Transcript World War II - Europe

Warm Up
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What were Germany’s goals in WWII?
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What were Italy’s goals in WWII?
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What began WWII for Germany?
What began WWII for Italy?
What were Japan’s goals in WWII?
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What began WWII for Japan?
World War II
Day 1 – Lightening War
A. Invasion of Poland
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September 1, 1939
Blitzkrieg – lightening war
Airplanes and tanks
 Massive bombing of Warsaw
 Massive infantry invasion (1.5 million German
soldiers)
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A. Invasion of Poland
A. Invasion of Poland
A. Invasion of Poland
German bombers flew 1,150 sorties (missions) and
destroyed 84% of Warsaw
 Incendiary (fire) bombs used
Winston Churchill
B. Tripartite / Axis Pact
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September 27, 1940 - signed in Berlin
Germany – Adolph
Hitler
Italy – Foreign
Minister Galeazzo
Ciano
Japan – Ambassador
Saburo Kurusu
C. Soviet Aggression
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September 17, 1939 – Soviet troops occupy
eastern Poland
Annexation (take over) of Latvia, Lithuania, and
Estonia
November 1939 – Soviets invade Finland
C. Soviet Aggression
C. Soviet Aggression
Finland surrenders by March
1940
D. “Phony War” Ends
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April 9, 1940 – Hitler invades Denmark and
Norway
Demark surrenders in 4 hours
 Norway surrenders in 2 months
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D. “Phony War” Ends
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May 1940 
Hitler attacks Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg
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Goal : France
1. Describe the
cartoon.
2. What
countries are
involved in the
cartoon?
3. What is the
cartoonist trying
to say?
E. Evacuation from Dunkirk
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May 26 – June 4, 1940 850 ships rescue 338,000 French soldiers
 Air coverage from the RAF
 Heavy German bombing
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World War II
Day 2 – France and Britain
A. France Surrenders
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June 1940 – France surrenders
Nazi control
“Vichy France” under
Henri Petain
A. France Surrenders
A. France Surrenders
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June 1940 – France surrenders
A. France Surrenders
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Charles de Gaulle in London – government in exile
A. France Surrenders
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French Resistance
French
Underground
B. Battle of Britain
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Operation Sea Lion
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Hitler wanted to successfully invade Britain (hadn’t
happened since 1066)
Goal: knock out the RAF and then invade with 250,000
soldiers
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4,500 planes in the Luftwaffe, 2,900 in the RAF
B. Battle of Britain
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Resistance
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Cracking Enigma
RADAR
B. Battle of Britain
British propaganda
British propaganda
C. US Gets involved
Destroyer Deal (September 2, 1940)- FDR
transferred 50 old-model, four-funnel destroyers
left over from WWI, in return for U.S. military
rights to eight valuable defensive base sites
Lend-Lease Act (March 1941)
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British needed equipment,
didn’t have money to pay for
it- arms and ships, would be
lent to nations that needed
them and returned when no
longer needed
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$50 billion allocated, $31 billion
to Britain alone
Lend-Lease Act (March 1941)
August 1941
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FDR and Churchill meet off
the coast of Newfoundland on
the HMS Prince of Wales
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Agree to sign the Atlantic
Charter
What do the two
nations agree to?
How does this put the
US one step closer to war?
What are the ideologies
behind this document?
World War II
Day 3 – Fight Drags On
What was Napoleon’s
biggest mistake?
If you want to be a world
dictator….don’t invade
Russia!
“We have only to kick in
the door and the whole
rotten structure will come
crashing down”
-Adolf Hitler
A. Operation Barbarossa
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June 22, 1941 – Hitler invades Russia (in summer
uniforms)
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Red Army – 5 million men, lacked supplies and equipment
500 miles – Russians conduct scorched earth
A. Operation Barbarossa
Siege at Leningrad
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September 8, 1941 – January 7, 1944 (900 days)
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German Army destroys food warehouses
First winter – no heat, no water, almost no electricity, very
little food
Some attempt escape to mainland
Food supply desperate – eating animal feed, cats, dogs, crows,
rats
600,000+ die in Leningrad
Attack on Moscow
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October 2, 1941
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Counterattack by Russian General Georgi Zhukov (w/ 100
fresh divisions from Siberia)
Germans repulsed – Hitler orders “no retreat”
Dig in 125 miles west of Moscow – horrible winter (frozen
fuel and oil)
500,000 Germans die in the attempt
Casablanca Conference
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Casablanca Conference (January 1943) Roosevelt and
Churchill met in Morocco and agreed on the term of
“unconditional surrender.”
Stalin is begging for a second front for help, decide to
invade the “soft underbelly” of Italy
Casablanca Conference
North Africa
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Churchill’s strategy – N. Africa to Italy (angered Stalin)
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German General Erwin Rommel vs. British General Bernard
“Monty” Montgomery
Battle of El Alamein
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Gen. Montgomery
attacked German
forces and drove them
West (October 1942)
107,000 US troops
under Gen. Dwight D.
Eisenhower land in
Algeria and Morocco
German Army in N.
Africa destroyed by
May 1943
Operation Torch
Battle of Stalingrad
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August 23, 1942
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Luftwaffe bombs the city
November – Germans control 90% of the city
November 19 – Soviet troops attack the city, cut off supplies
Hitler orders to hold the city “at all costs”
February 2, 1943 – 90,000 Germans surrender
City is completely destroyed
German Surrender at Stalingrad
Invasion of Italy
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July 1943 - 180,000 Allied soldiers land at Sicily
August 1943- Allies take Sicily
June 4, 1944- Allies take Rome
Italian Campaign
Northern Italy
Invasion of Italy
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July 25, 1943 – Mussolini arrested
September 23 – Italy surrendered
Germans take N. Italy and put Mussolini back in power
Fighting drags on
Mussolini captured, shot, and hanged in Milan– April
1945
World War II
Day 4 – The Final Push
Tehran Conference
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Tehran Conference- Roosevelt, Churchill, and
Stalin agree to launch simultaneous attacks.
Operation Overlord- General Eisenhower put
in charge of a massive English channel invasion
Operation Overlord
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Operation Overlord- General Eisenhower put
in charge of a massive English channel invasion
June 6, 1944—Operation Overlord
Overlord
Liberation of Paris, August 1944
The Last Days of Hitler
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December 16, 1944- Battle of the Bulge- tenday stopped by the 101st Airborne Division
March 1945- US and Soviet troops marched
toward Berlin
Battle of the Bulge
Race for Berlin
Concentration Camps
The End
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April 12, 1945- FDR died from a massive stroke
April 30, 1945- Hitler committed suicide
May 7, 1945 Germany surrendered
Review: World War II Geography
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Label and color the Allied powers
Label and color the Axis powers (visible in this map)
Color four countries impacted by the German blitzkrieg
Label the correct locations for:
D-Day Invasion / Operation Overlord
Battle of Britain / Operation Sea Lion
Operation Torch
Battle of El Alamein
Liberation of Paris
Operation Barbarossa
Russian invasion of Finland
STUDY FOR YOUR QUIZ
TOMORROW!
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35 Multiple choice
Free response
Yes, you should study your map
Yes, we will work on our project when we finish