Transcript Chapter 32: World War II p1

Chapter 32: World War II p4
Essential Questions:
1. Describe Hitler’s original method for
reaching racial purification in Germany.
How did this method change and
eventually lead to the Holocaust?
2. Explain the aftermath and impact of WWII
on the world.
Section Four: The Allied Victory
I. The Tide Turns on Two Fronts
A. The North African Campaign
• As US joined war, Allies decided they
would accept nothing short of total
surrender of Axis forces
• US sent troops to help British in North
Africa under direction of American
general Dwight D. Eisenhower
• combined American & British forces
able to beat Axis forces into retreat
B. The Battle for Stalingrad
• Aug 1942 Hitler ordered attack on Soviet
industrial city of Stalingrad
• Luftwaffe began nightly bombing raids by
early Nov, Germans controlled 90% of the
ruined city
• winter set in & Soviets mounted a
counterattack, cut off German supplies
• Hitler refused retreat, lost over 250,000 men
in Battle of Stalingrad- turning point in war=
Germany in continuous retreat
Battle of Stalingrad Puts German in Retreat
C. Invasion of Italy
• July 10th, 1943- Allied forces invaded Sicily
and captured it from Axis power
• This toppled Mussolini from power and
forced Italians to surrender
• Next, Allies focused on defeating the
Germans and Japanese
Allied Goals:
Italy
Germany
Japan
II. Victory in Europe
A. The D-Day Invasion
• 1943 Allies began to secretly build a
force to invade occupied France across
English Channel
• May 1944 invasion force ready- Hitler
knew invasion was coming but didn’t
know where they would land
 to fool Nazis, Allies made a huge “phantom
army” complete w/ fake tanks, a
headquarters, & fake secret documents
discovered by Nazis all pointing to invasion
point being French city of Calais
• Code named Operation Overlord, the real
invasion planned to be at beaches of
Normandy, France
• invasion began June 6th, 1944= D-Day
• Allies suffered great casualties but able to
hold beaches
• A month later Allies marched triumphantly
into Paris having retaken France
• Allies then focused their attention on
Germany itself
D-day Clip
B. The Battle of the Bulge
• Allied forces move toward Germany from
west, Soviets advanced from east
• in a desperate move, Hitler launched all his
power at Allied forces in the west= Battle of
the Bulge
• Germans temporarily broke through a weak
section of Allied line but were quickly pushed
back
• Germans failed and were forced to retreat
back into Germany
Battle of the Bulge
C. Germany’s Unconditional Surrender
• After Battle of the Bulge the war in Europe
rapidly drew to a close
• March 1945, Allied forces entered Germany,
began final push toward capital of Berlin
• By April 1945, Allied forces surrounded
Berlin, began bombing the city
• April 30th, 1945 Hitler committed suicide
• May 9th, 1945 official surrender of the Third
Reich announced= V-E-Day, Victory in
Europe Day
III. Victory in the Pacific
• Although war in Europe over, Allies still
fighting Japanese in Pacific
• As Allied forces pushed closer to Japan,
Japanese resorted to use of kamikazessuicide pilots who crash planes into
Allied ships
Allied Goals:
Italy
Germany
Japan
•
•
June 1945, after bitter fighting, US troops
take island of Okinawa, 350 miles south of
Japan
next stop is Allied invasion of Japan- US
estimated that a land invasion of Japan
would cost half a million US lives
• President Truman had to decide whether to use a
powerful new weapon called the atomic bomb (Abomb) developed by top secret Manhattan
Project in the US
• US warned Japan to surrender, they did not
respond, US decided to drop atomic bomb on
Japanese city of Hiroshima
• 3 days later another atomic bomb was
dropped on Nagasaki
• bombs killed appx. 150,000 ppl
immediately, many more killed by
radiation fallout after the bombs
• Japanese finally surrendered on Sept 2nd,
1945- VJ day
• WWII was over
Allied Goals:
Italy
Germany
Japan
WWII Timeline
• Put the following events in chronological order on a
timeline
• Need month and year for each event
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Battle of Britain
German invasion of Austria
Mussolini takes control of Italy
Japan invades Manchuria
German invasion of Polandstart of WWII
6. Japan surrenders- end of WWII
7. Germany surrenders
8. Attack on Pearl Harbor
9. D-day
10. Italy surrenders