Transcript The End of WWII & The Aftermath - Miami Beach Senior High School

The End of WWII & The
Aftermath
SS.A.1.4.4; SS.A.3.4.9; SS.A.2.4.8
New European Order
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When Germans conquered eastern Europe
they planned on killing Slavs and Jews and
repopulating the area with Germans
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Plans set in motion soon after taking over
Himmler plans on killing 30 million Slavs
1940: Germany uses 7 million slaves
Einsatzgruppen: Death squads, kill Jews
6 million Jews also killed in death squads
13 million orphaned children in Europe
New Asian Order
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Japan’s slogan: “Asia for the Asiatics”
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Resources used to benefit Japanese
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Puppet governments established
1944-45: over 1 million Vietnamese starve
Japanese regularly kill, rape, rob locals
Used captured people as slaves
Rebels coordinate with American forces
POWs forced into labor for Japanese
“The Raping of Nanjing”
280,000 Chinese killed
80,000 women raped
Mobilization of America
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WWII=more total war than WWI
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United States provides weapons to Allies
African Americans move north and west
looking for work, women go to work
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Even more women go to work in WWII
Causes tension among established residents
110,000 Asian Americans moved to
internment camps out east, take oath
New place for women and minorities,
leads to civil rights movement
Camp Miami Beach
The Allies Advance
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US, UK, USSR form Grand Alliance, stress
military operations, not political differences
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1942: War turns against Germany, Japan
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Agree to fight until all Axis Powers surrender
Nov ’42: Allies invade N. Africa, defeat Germans May ’43
Feb ’43: German Sixth Army surrenders at Stalingrad
June ’42: USA sinks 4 Japanese carriers at Midway
Gen MacArthur begins offensive in Philippines
Combined Army, Marine and Navy “island hopping”
May 1943: Axis Tunisia surrenders
September 1943: Allies invade Italy
The European Theater
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After Allies take Sicily, King Victor Emanuel
III arrests Mussolini, freed by Germans
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June 6, 1944: D-Day; Allies invade France
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June 1944: Allies take Rome
Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower plans invasion of
Normandy’s beaches, then on to Germany
August ’44: Allies take Paris
March ’45: Allies cross into Germany
April ’45: Soviets enter Berlin, US not far away
April 30, 1945: Hitler commits suicide
May 7, 1945: Germany surrenders
The Asian Theater
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April 1945: US President Franklin Delano
Roosevelt, replaced by Harry S Truman
Allied forces approach Japanese homeland
Japanese refuse to surrender
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August 6, 1945: Atomic bomb dropped on
Japanese city Hiroshima
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Truman must decide to use new atomic bomb
Emperor refuses to surrender
Aug 9, 1945: second atom bomb dropped
on Nagasaki
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Japan Surrenders on August 14, 1945
Peace & A New War
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Allied victory brings tensions b/w powers
Cold War: United States and Soviet Union
enter period of ideological conflict
Tehran Conference: Meeting of the “Big
Three” Roosevelt, Churchill and Stalin
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Outlines final attack on Germany (1943)
Split Germany between, east and west, US-UK
forces and Soviet forces
Soviets would liberate eastern Europe
The Yalta Conference
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The Big Three meet in February 1945
Roosevelt seeks Soviet help with Japan
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All three join new United Nations
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Promises Japanese land to Stalin in exchange
First meeting set for April 1945 in San Francisco
After war Germany to be split into four
parts controlled by US, UK, USSR & France
Sides divided over setting free elections
Potsdam and New Struggles
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July 1945: Potsdam Conference, Germany
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President Truman replaces Roosevelt
Truman demands elections for Europe
Stalin refuses to allow them, knows better
 Soviets had lost more than other Allies
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Big Three agree to trials of Nazi war criminals
in Nuremberg Germany(1945-1946)
Churchill: “iron curtain has descended on
the continent” splitting Europe east/west
Chapter 24 Assessment
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On page 504, write and answer questions
1-11