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Allied Morale/Success 10. Normandy High WWI [Trench Warfare] 1. Treaty of VersaillesGermany is punished 3. Hitler crushes Poland 2. Germany, Japan, and Italy start breaking the Treaty of Versailles- World Wide Depression 4. Hitler crushes France in less than 3 months 5. London is bombed 6. German General Rommel pushes allies out of all of North Africa except Egypt 9. American victories in the Pacific, vitory in North Africa, Italian campaign, 7. Operation Barbarossa Low 1939 1940 8. Pearl Harbor 1941 1942 8. Russian Winter 1943 1944 1945 The Allied Victory 1943-1945 Germany Crushed (Two Fronts) Soviets advanced westward – after Stalingrad Americans and British advanced eastward – D-Day invasion – Amphibious invasion of France (Normandy Beaches) from England – Wasn’t rushed by western allies who had little incentive to race to save communist/totalitarian Stalin – Dwight D Eisenhower (Ike) was the commander of American forces in Europe Western allies advanced more slowly than the Soviets towards the center of Germany – Stalin occupies Eastern Europe D-Day Germany and Italy Fall Nazis surrounded Firebombing of Axis Civilian populations Mussolini is killed by Italians who blame him for the destruction of their country Invasion of Berlin – Carried out by the Soviets – Berlin will later be a problem V-E Day Full Extent of the Holocaust Becomes Clear Pacific Theater Island hopping Japanese Develop Kamikaze techniques – Air – Land – Only used as a major part of Japanese strategy at the end of the war. Why? Connection to the decision to the use the atom bomb – The Manhattan Project – German Jew irony Kamikaze Attack Holdovers Circumstances Intelligence Officer 2nd Lt. Hiroo Onada who emerged from the jungle of Lubang Island with his .25 caliber rifle, 500 rounds of ammunition and several hand grenades. 29 years after Japan's formal surrender, and 15 years after being declared legally dead in Japan. When he learned that the war was over he wept openly. Afterwards After returning to Japan, he was unable to adapt to modern life and retired to a ranch in Brazil. He revisited Lubang island in 1996, and still alive today. With The War Not Over, but Nevertheless Clearly an Allied Victory, Yalta Conference Called Big Three Stalin was negotiating from a position of strength Elections promised in Eastern Europe as long as they resulted in ‘pro-Soviet’ governments Japan ordered to give up or suffer devastating consequences Atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki Nagasaki after the bomb VJ Day-The End of World War II Impact of the War Casualty Statistics Occupation of Germany and Japan Transfer of World Power from Western/Central Europe (exhausted by 2nd total war in a generation) to America and the Soviet Union – As a result, the end of New Imperialism aka decolonization – Occurred in fits and starts over next three decades Formation of the United Nations