Transcript The Cold War - Williamstown Independent Schools

U.S. History 2.26.14
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1. Continue– The Cold War- Finish Back of Packet
2. Technology and the Korean Conflict- Clips
3.A Korean War Map- with Text
3B. I-Pad Online- Cold War 2014 Online
Dwight D. Eisenhower “Ike”
From Overall General of the Allies to President
7 More Future American
Presidents Served in World War II
XVII.
The Race for Space-
an
extension of the Cold War between the U.S.
and U.S.S.R.
V-2, Sputnik,
dogs and monkeys
in space
VIII.
The Race for Space- Space Monkey
Early Computer Technology
Came Out of WW II
Colossus, 1941
Mark I, 1944
Admiral Grace Hooper,
1944-1992
COBOL language
What was Robot Brain?
• Early computers (1953) built to do
tasks too dangerous for humans.
(MIT)
• This technology Became early
computers for SAC (Stategic Air
Command)
Early Computer Technology
Came Out of WW II
XIX> New Technologies
after World War 2
•Television
•Jet Engine
•Diesel Electric Engines (RR)
•Vaccines and Pesticides
•Hydrogen Bomb, Nuclear powered ships,
Postwar Changes in Consumer
Products from the War
U.S. Carrier Based Jet
Inventing Television
Start of the Korean War
Friday- McCarthyism
• Activity- Dot Game
• Clip
• APUSH- Notes Due
– Hi-lite, underline, circle, annotate
21.3 McCarthyism
U.S. Mystery 2. 21.14
• Begin – The Cold War (Page 1- Overview)
• Germany- The End (The Third Reich- Soviet Occupation of Berlin)
• I-Pad Online- Cold War 2014 Online
Post World War 2 Germany
Europe is Shattered
U.S. Mystery 2. 24.14
• 1. Continue– The Cold War (Page 1-2)
• 2. Germany- The End (The Third Reich- Soviet Occupation of
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Berlin)
3A. Finish Tests- Danielle, Sammi
• 3B. I-Pad Online- Cold War 2014 Online
Monday-Tuesday
U.S. and Soviet Troops meeting at the Elbe, River
Germany 1945
Elbe River Crossing
Berlin- Soviet Sphere
Post War Germany
Post War Germany
Soviet Flag Over Berlin
The Iron Curtain
What is a Cold War?
• DEFINE
• The Cold War was so named because the two major
powers—each possessing NUCLEAR WEOPONS and
thereby threatened with MAD (Mutually Assured
Destruction) met in IMC -INDIRECT Military Combat.
• Instead, in their struggle for global influence they engaged
in ongoing PSYCHOLOGICAL WARFARE and in regular
indirect confrontations through PROXY WARS (supporting
other nations in their conflict- North and South Korea,
North and South Vietnam, etc.)
• . Cycles of relative calm would be followed by high tension,
which could have led to world war.
The Cold War
Quote
• …. “an IRON CURTAIN is drawn down upon
Europe’s front.”
• (We do not know what is going on behind).
» paraphrased… Winston Churchill
» Speaking of the Soviet Sphere of influence in
Eastern Europe”
CNN- Who has what?
“You Drop the Bomb on Me, Baby”
WW II Casualties: Europe
I.
Each symbol
indicates 100,000
dead in the
appropriate theater
of operations
WW II Casualties: Asia
II.
Each symbol
indicates 100,000
dead in the
appropriate theater
of operations
Country
Men in war
Battle deaths
Wounded
Australia
1,000,000
26,976
180,864
Austria
800,000
280,000
350,117
Belgium
625,000
8,460
55,5131
40,334
943
4,222
339,760
6,671
21,878
Canada
1,086,3437
42,0427
53,145
China3
17,250,521
1,324,516
1,762,006
Czechoslovakia
—
6,6834
8,017
Denmark
—
4,339
—
Finland
500,000
79,047
50,000
France
—
201,568
400,000
20,000,000
3,250,0004
7,250,000
Greece
—
17,024
47,290
Hungary
—
147,435
89,313
India
2,393,891
32,121
64,354
Italy
3,100,000
149,4964
66,716
Japan
9,700,000
1,270,000
140,000
Netherlands
280,000
6,500
2,860
New Zealand
194,000
11,6254
17,000
75,000
2,000
—
—
664,000
530,000
650,0005
350,0006
—
410,056
2,473
—
—
6,115,0004
14,012,000
5,896,000
357,1164
369,267
16,112,566
291,557
670,846
3,741,000
305,000
425,000
Brazil2
Bulgaria
Germany
Norway
Poland
Romania
South Africa
U.S.S.R.
United Kingdom
United States
Yugoslavia
WW II
Casualties
III.
