Transcript Central Nervous System (CNS)

Nervous System Basics
I. Function
II. Subdivisions
III. Anatomy
Functions of the Nervous System
1. Sensory Input
Functions of the Nervous System
1. Sensory Input
2. Integration
Functions of the Nervous System
1. Sensory Input
2. Integration
3. Motor Output
Nervous System Basics
I. Function
II. Subdivisions
III. Anatomy
Nervous system
CNS
PNS
Nervous System Organization
• Central Nervous System (CNS)
– Brain & Spinal Cord
Nervous System Organization
• Central Nervous System (CNS)
– Brain & Spinal Cord
– Integration Center
Nervous System Organization
• Central Nervous System (CNS)
– Brain & Spinal Cord
– Integration Center
– Interpret stimuli & cause motor
response
Nervous System Organization
• Central Nervous System (CNS)
– Brain & Spinal Cord
– Integration Center
– Interpret stimuli & cause motor
responses
• Peripheral Nervous System
– Spinal & Cranial Nerves
Nervous System Organization
• Central Nervous System (CNS)
– Brain & Spinal Cord
– Integration Center
– Interpret stimuli & cause motor
responses
• Peripheral Nervous System
– Spinal & Cranial Nerves
– Link body to CNS
Nervous system
CNS
PNS
Efferent
Afferent
Subdivisions of the PNS
• Sensory (Afferent) Division
– Carry impulse to CNS
Subdivisions of the PNS
• Sensory (Afferent) Division
– Carry impulse to CNS
• Receptor types
– Somatic sensory receptors
– Visceral sensory receptors
Nervous System Organization
• Central Nervous System (CNS)
– Brain & Spinal Cord
– Integration Center
– Interpret stimuli & cause motor
responses
• Peripheral Nervous System
– Spinal & Cranial Nerves
– Link body to CNS
Subdivisions of the PNS
• Motor (Efferent) Division
– Carry impulse from CNS
to the _________ organs
Subdivisions of the PNS
• Motor (Efferent) Division
– Carry impulse from CNS
to the _________ organs
• Potential Effects:
– Muscle contraction
Subdivisions of the PNS
• Motor (Efferent) Division
– Carry impulse from CNS
to the _________ organs
• Potential Effects:
– Muscle contraction
– Hormone secretion
Nervous system
CNS
PNS
Efferent
Somatic
Autonomic
Afferent
Efferent Subdivisions
• Somatic Nervous System
– Motor nerves carrying
impulse to _______ muscle
Efferent Subdivisions
• Somatic Nervous System
– Motor nerves carrying
impulse to _______ muscle
– “Voluntary Nervous System”
Efferent Subdivisions
• Somatic Nervous System
– Motor nerves carrying
impulse to _______ muscle
– “Voluntary Nervous System”
– Conscious control
Efferent Subdivisions
• Autonomic Nervous System
– Motor nerves carrying impulse
to glands, ________ & _______
muscle
Efferent Subdivisions
• Autonomic Nervous System
– Motor nerves carrying impulse
to glands, ________ & _______
muscle
– “Involuntary Nervous System”
Efferent Subdivisions
• Autonomic Nervous System
– Motor nerves carrying impulse
to glands, ________ & _______
muscle
– “Involuntary Nervous System”
– Runs on “Autopilot”
Efferent Subdivisions
• Autonomic Nervous System
– Motor nerves carrying impulse
to glands, ________ & _______
muscle
– “Involuntary Nervous System”
– Runs on “Autopilot”
– Maintains homeostasis
Nervous system
CNS
PNS
Efferent
Somatic
Afferent
Autonomic
Sympathetic
Parasympathetic
Autonomic Nervous System
• Sympathetic Nervous System
– Emergency situations
– “Fight of Flight” response
– Effects on body include:
•
•
•
•
sweating
scalp “prickling”
increased heart rate
Adrenalin release
Autonomic NS Subdivisions
• Parasympathetic
– Non-emergency situations
Autonomic NS Subdivisions
• Parasympathetic
– Non-emergency situations
– “Resting and Digesting”
Autonomic NS Subdivisions
• Parasympathetic
– Non-emergency situations
– “Resting and Digesting”
– Effects include:
• decreased heart rate
• increases peristalsis
• bladder contraction
Nervous System Basics
I. Function
II. Subdivisions
III. Anatomy
Types of Nervous Tissue
1. Neuroglia (“nerve glue”)
• Supporting skeleton for nerves
Types of Nervous Tissue
1. Neuroglia (“nerve glue”)
• Supporting skeleton for nerves
• Insulate nerves by forming a “myelin
sheath”
Types of Nervous Tissue
1. Neuroglia (“nerve glue”)
• Supporting skeleton for nerves
• Insulate nerves by forming a “myelin
sheath”
2. Neuron (nerve cells)
• Specialized cells that transmit _________
impulses
Dendrites
Cell
Body
Receive signals from
other __________
Axon
Synaptic
Terminal
Dendrites
Cell
Body
Contains nucleus and
organelles
Axon
Synaptic
Terminal
Dendrites
Cell
Body
Generates and
transmits the ________
potential
Axon
Synaptic
Terminal
Dendrites
Sends chemical signals
Cell
Body called _____________
to adjacent neurons
Axon
Synaptic
Terminal
Communication Between Neurons
Sending Neuron
Receiving Neuron
Synapse
What is a Nerve?
What is a Nerve?
Nerve .
Bundle
Nerve
Neuron
Motor root Carries signal out to
organs
Motor root Carries signal out to
organs
Sensory root –
Carries signal in from
organs
Motor root Carries signal out to
organs
Sensory root –
Carries signal in from
organs
Motor + Sensory Root =
Spinal Nerve
Dura Mater Tough Protective
tissue
Motor root Carries signal out to
organs
Sensory root –
Carries signal in from
organs
Motor + Sensory Root =
Spinal Nerve
Summary
• Nervous system allows for sensory input,
integration, and response to stimuli
• Nervous system can be subdivided based
on function and location
• Nerves transmit electrical impulses down
an axon