Transcript Document
By: Dan Schwent Craig Manze Ricky Barrios The nervous system is the body’s information gatherer, storage center, and control system. Its overall function is to collect information about the external conditions in relation to the body’s external state, to analyze this information, and initiate appropriate responses to satisfy certain needs. The main parts of the nervous system are the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. Nerves are thin threads of neurons. Bundled together and carry messages like a telephone wire. Sensory nerves send messages to the brain and generally connect to the brain to all the muscles and glands in the body. When neurons are stimulated by heat, cold, touch, sound vibration, or some other message it begins to generate a tiny electric pulse. This electricity and chemical change travels the full length of the neuron. The electrical pulse in the cell triggers the release of chemicals that carry the pulse to the next cell; and so on. Dendrites receive information from other cells and transmit the message to the cell body. Nucleus 1: An external force causes the neurons to become stimulated and receive a message. 2: The message moves from the point of stimulation to the spinal cord. 3: The message is then sent up the spinal cord to the brain where it is interpreted and a reaction is decided 4: The reaction to the situation is then sent down the spinal cord to the point of stimulation. 5:Muscles cause a reaction to the external force. The Brain is divided into the brainstem, the cerebellum, Thalamus, Hypothalamus, Parietal lobe, Temporal lobe, Frontal lobe, and Occipital lobe. The Brainstem: Regulates body processes that are not consciously controlled, like breathing and heartbeat. The Cerebellum: Coordinates voluntary muscle movements and maintains muscle vigor and body balance. Temporal Lobe: Allows a person to tell one scent or sound from a another. Sorts new information and is responsible for short term memory. Frontal Lobe: Involved in planning, organizing, problem solving, selective attention, personality, and other higher cognitive functions. Parietal Lobe: Receives sensory impulses, transmits motor impulses, and helps process information. Occipital Lobe: Processes visual information. Hypothalamus: Controls body temperature, thirst, hunger, water balance, and emotional behavior. 1: The brain sends and receives messages to and from all parts of the body. 2:The brain is encased in and protected by the skull. 3: The spinal cord is encased in and protected by the vertebrae. 4:The spinal cord is a long cord-like structure made by nerves connected to the brain. It carries messages from the nerves to the brain. 5: The nerves look like long threads protruding from the spinal cord. 6: The nerves are what receive external stimulation and send the message up to the brain. Bacterial meningitis is fairly uncommon, but can by extremely serious. It is fatal in one in ten cases and in one in seven survivors is left with severe handicap, such as deafness or brain injury. The bacteria that causes both meningococcal and and pneummococcal meningitis are vary common and live in the back of the nose and throat. People of any age can carry these germs for days, weeks or months without becoming ill. Tourette Syndrome is a neurological disorder characterized by tics, involuntary, rapid, sudden movements or vocalizations that occur repeatedly in the same way. Diagnostic criteria include: One or more vocal tics present at some time, although not necessarily simultaneously; The occurrence of tics many times a day nearly every day or intermittently throughout the span of more than one year; Periodic changes in the number, frequency, type and location of the tics, and in the waxing and waning of their severity. Symptoms can sometimes disappear for weeks or months at a time; Happens before the age of 18. The range of tics or tic-like symptoms that can be seen in Tourette is very broad. The complexity of some symptoms is often perplexing to family members, friends, teachers and employers who may find it hard to believe that the actions or vocal utterances are not deliberate. There is no cure for Tourette Syndrome. Epilepsy represents the most common serious neurologic problem affecting children, with an overall incidence approaching 2% for febrile seizures and 1% for idiopathic epilepsy. Diagnosis is complicated by protean clinical manifestations which are agedependent and differ substantially from adult seizure disorders. For example, infantile may be misinterpreted as a simple startle reflex and absence seizures are sometimes attributed to inattention or attention deficit. Effective treatment depends largely on the physician's ability to give an accurate diagnosis and choose appropriate therapy based on the likelihood of clinical benefit as well as potential side effects. Craig Manze http://members.tripod.com/~tourette13/ http://137.172.248.46/epilepsy.htm http://userwww.service.emory.edu/~mkarunu/meningitis.html The Nervous System, Edward Edelson The Human Body: An Overview, Mark Kittredge Ricky Barrios Rand McNally Atlas of the body and mind Macmillan Encyclopedia of Science Peole.ne.mediaone.net www.kidinfo.com www.waiting.com/brainfunction.html Dan Schwent www.waiting.com The Nervous System, Silverstein, Silverstein & Silverstein www.innerbody.com/htm/body.html www.eyenet.org/public/anatomy/anatomy.html The Nervous System, Llamas