Transcript Early Cold War & Rebuilding of German and Japan

Early Cold War &
Rebuilding of Germany and
Japan
Agenda 3/24/2014
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Warm-up and Review Quiz
Collect Homework
Butter Battle Book
Notes
Iron Curtain Speech
Map of Europe During the Cold War
Homework- Political Cartoon
Yalta (1945)
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Meeting of three main allied leaders
(Roosevelt, Stalin, and Churchill)
Planned "the whole shape and structure
of post-war Europe"
Stalin had the right to control the
governments of Eastern Europe (Soviet
troops were already stationed
throughout Eastern Europe as they
pushed toward Germany)
Soviet occupation of Eastern Europe 
communist governments in Eastern
European countries
Yalta (1945)
Soviet Union vs. United States
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Soviet Union is a Communist
country (government controls the
economy) with a totalitarian
government (government controls
what people see, hear, and do)
United States is a capitalist country
(individuals control the economy)
with a democratic government
(citizens elect their leaders)
Cold War- Iron Curtain Speech
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State of tension
and hostility
among nations
without armed
conflict between
major rivals (U.S.
and Soviet Union)
Early Cold War – Truman Doctrine
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Americans would resist Soviet
expansion in Europe and elsewhere
in the world
Containment – limiting
Communism to the areas already
under Soviet control (Eastern
Europe)
Truman Doctrine
Early Cold War – Iron Curtain
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Growing fear of
Communism
Division of
Europe into a
Western
(democracies)
and Eastern
(Communist)
Block
Early Cold War – Marshall Plan
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Aid packages and economic
assistance to strengthen democratic
governments (goal – prevent the
spread of Communism into Western
Europe)
Marshall Plan
Early Cold War – Military Alliances
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NATO (North Atlantic Treaty
Organization)  pledged to help
one another if one of them was
attacked
Warsaw Pact  Soviet Union and
Eastern Europe (response to the
formation of NATO)
NATO
Germany after World War II
Rebuilding German and Japan after
World War II – Division in Germany
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West Germany – divided into three
zones (British, French, and U.S.)
East Germany – controlled by the
Soviet Union/Communist
government
Berlin – split among four powers
(U.S., Soviet Union, Great Britain,
and France)
Rebuilding German and Japan after
World War II – American occupation of
Japan
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Led by Douglas MacArthur
Goals – to destroy militarism and to
ensure a democratic government
Military & Political Reforms - reduced size
of Japan’s military, have military forces
only to defend Japan, & new constitution
– gave power to the people, provided for
elected representatives, and basic rights
such as freedom of thought
Rebuilding German and Japan after
World War II – American occupation of
Japan
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Economic Reforms - Japan became
an economic super power
(exporting more than it imported)
Berlin Airlift
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Stalin wanted to force Westerners to
evacuate Berlin by not allowing
goods to be transported to West
Berlin
Western powers responded to
blockade with a round the clock
airlift (fuel, goods, and food)
Soviets eventually ended the
blockade
Berlin Airlift
Berlin Wall
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To stop people from leaving East
Berlin
Divides Berlin into two sections
Berlin Wall
United Nations - Goal
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International organization to secure
peace
More successful than League of
Nations
United Nations
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General Assembly Each nation had one
vote
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Security Council (U.S.,
Soviet Union, Great
Britain, France, and
China) - have the
right to veto any
council decision –
differences among
these powerful nations
kept the UN from
taking action on
controversial issues
United Nations – Role in Modern
World
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Preventing disease
Peacekeeping
Protecting refugees
Aiding the economic development of
nations