Transcript The Nervous System

Brain Teaser
AHIMNOTUVW
Which of the letters above does not belong with
the rest?
N It is not a mirror-image of itself
Function of the Nervous System
1. Control center for all body activities
2. Responds and adapts to changes that occur
both inside and outside the body (Ex: pain,
temperature, pregnancy)
3. Carries electrical messages to and from the
brain and spinal cord.
When the brain ceases functioning, the body
dies.
Structures of the Nervous System
• Nervous System is divided into:
1. Central nervous system (brain and
spinal cord).
2. Peripheral nervous system (cranial
nerves and spinal nerves)
• Nerve is one or more bundles of
impulse carrying fibers that connect
the brain and spinal cord with body.
Central Nervous System
Neurons : microscopic
nerve cells that make
up the brain, spinal
cord, and nerves
- 30,000 neurons can fit
on a pinhead
Parts of the brain
Brains (encephalo)
divided into:
1. Cerebrum
2. Cerebellum
3. Brainstem
Medical terms related to nervous
system
• Alzheimer disease: Brain disorder marked by
deterioration of mental capacity
• Epilepsy: Chronic brain disorder characterized by
recurrent seizure activity.
• Meningitis: Inflammation of the meninges
(membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord)
• Multiple sclerosis: Destruction of the myelin
sheath on nerve cells in the central nervous system ,
with replacement by hard tissues.
Diagnosis procedure
Cerebral angiography:
X-ray image of blood vessels in the brain after injection of
contrast
Echoencephalography(C.C.G):
Record of the electrical activity in the brain
Computed tomography (C.T scan):
Cross-sectional x-ray images of the brain and spinal
cord
Surgical therapeutic procedure
1.Cryosurgery (An instrument with a nozzle is used to spray
liquid nitrogen or liquid carbon dioxide to freeze and destroy
abnormal tissue)
2.spinal puncture, spinal tap
3.vagotomy (removal of, or at least severing) of part of the vagus
nerve
Some abbreviations
•EEG: electro encephalon gram
•LP: lumber puncture
•MS: multiple sclerosis
•CNS: Central nervous system
•CVA: cerebra vascular accident
•ICP: intra cranial pressure
•MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging
•ANS: autonomic nervous system
•CP: Cerebral palsy
•CT Scan: computed tomography
•TIA: transient ischemic attack