Transcript World War II

World War II
I. American Involvement in WWII
1. FDR recognizes Soviet Union
2. Neutrality Acts
3. Neutrality Act 1935: No U.S. weapons to any
“belligerent” nation
4. 2nd Neutrality Act 1936: No U.S. $ to any nation at
war
5. 3rd Neutrality Act: Previous laws permanent; no
passengers on warring ships
1. “Cash-and-carry”
6. Destroyers for bases
II. FDR Prepares
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
1938begins to prepare
Isolation or Intervention?
Selective Service Actages 21-35
1940FDR elected to 3rd term
4 Freedoms
1.
2.
3.
4.
Speech
Religion
From want
From fear
FDR Prepares (cont’d)
6. Lend-Lease Act: Britain gets U.S. war
materials
7. Atlantic Charter
1. Self-determination
2. Free trade
8. 1940- Sel.Ser.males 18-65
III. Wartime Mobilization
1. 260,000 women
enlisted
2. Women’s Army
Corps
3. Women Appointed
for Voluntary Emergency
Service (WAVES)
4. Women’s Auxiliary Ferrying Squandron
5. Office of War
Mobilization
6. Unemployment
vanishes
Wartime Mobilization(cont’d)
7. Price
Administration
8. Economic
Stabilization
1. Price floors/ceilings
2. Tax code
3. Rationing
Wartime Mobilization(cont’d)
9. Americans savedhelp spending after the
war
10. Nation debt ↑ $200 bill.
11. War bonds
12. OWI (Office of War Information)
IV. Women and Minorities During Wartime
1. “Rosie the
Riveter”
2. Women earned
2/3 of male salary.
Women and Minorities During Wartime
(cont’d)
3. Afr.-Am. move to industrial centers
4. Race riots
5. Mex. Am.-return under bracero
Program
6. Nat. Am.- enlisted;
a. Navajo Code Talkers
Bracero Program
V. Japanese
Japanese (cont’d)
1. 100,000 Japanese Am. relocated; citizens
2. Executive Order 9066
3. Fear that Japanese-American citizens might
turn on the U.S.
4. Only 30% foreign born
5. Korematsu v. United States, 1944
VI. Diplomacy and Conferences
Diplomacy and Conferences (cont’d)
1. Big Three: FDR, Churchill, Stalin
2. Casablanca, Tehran, Yalta, Potsdam
3. 1943, Casablanca
1. Invade Sicily
2. “Unconditional Surrender”
4. Nov. 1943—Tehran
1. Seeds of D-Day sown
2. Stalin declare war against Japan
Diplomacy and Conferences (cont’d)
5.
6.
7.
8.
1st disagreements
Stalin wanted a “buffer zone”
Churchill wanted a free Europe
Feb. 1945, Yalta
1.
2.
3.
4.
Stalin agreed to go to war w/Japan in 90 days
Free Eastern Europe w/free elections
“Skeleton” of the UN
Germany divided into 4 zones
Diplomacy and Conferences (cont’d)
9. April 12, 1945—FDR dies
10. Potsdam Conference (Post-Nazi defeat)
11. Truman, Atlee, Stalin
12. Unconditional Surrender of Japan; warcrimes tribunals; occupation of Germany
13. Much disagreementbrink of a breakup