (France)
supports the Protestants to defeat the Hapsburgs and
take power.
Reformation in France
John Calvin (Calvinism)
- Fled to Geneva, Switzerland and established a Theocracy.
- Wrote Institutes on the Christian Religion.
Predestination – God elects the faithful.
One’s morality – Actions will show election into the faith.
Word – God’s word (Bible) is ultimate authority.
Edict of Nantes
- King Henry of France, converted to Protestantism after
becoming King.
- Signed the EDICT OF NANTES giving freedom to French
Protestants (Huguenots – Calvinists).
Reformation in England
King Henry VIII
- Creates Anglican Church and names himself
leader when the Pope denies his divorce.
- Catholic Church loses all power and wealth in
England.
Elizabeth I
- Reorganizes Anglicanism.
- Names Anglicanism the Official Church of
England.
- Defeats Spanish Armada in 1588.
Catholic Counter Reformation
Ignatius de Loyola
- Founded the Jesuits (Society of Jesus) to keep believers
in the Catholic Faith.
Catholic Church
- Inquisition: Court to try and punish Catholic heretics.
- Council of Trent: Reaffirmed Catholic Doctrine; ended
indulgences, still said Pope is ultimate authority.
Virginia Standards of Learning
World History & Geography 1500 to Present
WHII.4
AGE OF DISCOVERY
2012-2013
Motivations for Exploration
Constantinople falls and Europe turns towards the Atlantic.
God
- Colonists
convert
indigenous
people to
Christianity.
Gold
- Gain wealth
with gold and
other natural
resources.
Glory
- Political & econ.
strength.
- Prince Henry
the Navigator
inspires
exploration.
Spain, Portugal, England, and France
Sailed For
Discovered/
Accomplished
Christopher
Columbus
Spain
The New World
(Hispaniola, Caribbean
Islands)
Hernando Cortez
Conquistador
Spain
Defeated Aztec Empire
(S. America)
Spain
Defeated Inca, Peru
Empire
(S. America)
Explorer
Franciso Pizzaro
Conquistador
Explorer
Sailed For
Discovered/
Accomplished
Jacques Cartier
France
Canada
John Cabot
England
Northern route to
Americas
(Newfoundland, New
England)
Vasco da Gama
Portugal
Trade route to India
Pedro Cabral
Portugal
Brazil (S. America)
Exploration in the Americas
Colonies established
in North and South
America
Support
Mother
Country
Spread
Mother
Country
Culture
Demise of Aztec &
Inca Empires in South
America
Rigid
colonial
rule est.
Forced
migration
of slaves
to work.
Columbian Exchange
and Triangular Trade
begin
Natural
Resources
exported
Slaves
and
diseases
imported
NEW WORLD
HORSES
CATTLE
SMALLPOX
The Columbian Exchange
AFRICA
SLAVES
OLD WORLD
CORN
POTATOES
TOBACCO
Exploration in Africa
Colonial Trading posts
established along the coasts
Triangular Trade
Gold and
Slaves
EXported
Manufactured
goods (rum,
textiles)
IMported.
Europe sends
manufactured goods
(textiles, rum) to
Africa.
America sends
natural resources
(cotton, tobacco,
sugar) to Europe.
SLAVES
Africa sends slaves to
America based upon
race.
Exploration in Asia
Dutch (Netherlands) and
English discover spice trade in
Southeast Asia
European Trade Companies
Established
Dutch East
Indies form a
MONOPOLY
British East
Indies
eventually
control the
spice trade
Virginia Standards of Learning
World History & Geography 1500 to Present
WHII.5
GLOBAL TRADE
2012-2013
Geography
• Original Location: Asia Minor/ Anatolia
• Modern Location: Turkey
• Capital: Constantinople, renamed Istanbul
Europe
Africa
Asia
Ottoman Empire
Expansion
• North Africa, Southwest Asia,
Northeast Europe
Development
• Unifying Force: Islamic Religion
• Trade: Coffee and Ceramics
Suleiman “the
Magnificent”
• Established Islamic Social Laws
• Simplified Taxes
• Reduced Government
Mughal Empire
Geography
Contributions
• Original AND Modern Location:
Northern India
• Spread of Islam into India
• Indian Ocean Trade
• Influence of British Textiles
• Taj Mahal: Tomb for the wife of Shah
Jahan
China & Japan
China
• Enclaves: Keep foreigners out.
• Isolationism: Stay away from
foreigners.
• Increase in European demand for
goods.
Japan
• Weak Emperor (Gov’t), Strong SHOGUN
(Military)
• Isolationism
• Mathew Perry negotiates trade
Ottoman
Empire
Mughal
Empire
Africa
Imports
• Manufactured Goods
• Corn
• Peanuts
Exports
• Slaves
• Gold
• Ivory
Trade
Geography
• Triangular Trade
• Slaves along the Middle Passage
Mercantilism
• What is it?
– There is a FIXED amount of wealth, so in
order to get more, it must be taken from
someone else.
– Colonies should benefit the Mother Country
Power
8
7
1
6
5
4
9
3
2
1. Ottoman
Empire
2. Mughal
Empire
3. China (Ming
and Qing)
4. Japan
(Tokugawa)
5. Spain
6. Portugal
7. France
8. Great
Britain
9. Africa
(Songhai)