Transcript Debates Over the Atomic Bomb

War in Europe
Chapter 12 lesson 3
Warm-Up
War in the Pacific…
-Create a brief explanation
using less than 20 words.
WWII
FDR President
Truman took over
Chamberlain Brit Prime
Minister at start
Churchill took over
US joined in 1941
The fronts the war was fought
in were the Pacific, North
Africa, Sicily, Italy, France
and Germany
Halting the Germans
•
The United States was fighting a war on two fronts, in the
Pacific and in Europe.
•
Instead of invading Europe, Churchill and Roosevelt decided to
invade the periphery of the German empire in North Africa and
in the Atlantic, where German submarines were entering U.S.
coastal waters. They did this because they believed that their
countries were not ready to launch a full-scale invasion of
Europe.
•
The Battle of Stalingrad was a big defeat for Germany, which
showed that they could not defeat the Soviets. This was so
important because it put the Germans on the defensive for the
rest of the war.. It put the Germans on the defensive for the rest of
the war.
Stalin wanted the allies
to open a second front
and attack Germany
from the West, but
Churchill and FDR chose
to open a front
elsewhere…
Why did Stalin want a
European Western Front
to be open so soon?
Where did the allies
attack first?
Do you think it was the
best solution?
Pop Up
Movie Producer
Come up with a
brief description of
the movie. What
would the trailer
be like? Also,
come up with
clever hashtags to
help advertise it.
Striking Germany and Italy
•
At the Casablanca Conference, Roosevelt and Churchill
agreed to increase the bombing of Germany and attack
the Italian island of Sicily.
•
The attack on Sicily prompted Italy’s king to arrest
Mussolini and surrender to the Allies.
•
Germany captured Rome and put Mussolini back in
power until the Allies defeated them again.
•
The Tehran Conference resulted in Stalin’s help to
the Allies and the agreement to an international
peacemaking organization after the war.
Title?
What are 3
things that you
notice?
What are 2
things that you
a question
about?
What is one
thing that you
should be
different or
added?
The D-Day Invasion
•
Roosevelt and Churchill decided to plan an invasion of
France, and Roosevelt chose General Eisenhower to
head the mission.
•
Equipment for the large-scale invasion of the Normandy
coast involved storing massive supplies in England until
they were ready to be used by the American, British,
and Canadian troops.
•
June 6, 1944 became known as D-Day, and the
invasion of the beaches occurred under terrible
weather, challenging troops coming ashore.
Complete Graphic Organizer
Pop Up
Who is Omar Bradley?
The Third Reich Collapses
•
Hitler attempted a last desperate offensive against the
Allies at Antwerp, Belgium, known as the Battle of the
Bulge.
•
General Patton responded by hitting fuel depots and
Allied troops broke through the German lines within
days.
•
Soviets attacked Germany in the east and Allies
attacked in the west.
•
Knowing he was near defeat, Adolf Hitler committed
suicide and Germany surrendered.
Japan Is Defeated
•
Just before Germany surrendered, President Roosevelt
died of a stroke and Vice President Harry S. Truman
became president.
•
The difficult battle at Iwo Jima resulted in many
Japanese civilian deaths.
•
Truman ordered that atomic bombs be dropped on
Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
•
After Japanese surrender, an International Military
Tribunal was created to punish German and Japanese
leaders for war crimes.
•
When Japan surrendered it was V-J Day.
Decisions
As a group discuss would you drop the
Atomic Bomb on Japan?
Debates Over the Atomic Bomb
“The Japanese had demonstrated in each case they would not
surrender and they would fight to the death. . . . It was to be
expected that resistance in Japan, with their home ties, could
be even more severe. We had had one hundred thousand
people killed in Tokyo in one night of bombs, and it had
seemingly no effect whatsoever. It destroyed the Japanese
cities, yes, but their morale was not affected, as far as we
could tell, not at all. So it seemed quite necessary, if we could,
to shock them into action. . . . We had to end the war; we had
to save American lives.”
— General George Marshall, Army Chief of Staff
Debates Over the Atomic Bomb
“Let me say only this much to the moral issue involved:
Suppose Germany had developed two bombs before we had
any bombs. And suppose Germany had dropped one bomb,
say, on Rochester and the other on Buffalo, and then having
run out of bombs she would have lost the war. Can anyone
doubt that we would then have defined the dropping of atomic
bombs on cities as a war crime, and that we would have
sentenced the Germans who were guilty of this crime to death
at Nuremberg and hanged them?”
— Nuclear scientist Leo Szilard
The War Ends
Reflection Question
Has your personal position about the use of the atomic
bomb changed?