Transcript Eisenhower at D-Day

Section #1: Mobilization on the
Home Front
Objective: Discuss how Americans
prepared for World War II
Preparations for War 1940-1941
Preparations for War 1940-1941
Selective Service Draft
Conversion of industries from peace time to war time, WPA;
Impact on economy?
Employment of Women in war time industry
Creation of OSRD to push development of new technologies to be
used on and off the battlefield
Establishment of OPA established price freezes throughout industry
Rationing;
Fixed allotments of goods for home use and military use
NAZI 1932
CAMPAIGN
POSTER
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/war/wwtwo/nazi_propaganda_gallery_01.shtml
25.2: The War for Europe
and North Africa
OBJECTIVE: Understand how the
Allies defeated Italy and Germany
America at War: 1941-1945
FDR’s STRATEGY:
1. Attack Germany first: save USSR and UK
2. Attack Japan second: give ground in Pacific
PROBLEM: Will America arm itself (and its
Allies) in time?
CONCERN: Were totalitarian warriors better than
citizen-soldiers?
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/wo
rldwars/wwtwo/
ENIGMA ENCODING
MACHINE
During World War II, the
Germans used the Enigma, an
electromechanical cipher
machine, to develop nearly
unbreakable codes for sending
messages. The Enigma's
settings offered
150,000,000,000,000,000,000
possible solutions, yet the
Allies were eventually able to
crack its code.
http://www.cia.gov/cia/information/artifacts/enigma.htm
Liberty Ships
US was able to produce 140 of these
ships A MONTH!!!
• By the end of the
war, a ship was
able to be built in
5 days
• PROBLEM:
initially 30% of
the early liberty
ships “fractured”
at sea
http://www.mech.uwa.edu.au/DANotes/fracture/maritime/maritime.html
Allied convoy, WWII, location unknown
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/wwtwo/aerial_recon_gallery_09.shtml
WWII: European Theatre
ACT I
1942 & 1943: War in the Atlantic
Allied Convoys v. “Wolf pack” of German UBoats
1942: Allies turn the tide
Halt Germans at El Alemein and Stalingrad
11/1942-5/1943: North Africa Campaign
Kasserine Pass, Rommel & Patton, Big Red 1
6/1943: Invasion of Italy
Surrender of Italy, Mussolini exec., Anzio,
Monte Cassino & Gothic Line
Map: The Allies on the Offensive in Europe, 1942-1945
The Allies on the Offensive in Europe, 1942-1945
The United States pursued a "Europe first" policy: first defeat Germany, then focus on Japan. American military efforts
began in North Africa in late 1942 and ended in Germany in 1945 on May 8 (V-E Day).
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
Operation
Barbarossa:
330,000 Germans invade,
only 91,000 survive/POWs
Soviets suffer 1,250,000
military and civilian
casualties.
SIGNIFICANCE:
Turning point of war on
Eastern Front
p-materialSU1941.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.katardat.org/marxuniv/2002-SUWW2/Maps/Maps01.html&h=833&w=600&sz=72&tbnid=I5ax1UqGZyC85M:&tbnh=1
Battle of
Stalingrad
WWII: European Theatre
ACT II
6/6/1944: D-Day – Normandy
Allies, Patton, Liberation of Paris, Soviet
Advance
12/16/1944: Battle of the Bulge
German Counter-Offensive, Siege of Bastogne
4/1945: The Bitter End
Soviet and American forces meet at Elbe
Berlin Falls, Hitler commits suicide
FDR dies, Patton now President
5/8/1945: V-E Day
Operation Overlord: D-Day June 6, 1944
3 million allied soldiers, 4,600 vessels
Beachheads: UTAH, OMAHA / GOLD, JUNO, SWORD
Eisenhower at D-Day
Eisenhower at D-Day
Commander-in-Chief of the Allied Expeditionary Force
General Dwight D. ("Ike") Eisenhower gives the order of the
day to U.S. paratroopers in England on the eve of D-day.
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
(National Archives)
http://www.usma.edu/bicentennial/history/history_1950on.asp
Gen. George S. Patton
http://www.ndu.edu/inss/books/Books%20-%201998/Military%20Geography%20March%2098/milgeoch2.ht
Battle of the Bulge
http://www.army.mil/cmh-pg/reference/bulge/SC197832.jpg
Liberation of the Death Camps
http://encyclopedia.laborlawtalk.com/wiki/images/thumb/6/6f/250px-NaziConcentrationCamp.gif
V-E Day
Victory in England Day
May 8, 1945