Transcript Chapter 5 Sensation and Perception

Chapter 8
Sensation and Perception
Psychology
Sensation
Sensation
is created by colors sounds
tastes smells ect..
Perception is the organization of this
stimuli into meaningful information
Perception at work
Absolute Threshold
Least
amount of
stimuli that can be
sensed
Ex: candle flame
30 miles on a dark
night,
ticking
20 feet,
watch at
1drop
of perfume
in a small house,
1
tsp of sugar in a
gallon of water
wing
of a fly .4in
Difference Threshold
The
minimum
amount of
difference that can
be detected
between 2 stimuli
Signal Detection theory
Takes
into account
your setting, phy and
psy state, mood and
attitude
Sensory Adaptation
The
process which we become more
sensitive to weak stimuli and less
sensitive to unchanging stimuli
Passing trucks in a new home
Vision
Light
Not
all light is visible
Ultraviolet and infrared
Wave length vary
The eye
Like
a camera
Light
enters through pupil
It is focused onto the lens
It is projected onto the retina
photoreceptors
The image is upside down and full of
holes-brain puts it together
Eye
Blind
spot
Located
where the optic nerve leaves
the eye
With out the blind spot the image
would never make it to the brain
Eye
2
types of photoreceptors
Rods
and Cones
Rods-light brightness allow us to see
in black and white dim light
Cones-add color to our world
Eye
Visual Acuity
Sharpness
in vision in normal light
The ability to see details
Near sighted brings object closer to
see detail
Far sighted move objects away to see
detail
Age=far sighted lens becomes brittle
Eye
Color
vision
Dogs
& cats see fewer colors
Color blindness-malfunctioning cones
Hearing
Pitch
How
high of low the sound is
Speed of the sound wave
Number of cycles per second
The more cycles the higher the pitch
Hearing
Loudness
Height
of sound waves
Measured in decibels db
0 is the thresh hold ticking watch at 20
ft away
The Ear
Shaped
to catch sound
Outer and inner ear
Transmits sounds to the brain
Eardrum is the gateway between the
inner and outer ear
The eardrum
A thin
membrane that vibrates when
a sound wave strikes it
The vibrations are sent to the 3 small
bones
Hammer,
body
anvil, stirrup-smallest in the
The inner ear
Cochlea
Bony
tube that looks like a snail
Filled with fluids and neurons that
move in response to the vibrations of
the fluids this generates neural
impulses that are sent to the Auditory
nerve
Deafness
Conductive
Naturally
Deafness
as we age
Damage to the middle ear
Deafness
Sensorineural
Cased
deafness
by damage to the innder ear
Damage to the cochlea
From loud noises
Heather Whitestone
Mrs. America
Ballet
1995
dancer
American Sign language
Smell
Key
to taste
Receptors in the nostrils
Olfactory nerve sends message to the
brain
Adapts to smells
taste
Four
basic tastes
Sweet, Salty, Bitter, Sour
Smell, texture, temperature
Skin
Pressure
sensed by the hairs on your
body
Different parts of the body are more
sensitive than others
Skin
Temperature
Neurons
just beneath the skin
We adapt to temp
Pain
Message
to the brain
Why do we rub, blow, or scratch
Gate
way theory
System overload
Vestibular sense
Ability
to tell if you are upright with
out using your eyes
falling
Kinesthesis
Where
the other parts of our bodies
are located
How newborns find their own
mouths
Limb falls asleep