Transcript Mirror lecture - School of Life Sciences

Perception-action
mediation in music
Stefan Koelsch
Perception of Musical Sounds
@ University of Sussex
Stefan Koelsch, Univ of Sussex
Common Coding
Prinz, European Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 1997
Stefan Koelsch, Univ of Sussex
motor theory of speech perception
• (perception of) speech is decoded by the same processes
that are involved in speech production (Liberman & Mattingly,
1985)
Stefan Koelsch, Univ of Sussex
Koelsch & Siebel, TICS, 2005
Stefan Koelsch, Univ of Sussex
„mirror neuron“
The experimenter grasps a piece of food with his hand then moves it toward
the monkey, who, at the end of the trial, grasps it. The neuron discharges
during observation of the grip, ceases to fire when the food is given to the
monkey and discharges again when the monkey grasps it.
Adapted from Rizzolatti et al. (1996) Cogn. Brain Res. 3, 131–141
Stefan Koelsch, Univ of Sussex
Perception – action mediation in pianists
Haueisen & Knoesche, JOCN 2001
Stefan Koelsch, Univ of Sussex
Perception – action mediation in pianists
Haueisen & Knoesche, JOCN 2001
Stefan Koelsch, Univ of Sussex
PM neurons responding to sounds
Example of a neuron that discharges
when the monkey performs a hand
action (not shown). This neuron also
responded to the vision and sound of a
tearing action (paper ripping; V+S).
Simply hearing the sound of the same
action (performed out of the monkey’s
sight) was equally effective (S). Sounds
that were non–action-related (white
noise, monkey calls) did not evoke any
excitatory response (CS1, CS2).
Rastergrams are shown together with
spike density functions. Vertical lines
indicate the time when the sound
occurred. Traces under the spike
density functions in S and in CS
conditions are oscillograms of the
sounds used to test the neurons.
Kohler E, et al., Science 2002
Stefan Koelsch, Univ of Sussex
Perception – action mediation in nonmusicians
Callan et al., NeuroImage 2006
Stefan Koelsch, Univ of Sussex
Perception – action mediation in nonmusicians
Callan et al., NeuroImage 2006
Stefan Koelsch, Univ of Sussex
Training of perception – action mediation with music
Lahav, Saltzman & Schlaug, J Neurosci 2007
Stefan Koelsch, Univ of Sussex
perception – action – mediation and emotion
Koelsch, Fritz & Mueller, et al Human Brain Mapping 2006
Stefan Koelsch, Univ of Sussex
Perception – action („mirror“) mechanisms serve ...
• The understanding of actions
• The learning of actions
• Prediction of actions of others
Stefan Koelsch, Univ of Sussex
Premotor codes are also used for Working memory
Koelsch, Schulze, Sammler, et al., Human Brain Mapp, in press
Stefan Koelsch, Univ of Sussex