Transcript ARTHROPODS - Fox Valley Lutheran High School

ARTHROPODS













CRUSTACEANS
Vary in size and locations
Hard exoskeleton, two pairs of antennae, & mandibles
Fig. 28-23
Head,thorax, & abdomen,
Cephalothroax: head and thorax fused here, covered with carapace.
Antennae: 2nd pair of appendagesused for filter feeding, oars, and
sense organs
Mandibles: 3rd pair of appendages, mouthparts,
Appendages on thorax and abdomen vary:
barnacles: feathery for filter feeding
legs for walking or paddling for swimming
claws
swimmerets: located on the abdomen
INSECTS












Characterized by long, wormlike body composed of leg-bearing segments
CENTIPEDE
Carnivores: poison claws in the head region
One pair of legs/body segment (15-170 legs)
MILLIPEDE
Two pair of legs/body segment
Feed on dead/decaying plant material
Timid, roll in ball or secret unpleasant/toxic chemicals
INSECTS:
Characterized by a body w/3 parts-head, thorax, and abdomen- and
has three pair of legs attached to the throax.
FEEDING: fig. 28-27 (mouth parts)
Saliva producing digestive enzymes: honey bee, mosquitoes
INSECTS













MOVEMENT
Three pair of walking legs w/ hooks at end
Large muscles in thorax for wing attachment (up to 53 kph)
Oversized mitochondria to operate wings keeping temp. up
INSECT SOCIETIES
Collection of individuals of the same species who divide up the labor
Castes: types of individuals who make up the colony
Reproductive males and females, & workers
Queens: only one/colony, typically the largest individual
Lay eggs: termite queen can lay 30,000/day
Reproductive males: only job to fertilize the queen’s eggs
With bees the successful males die, and unsuccessful are banished
Workers: Do everything else: care for young, build and repair hives,
gather & store food, defend hive
INSECTS










INSECT COMMUNICATION
Use sound, visual, chemical, and other types of communication ????
Pheromones: chemical messengers that affects the behavior and/or
development of other individuals of the same species.
Worker ants and food: She heads back to the nest dragging her
abdomen on the ground leaving behind a trail of pheromone.
Queens produce queen substance preventing the development of rival
eggs. So, female larvae develop as workers not queens.
Honeybees use sound and movement as well as pheromones.
Fig. 28-32
Round Dance and Waggle Dance
HOW ARTHROPODS FIT INTO THE WORLD?
Pollination, Food, Pest Control, Symbiotic Relationships, Chemicals we
need, Agriculture, Damage: crops and livestock, Infections