Transcript Allies Plan Victory - AP World History with Mr. Ashford

Allies Plan Victory
Roosevelt
United States
 Churchill (England) and Roosevelt (US)
met to decide to help Stalin (USSR) open
a new front in Europe.
 Stalin wanted the Allies to attack France
and immediately relieve pressure on him,
but the Allies started in Africa
 British General
Montgomery
attacked and
defeated German
forces under
Rommel at the Battle
of El Alamein
 Operation Torch- led
by Dwight D.
Eisenhower- landed
forces in Algeria and
Morocco and
squashed the
German Afrika Korps
 In Russia, the German Army moved into
the bomb-ruined city of Stalingrad for the
winter, but the Soviets surrounded the city
and starved the Germans into
surrendering on Feb 1943
 July 1943- Allied forces
captured Sicily, Mussolini
was fired and arrested, but
Germany still controlled
northern Italy. Italian King
was reinstated and Italy
joined Allies
 Allies captured Rome in
1944, Mussolini was caught
trying to retreat with the
Germans in April 1945.
 He was shot and his body
hung in the Milan town
square
Life on Allied Home Fronts
 In the US, factories
produced the
weapons and
equipment for war.
 The government
rationed meat,
sugar, tire,
gasoline, nylon
stockings, laundry
soap, and more.
 Government sold
war stamps and
bonds to finance
the war
 Prejudice against Japanese arose in the
US post- Pearl Harbor
 Internment camps relocated thousands to
military locations
 The government confiscated their property
Allied victory in Europe
 In 1943, the Allies began building an invasion
force in England
 June 6, 1944- D-Day- Operation Overlord
involved thousands of planes, ships, tanks,
landing craft, and 3.5 million troops landing on
the coast of France at Normandy.
Soldiers, Sailors and Airmen of the Allied Expeditionary Force!
You are about to embark upon the Great Crusade, toward which we have striven these
many months. The eyes of the world are upon you. The hopes and prayers of libertyloving people everywhere march with you. In company with our brave Allies and
brothers-in-arms on other Fronts, you will bring about the destruction of the German war
machine, the elimination of Nazi tyranny over the oppressed peoples of Europe, and
security for ourselves in a free world. Your task will not be an easy one. Your enemy is
well trained, well equipped and battle hardened. He will fight savagely. But this is the
year 1944! Much has happened since the Nazi triumphs of 1940-41. The United Nations
have inflicted upon the Germans great defeats, in open battle, man-to-man. Our air
offensive has seriously reduced their strength in the air and their capacity to wage war
on the ground. Our Home Fronts have given us an overwhelming superiority in weapons
and munitions of war, and placed at our disposal great reserves of trained fighting men.
The tide has turned! The free men of the world are marching together to Victory! I have
full confidence in your courage and devotion to duty and skill in battle. We will accept
nothing less than full Victory! Good luck! And let us beseech the blessing of Almighty
God upon this great and noble undertaking. SIGNED: Dwight D. Eisenhower
 By September, the Allied forces liberated
France, Belgium, Luxembourg, and much of
the Netherlands
 The Allied forces moved in on Germany
from the West, while the Soviets moved in
from the East
 Dec 16, 1944- Battle of the Bulge- German
forces broke through weak American
defenses and pushed the Allied line in
Ardennes, France, but the Allies pushed
back.
 April 30, 1945- Hitler, after marrying longtime companion Eva Braun, and writing a
final speech blaming the entire war on the
Jews, committed suicide.
 May 7-8, 1945- VE
Day (Victory in
Europe) General
Eisenhower
accepted the
unconditional
surrender of the
Germans
Victory in the Pacific
 Iwo Jima and
Okinawa were
captured by US/Allied
forces
 After being advised
that an invasion of
Japan would cost
500,000 US lives,
President Truman
decided to use the
atomic bomb to bring
the war to the
quickest end.
Fat Man
 Aug 6, 1945- The US
dropped an A-bomb
on Hiroshima killing
73,000
Little Boy
 On Aug 9, 1945- the
US dropped an Abomb on Nagasaki,
killing 37,500
 Thousands more died
later of radiation
 Victory in Japan (VJ Day)- General MacArthur
accepted the Japanese surrender