1. Civilians only.
2. Army and navy figures.
3. Figures cover period July 7,
1937 to Sept. 2, 1945,
and concern only Chinese
regular troops. They do not
include casualties suffered
by guerrillas and local
military corps.
4. Deaths from all causes.
5. Against Soviet Russia;
385,847
against Nazi Germany.
6. Against Soviet Russia;
169,822
against Nazi Germany.
7. National Defense Ctr.,
Canadian
Forces Hq., Director of
History.
IVa. Massive Human Dislocations
The U.S. & the U.S.S.R.
Emerged as the Two Superpowers
of the later 20c
Potsdam Conference:
Churchill, Truman and Stalin
V. The
The
Potsdam Conference
V…………………………..
• Atlee, Truman, Stalin
• Soviet Union joins Britain and the
United States against Japan—
Summer 1945
• Disclosure of the Manhattan Project
• Agreement for a Soviet Invasion and
Occupation of Manchuria and the
Korean Peninsula to help defeat
Japan
The
Potsdam Conference
U.S. History 2.25.14
• 1. Cold War A.P. Chapter 1945-61
• Read, Hi-lite, Underline and….
• Annotate– Make Connections
• By Friday
• 2. Through Page 3 on Notes• Turn in Today. I-Pad online
U.S. History 2.25.14
• 1. Cold War Notes- Front and Back Today- Use
I-Pad in Part 2
• 2. Page 3- The Presidents who served in WW2
• 3. Wednesday- We will do the back page
concerning Technology of the Cold War
• Turn in your packet Wednesday
IV.B
The Iron Curtain
The Bi-Polarization of Europe: The
Beginning of the Cold War
VI. Bi-Polarization of Europe
VI. The Division of Europe:
1945 - 1990
The Division of Germany:
1945 - 1990
3. Post WW2 Germany
3. Occupation of Berlin
VII. The Berlin Airlift
• In response, the Western Allies
organized the Berlin AIRLIFT to carry
supplies to the people in West Berlin
(Every 2 minutes)
VII.The Berlin Airlift and NATO
VIII. The Marshall Plan and Truman Doctrine
VIII.B.
Truman Doctrine
• an international-relations policy set forth
by the U.S. President TRUMAN stating
that the U.S. would support GREECE and
TURKEY with economic and military aid
to prevent their falling into the SOVIET
SPHERE.
• Historians often consider it as the start of
the COLD WAR , and the start of the
CONTAINMENT policy to stop Soviet
expansion
VIII. A. Marshall Plan
• The Marshall Plan (officially the
European Recovery Program, ERP)
was the American program to aid
EUROPE, in which the U.S. gave
economic support to help rebuild
European economies after the end of
WORLD WAR 2 in order to prevent the
spread of Soviet COMMUNISM
XIV. The Creation of the U. N.
XIV.
The United Nations
• United Nations peacekeeping was
initially developed during the Cold
War as a means of resolving
conflicts between Eastern and
Western Block Nations.
• 193 of the 196 nations in the world
are members of the U.N. (Vatican
City and Kosovo)
The Creation of the U. N.
XV.
The Nuremberg Trials
• a series of MILITARY TRIBUNALS, held by the
ALLIED FORCES OF WORLD WAR 2, most
notable for the prosecution of prominent
members of the political, military, and economic
leadership of NAZI GERMANY.–
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• Many took the defense that…..
• “They were simply following orders”
• Is there a Moral Law higher than Civil Law?
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Some took the suicide route rather than face the Trial-Sentencing
Others escaped to South America and Even the U.S.!!!
The Nuremberg War Trials:
Crimes Against Humanity
Japanese War Crimes Trials
General
Hideki Tojo
Bio-Chemical
Experiments
Japanese War Crimes Trials
Alger Hiss Case and the Rosenbergs
21.4 Ike’s New Look Strategy
Brinkmanship and the Threat of
Nuclear Weopons
Korean War
Truman Doctrine
Policy of Containment
The Berlin Wall
MacArthur Dismissed and Armistice
Korea: The Forgotten War
Kruschev and DeStalinization
JFD
HCL
Fidel Castro
Robert F Kennedy (RFK)
Marin Luther King
Nakita Kruschev
Chairman Mao Zedong
Dwight David Eisenhower
Harry Truman
Douglas MacArthur
John F. Kennedy (JFK)
Lyndon B. Johnson
The Rosenbergs
Richard M. Nixon
George C. Marshall
Lee Harvey Oswald
Francis Gary Powers
Sen. Joe McCarthy
Joe Stalin
Mikhail Gorbechev
Ronald Reagan
Kim Il Sung- Founder of communist North Korea