Transcript Chapter 24 - WordPress.com

Chapter 24
The
United States
In
World War II
The War in Europe & N. Africa
Review of WWII Battles
Operation Barbarossa
• Hitler breaks “Non Aggression” Pact with Soviet Union by invading
Soviet Union in Summer of 1941
• Uses Blitzkreig and takes much of western Russia
• Battle of Stalingrad – Soviets defeat Germans. Hitler’s forces begin
retreat back to Germany.
HITLER LOOSES 2 MILLION
TROOPS . . .
Invasion of Soviet Union a
TOTAL FAILURE!
Operation Torch
Allies invade Morocco
and Algeria: Nov. 1942
July 1943: Allies
attack Italy from
Africa
• July 1943:
Allies take Sicily
Italians
overthrow
Mussolini
Allies
Slowed by
Nazis
Operation Overlord
• Stalin needed help fighting Hitler
on continental Europe
• Allies needed to launch massive
invasion of Europe
• Calais or Normandy?
CALAIS
NORMANDY
June 6, 1944:
D-DAY
10,000+ Allied Casualties
6,000 American Casualties
Battle of the Bulge
• As the Allies moves east towards
Germany, Germans launch a massive
counterattack in Belgium.
• Hitler launched this attack for 3
reasons:
– Stop the Allies march to Germany
– Cut off the Allies supplies by controlling
the port of Antwerp
– Break up the Allied alliance
“The Bulge”
Allied front line
German
armored
divisions
strike and
push the
Allied line
back—
creating a
“bulge”
• Americans defeat Germans at Bastonne
and push Germans back.
• By January, Allies continue marching
forward toward Germany.
• Victory gives Americans renewed
strength and determination of victory
Battle of the
Bulge
SWITCH
GEARS!
The Holocaust
Hitler’s Ideology
• Born an Austrian . . . Believed in the
superiority & unity of the German
peoples
• Lead the National Socialist Party (Nazi’s)
– Promoted belief in the racial superiority of
the German (Aryan) race.
– Anti-Semitic – Hostility, hatred and prejudice
against the Jewish people
• Jews blamed for all of Germany’s problems
• Hitler believed Europe needed to be purged of all
Jews
MEIN KAMPF (“My Struggle”)
• Book wrote by Hitler
while in prison
• Hitler wrote of his
philosophy and goals
• Focused on greatness of
Germany and Hitler’s
racism towards Jews
Mein Kampf Quotes…
“The personification of the devil as the symbol of all
evil assumes the living shape of the Jew.”
“The broad masses of a population are more
amenable to the appeal of rhetoric than to any
other force.”
“The [Nazi party] should not become a
constable of public opinion, but must
dominate it. It must not become
servant of the masses, but their
master!”
The Aryan Race
• “The Master Race”
according to Hitler
• Believed German people
were superior in
– appearance (blond hair/blue
eyes idea)
– intelligence
– talent
– courage.
• Led to Hitler’s belief
that non-Aryans had to
be exterminated
Hitler’s Ideas in Action
• Nuremberg Laws – Ant-Semitic German
laws passed under Hitler designed to
drive Jews out of Germany.
–
–
–
–
Defined who was and wasn’t a Jew
Jews denied citizenship in Nazi Germany
Jews prohibited from marrying Germans
Jews prohibited from displaying Nazi flag
Kristallnacht
• “Night of broken glass”
• Night of anti-Jewish riots and attacks
across Germany
• Thousands of Jewish business and
Synagogues damaged
• 100 Jews murdered
Over 26,000 Jews
Arrested and sent to
concentration camps
As Hitler took over Europe he
imprisoned millions of Jews
• Ghettos – Neighborhoods in cities that
Jews were confined to live in
As Hitler took over Europe he
imprisoned millions of Jews
• Concentration Camps – Prison
compounds that imprisoned Jews and
political enemies of Nazi Germany
– Prisoners received little food and forced
to perform hard labor
– Starvation and overwork designed to kill
Examples: Dachau and Treblinka
The Final Solution
Hitler’s call for the total destruction of
the Jewish population of Europe
through Extermination Camps
GENOCIDE