Transcript Presentation

In biology, if a group has many different
forms and types and appearances, we say
they have a great amount of…………………...
DIVERSITY
How many different kinds of arthropods can
you name?
Arthropods
By nearly any measure, the most successful animals on the
planet are the arthropods. They have conquered land, sea and
air, and make up over three-fourths of all currently known
living and fossil organisms, or over one million species in all.
Phylum Arthropoda
Makes up 3/4's of all
animal species -total
number of arthropod
species is MORE than
all other species
combined
Main Characteristics
●Jointed appendages *
●Segmented body
●Headthoraxabdomen
The word “arthropoda”
means… joint foot
*An appendage is any
extension from the body
Some have fused head and
thorax - cephalothorax
Exoskeletons provide support and
protection
The skeleton does not grow and must be
shed as the
animal grows
- MOLTING
Vulnerable to
predators
during molting
Arthropods feed a variety of different ways
because of the different mouthparts each
species has.
●Mandibles – chewing mouthparts
- open side-to-side
Terrestrial arthropods breathe through
branching tracheal tubes, spircales, or
book lungs.
Aquatic arthropods breathe through
featherlike gills.
Arthropods have an open circulatory
system, and they dispose of
nitrogenous wastes using Malpighian
tubules.
Arthropods have one of the best and
well developed nervous systems.
They have a brain and a sophsitcated
sense organ used for gathering
information.
Many have compound eyes, which are
made up of individual units
Arthropods move using well
developed groups of muscles
that are coordinated and
controlled by the nervous
system.
Terrestrial= Internal
fertilization
Aquatic= Internal and
External fertilization
●Metamorphosis – dramatic physical change
Complete metamorphosis
Eggslarvaadult
Incomplete metamorphosis
Eggsnymphadult
How are maggots used in
medicine?
Classification
Kingdom Animalia
Phylum Arthropoda
Subphylum
1. Chelicerates
2. Crustaceans
(spiders and scorpions)
(lobsters, crabs, shrimp,
crayfish)
3. Uniramia
centipedes)
(insects, millipedes,
Crustaceans
Marine members include
shrimp, lobster, barnacles, &
crabs
Terrestrial crustaceans called
isopods (rollypollys)
Freshwater crustaceans include
crawfish and daphnia
Crustaceans
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All have mandibles for chewing
Have cephalothorax and abdomen
Lobsters and large crustaceans called decapods
Barnacles are sessile
Have 10 pairs of jointed
appendages
4 pairs of legs
2 claws (chelipeds)
2 pair of antennae
Can also have swimmerets
Breathe through gills
Chelicerates
●Spiders, ticks and scorpions
●2 body segments
cephalothorax, abdomen
●8 legs
●No antenna
Spiders belong to a special
group called *Arachnids
Spider Parts
Chelicerae - specialized mouthparts used for biting
Pedipalps - appendages near the mouth used to
manipulate prey
Spinnerets - used to secrete a web
Walking legs – 4 pairs used for movement
Centipedes (Class Chilopoda)
Predators
1 pair of legs per segment
Name means “100 legs”
Flattened body
Pincers can inject venom
Millipedes (Class Diplopoda)
Herbivores or scavengers
2 pair of legs per segment
Name means “1000” legs
Rounded body
Insects
●3 pairs of legs attached to thorax
●1 pair of antennae
●3 body segments (head, thorax, abdomen)
Insects
Wings in most
All appendages attached to the thorax
9-11 segments in abdomen
Mandibles for chewing
Insects belong to the CLASS INSECTA
There are many insect orders, some
examples…
Bees, ants, wasps (Hymenoptera)
Beetles (Coleoptera)
Crickets and grasshoppers (Orthoptera)
Damselflies and dragonflies (Odonata)
Stick and leaf insects (Phasmatodea)
 Insects have compound eyes that detect
minute changes in color or movement. They
have chemical receptors for taste and smell
on their mouth and antennae. They posses
sensory hair that allows them to detect any
movement in air or water. Insects can also
hear sounds far above the human range.
Insects produce a saliva containing
digestive enzymes to break down
food. Each species has a specialized
mouth for its specific diet.
Insects have 3 pairs of legs used for
catching and holding prey, walking,
or jumping. Flight differs in each
animal.
Most insects mostly
communicate to find a mate or
tell each other where food is.
Social Insects
Queen: lays eggs (1 queen per
hive)
Drones: a few males to fertilize
the eggs
Workers: all infertile females
Random Facts about
Arthropods
Ticks can carry lyme disease
Some centipedes are venomous.
Tarantulas are venomous, but
most are docile and can be
handled gently.
Some insects use MIMICRY to trick predators into
thinking they can sting. This is a fly, not a wasp.
What is the difference between a moth (1st picture) and a
butterfly (2nd) ?
Moth antennae end in clubs, they’re bodies are
often furrier and when at rest, their wings are flat
(butterflies rest with the wings pointing up.
Brown recluse bites
cause necrosis (death of
tissue).
These spiders are
common in U.S.
homes
Black widows are also dangerous.
Termites are social
insects.
Australian termites
have been known to
build mounds twenty
feet high and at least
100 feet wide.
Head lice are a
parasitic species of
insect.
Don’t share hats and
A female flea can consume
15 times its body weight
(in blood) on a daily basis.
Fleas were carriers of
the black plague.
Beetles have the most diversity.
Aphids are born pregnant
without the benefit of sex.
Aphids can give birth 10
days after being born
themselves.
No two human
beings have the
same fingerprint;
likewise, no two
spider webs are the
same.
Man can survive for
40 days without food
but not without
water but an adult
bedbug can survive
up to one
year without feeding.
Asian hornet's sting
has a higher
concentration of the
pain-causing
chemical called
Acetylcholine than
any other stinging
insect and an
enzyme in its venom
can dissolve human
tissue.
A typical bed usually houses over
6 billion dust mites. That's why
the bed is said to be the dirtiest
part of the house.
Ants don't sleep and they are
social insects that live in colonies
which may have as many as
500,000 individuals.
When ants find food, they
lay down a chemical trail,
called a pheromone, so that
other ants can find their
way from the nest to the
food source. Worker ants
may live seven years and
the queen may live as long
as 15 years.
Dragonflies can fly
forward, sideward
and backward and
they are one of the
fastest flying insects
with an average of
50 to 60 mph.
Each year, insects
eat 1/3 of the Earth's
food crop.
Bee vs. Spider!
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qxbuysNGLOM