Transcript The Road to World War II

The Road to World War II
Reichstag celebrating
the annexation of
Austria (left). Sudeten
German saluting the
German army (below).
Signing of Nazi-Soviet
Pact (below).
German soldiers in
Warsaw, Poland (below).
Events leading to WWII
• 1935 Hitler reinstitutes the military draft in
Germany breaking the Versailles Treaty
• 1936 Hitler sends the German Army into the
Rhineland (bordering France & Belgium)
breaking the Versailles Treaty.
• France & Britain object but do nothing.
• Berlin Olympics a showcase for Germany’s
Aryan athletes
1938 Events leading to WWII
• Germany annexes (adds or takes over) Austria
• Hitler demands the Sudetenland (part of
Czechoslovakia that bordered Germany) or else war
• Munich Conference- France & Great Britain agree to
give Hitler the Sudetenland in return Hitler promises
not to seek any more territory in Europe
• Appeasement- giving into aggression to avoid war
Munich
Conference
1939 Events leading to WWII
• March- Germany takes the rest of
Czechoslovakia.
• May- Germany & Italy sign pact of steel
alliance
• Great Britain & France warn Hitler not to
take any more land or it will be war.
• August- Nazi-Soviet Pact: Germany &
Soviet Union (Russia) agree not to fight
each other and will divide Poland in half.
Nazi Aggression in Europe
1939 Events leading to WWII
• September 1st- Germany invades Poland starting WWII in
Europe as a result France & Britain declare war on Germany
• End of September Poland is defeated. Germany & Soviet Union
divide up Poland.
• Blitzkreig- ‘Lightning War’ All out military offensive used by
Germany that combines land, sea, and air attack to overwhelm
the enemy.
World War II: The 2 Sides
•
•
•
•
The AxisGermany
Italy
Japan
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
The AlliesFrance
Great Britain
China
Soviet Union*
*Joined June 1941
United States**
** Joined on December 7,
1941 with Japan’s attack
on Pearl Harbor, Hawaii
Cartoon showing the Axis powers
carving up the world
Holocaust: Key Terms
• Define the terms using the
following website:
https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsour
ce/Holocaust/wiesenthal_glossary.html
•
•
•
•
GhettoJudenratJewish BadgeCollaborator-
Nazi Occupied Europe
Holocaust Terms
• Ghetto- A run down area of a city used by the Nazis to confine
and isolate Jewish people from the rest of society. Mainly used
in Eastern Europe (Poland) before the expansion of the
concentration camp system.
• Judenrat- ‘Jewish Council’ They were put in charge of the
ghettos by the Nazis. They had to provide the Nazis with
laborers and enforce the Nazis rules for the ghetto.
• Jewish Badge- Usually a yellow star of David. Jewish people
throughout Nazi occupied Europe were required to wear it.
• Collaborator- A person who aids or helps the enemy. They
helped the Nazis carry out the Holocaust even though they
were not German.
Euthanasia
• Nazi phrase for the deliberate killings of
physically, mentally, and emotionally
handicapped people.
• The euthanasia program began in 1939, with
German non-Jews as the first victims.
• The program was later extended to Jews.
Operation Babarossa
• The code name for the German invasion of the
Soviet Union which began on June 22, 1941.
Einsatzgruppen
• Mobile killing squads of SS that followed the German
army into Poland in 1939 and the Soviet Union in
June,1941.
• Their task was to kill all Jews and others considered
undesirable by the Nazis.
• They were supported by Ukrainian, Latvian,
Lithuanian, and Estonian volunteers.
• The victims were executed by mass shootings and
buried in unmarked mass graves; later, the bodies
were dug up and burned to cover evidence of what
had occurred.
Partisans
• Irregular forces which use guerrilla tactics when
operating in enemy-occupied territory.
• During the Holocaust, partisans operated
secretly in their efforts to assist Jews and
others persecuted by the Nazis.
Gypsy
• A collective term for Romani and Sinti.
• A nomadic people believed to have come
originally from northwest India.
• They were considered enemies of the state by
the Nazis and persecuted relentlessly.
• Approximately 500,000 Gypsies are believed to
have perished in the gas chambers.
Bystander
• One who is present at some event without
participating in it.