Transcript Oral Presentation 4

Parkinson’s Test
Device
Development
Erin Sikkel and Tiffany Feltman
Project Description
• Quantify ways in which Parkinson’s
patients respond to stimulation
• Create a software program for use
with a laptop computer that a doctor
could bring to the clinic or operating
room in which we have a patient use a
joy-stick to track an object on the
screen that moves around and
measures the time it takes to follow
that object around the screen.
• Able to output that timed response
into an excel file
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Parkinson’s Disease
• A disorder of the brain that occurs when the
neurons in the substantia nigra die or become
slightly impaired.
• These neurons usually produce the chemical
dopamine which allows for smooth, coordinated
functioning of the muscles in the body.
• Some of the main symptoms are tremors,
slowness of movement, rigidity, and difficulty
with balance.
• These problems can lead to a deeper state of the
disease which includes small handwriting, stiff
facial expression, shuffling walk, muffled
speech, which all lead to depression.
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Parkinson’s Disease
• Affects 1.5 million Americans
• Affected after the age of 65, but roughly
15% are diagnosed under the age of 50.
• According to these demographics, the
market size for this project is great.
• The market size for this product would be
high since it will give a greater insight
into the brain stimulation and allow
doctors and researchers to find out more
about the disease and how to treat it.
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Current Diagnosis
• There are currently no lab tests to
diagnose Parkinson’s disease yet
• A systematic neurological exam will
include:
• Testing reflexes
• Muscle strength
• Coordination
• Balance
• Details of movement
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Primary Objective
• Create a device
that is easier for
people to use with
motor disorders
• Have a device that
is compatible with
the software being
used for diagnosis
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Problem
• Too confusing
• Too hard for the
patient to use
• Atari 2600
joystick, the
one we will be
manipulating
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Atari Joystick
This is the Atari joystick circuit that we will be manipulating.
PC has only analogue joystick connector. This makes it impossible to
connect a normal digital joystick to it. Thus with the Atari
joystick, we will need to use an adapter circuit. This will allow
us to use the Atari joystick with IBM PC joystick interface. The
circuit will adapt the joystick connectors and then convert the
digital joystick movement signals to analog signals
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Fitt’s Law
• It is a model of human
psychomotor behavior
• It will measure the difficulty of the
motor tasks, the index of
performance, and the information
capacity of the human motor
system
• This will allow us to use a
number method to diagnose
Parkinson’s disease
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Fitt’s Law
MT = a + b log2(2A/W + c)
MT = movement time
a and b = empirically determined constants that are device
dependent
c = a constant of 0, 0.5, or 1
A = the distance (amplitude) of movement from start to target
center
W = the width of the target, which corresponds to “Accuracy”
The Index of Difficulty (ID) is:
log2(2A/W + c)
1/b is the index of performance (IP) which measures the information
capacity of the human motor system
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Fitt’s Law
• We will implement this law to
help us determine the ratios and
degrees to which we will quantify
Parkinson’s Disease (current work)
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Shows the deep brain stimulator on and the repulsion task
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Shows the deep brain stimulator off and the repulsion task
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Tasks Underway
• Trying to set up a time to go in and
observe Parkinson’s patients by
talking with Dr. Konrad once we get
together with the grad students
• Finalizing and discussing what should
be done to make the modifications to
the joystick to determine the best
design for both the patients and the
doctors
• Doing research into the circuit of the
Atari joystick to make sure we are
manipulating the right leads
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Proposed Hardware
• Atari Joystick previously explained
• Deciding on the best way to design the
joystick
– Continuation on decisions of how to make it easy
to hold (knob) because it needs to be easy for
patients with Parkinson’s as well as easy to
understand for elderly patients
– Decided to try to use 2 clamps to hold the
joystick onto the table for the patient’s use.
• This will be tried once the joystick configuration is
finished in 2 weeks
– Adjusting and re-arranging the circuit right now
to find a way to get rid of the resistance so that
it doesn’t return to center
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Tasks Accomplished
• Received joystick on March 13, 2006
• Group Meeting to start manipulations
on the joystick on March 14, 2006
and to look over the circuit
• Group Meeting March 19, 2006 to
discuss manipulations that need to
be made
• Group Meeting March 20, 2006 to put
together presentation
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Tasks to Accomplish
• Set up a meeting to discuss with Dr. Konrad our
design ideas and determine which one would be
the best for the patients as well as the doctors
• Finalize the modifications to the circuit and the
joysticks hardware
• Set up a time to go into Dr. Konrad’s office to
work with patients
• Restructuring Oral Presentation 4 – talking to the
graduate students to try to get a screen shot of
how the program will work or a video
• Still working to get some data for Fitt’s law to
present
• Set up a meeting with the graduate students to
try using our joystick with their program
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