Transcript Pests - Effingham County Schools

Welcome
to the
World of Insects
Importance of Insects
to Agriculture
PESTS
4
– eat our foods
- damage our crops
- spread plant, human,
and animal diseases
5
Importance of Insects
to Agriculture
PESTS
6
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- infest our homes
- infest our animals
and our bodies
- sting us
(venomous)
8
Importance of Insects
to Agriculture
PESTS
- annoy us
- cause unsightly damage
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Importance of insects
to Agriculture
BENEFITS
11
– pollinate our plants
- degrade and recycle nutrients
Importance of Insects
to Agriculture
BENEFITS
- feed on pest species
12
- food for other animals
Importance of insects
to Agriculture
BENEFITS
- used in research and medicine
- provide natural products (e.g.,
honey, beeswax,
silk, dye, and
shellac)
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MOST OF US RECOGNIZE
BEETLES AS MAJOR PESTS!!
DID YOU KNOW THAT
SOME PEOPLE “TREASURE”
THEM AS COLLECTIBLES??
How many insects are
there in the world?
- about one million insect
species have been described
- scientists estimate that there
may be as many as 10 million different
types of insects!!
- there are about 200 million insects
for every human on earth!!
How many insects are
there in the world?
-insects comprise about
10% of the earth’s weight
-insects represent about
80 to 85% of all life on earth
PEST FACT
The insect population of the world is
at least 1,000,000,000,000,000,000.
Averaging the weight of each insect
as 2.5 mg, the weight of the earth's
insect population exceeds that of
human inhabitants by a factor of 12.
Fortunately, most of these
insects cause us no harm
- only about 10% of all insects cause
us the greatest amount of pain,
anguish, and economic loss
- because each one of you will come
into contact with many types of
organisms, it is important to properly
identify them to effectively manage
them
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What makes an organism
an INSECT??
[generally speaking]
- three body parts [head, thorax, and
abdomen]
- six legs
- one pair of antennae
- one pair of compound eyes
- an exoskeleton
- most adult insects have wings
INSECTS are experts
at two biological functions:
1) eating
2) reproducing
[unfortunately, they
do both of them
extremely well!]
How can we separate
or classify INSECTS??
1) by the use of a written key
[generally uses body parts]
2) by the type of damage that they
cause [e.g., borer, gall former, leaf
feeder]
3) by the type of mouthparts that they
have or their manner of feeding
[e.g., chewing or piercing-sucking]
These types of
classifications
help us to quickly
place a “general label”
on the “problem”
insect!!
Types of Mouthparts
[piercing-sucking]
24
Types of Mouthparts
[chewing]
Types of wings
and venation of wings
28
Types of development
“WHITE ANTS”
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CAN YOU MATCH THESE
PHYSICAL WONDERS?
1) Run 50 body lengths in 1 second
(cockroach)
= a six-foot person running
ca. 206 miles per hour
CAN YOU MATCH THESE
PHYSICAL WONDERS?
1) Run 50 body lengths in 1 second
(cockroach)
2) Flap your arms (“wings”) 300 times
in 1 second (flying mosquito)
= about one million times
per hour
CAN YOU MATCH THESE
PHYSICAL WONDERS?
1) Run 50 body lengths in 1 second
(cockroach)
2) Flap your arms (“wings”) 300 times
in 1 second (flying mosquito)
3) Jump 130 times your height (flea)
= a six-foot person jumping
780 feet
CAN YOU MATCH THESE
PHYSICAL WONDERS?
1) Run 50 body lengths in 1 second
(cockroach)
2) Flap your arms (“wings”) 300 times
in 1 second (flying mosquito)
3) Jump 130 times your height (flea)
4) Lift 10-50 times your weight (ant)
= a 200 lb person lifting
one to five tons!
CAN YOU MATCH THESE
PHYSICAL WONDERS?
1) Run 50 body lengths in 1 second
(cockroach)
2) Flap your arms (“wings”) 300 times
in 1 second (flying mosquito)
3) Jump 130 times your height (flea)
4) Lift 10-50 times your weight (ant)
5) Hear with your legs (cricket)
INSECTS
THEY ARE EVERYWHERE!!
1) in the air
2) in the water
3) in the soil
4) in our homes
5) on our plants
6) on our animals
7) on our bodies!!