Transcript World War II (1939

World War II (1939-1945)
Vocabulary
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Dictator- a ruler who
has complete power
over a country
Isolationist- country
who wants to stay out
of the affairs of other
countries
P.O.W.- Prisoner of
war
Nazi- claimed German
nation represented
most racially pure
people. Jewish nation
was greatest threat to
German race.
Start of WWII
September 1, 1939, Germany invades
Poland.
 Hitler (Germany) was trying to take back
land they lost to Poland after WWI.
 France and Great Britain declare war on
Germany on September 3, 1939.
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Pearl Harbor
American naval base in Hawaii in
which Japan launched a surprise
attack on
 December 7, 1941
 More than 3,400 people died or
suffered wounds in the attack.
 The attack brought the U.S. into
World War II.
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Pearl Harbor (Dec. 7, 1941)
Pearl Harbor (Dec. 7, 1941)
Axis Powers
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Germany, Italy, and Japan
Adolf Hitler
Nazi dictator of
Germany who
committed suicide
at the end of the
war.
 Leader of the
Holocaust.
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Benito Mussolini
Fascist’s Party
leader who became
dictator of Italy.
 Was captured and
executed in April
1945.
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Hideki Tojo
Prime Minister of
Japan who ordered to
go to war and attack
Pearl Harbor.
 Was executed for his
responsibility in
Japan’s war crimes.
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Allied Powers
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U.S., Great Britain, France, Russia, and
China
Winston Churchill
Prime Minister of
Great Britain.
 Took an early stance
against Germany and
the rise of the Nazi
party.
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Joseph Stalin
Communist dictator of
Russia.
 Early on Russia
(USSR) and Germany
signed a treaty
agreeing not to go to
war with each other.
After Germany broke
this treaty in 1941
Stalin joined the
Allies.
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Franklin Delano Roosevelt (FDR)
President of the U.S.
during WWII.
 32nd President of the
U.S.
 Only president to
serve more than two
terms in office.
 Elected to four terms,
but passed away in
the first year of fourth
term.
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22nd Amendment (1951)
Set the term limits for the President of
U.S.
 Can serve no more than 2 terms and no
more than 10 years total.
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Harry S. Truman
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FDR’s vice-president
who became
president in April
1945 when FDR
passed away.
Texans in WWII
More than 750,000 Texans served in war
including 12,000 women.
 22,000 Texans died
 40 P.O.W. camps with more than 50,000
prisoners - more than any other state
 15 major military bases and 40 airfields.
 Naval flight-training base in Corpus Christi
was the largest in the world.
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Texas and WWII
Texans at home rationed (cut back) items
such as food, shoes, and gasoline to
support American soldiers.
 The Texas economy moved toward
industralization during the WWII era.
 Urban areas grew during World War II due
to an increas in industrial jobs.
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Doris (Dorie) Miller
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Born in Waco, TX
First African American
hero of WWII.
 Sailor on the U.S.S.
West Virginia at Pearl
Harbor.
 Fired at the Japanese
aircrafts as they
attacked Pearl Harbor
until his ship sunk.
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Was later killed in action.
Oveta Culp Hobby
Born in Killeen, TX
 Was the organizer
and first
commander of the
Women’s Army
Corps.
 Women’s Army
Corps- Put women
in positions to
serve in the Army.
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Chester Nimitz
Born in
Fredericksburg, TX
 Commander in
chief of the Pacific
Fleet.
 In 1942, he led the
Allies to victories in
the Battles of Coral
Sea and Midway.
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Audie Murphy
Born in Farmersville,
TX
 Most decorated
soldier in WWII with
33 awards.
 Received every U.S.
medal awarded for
personal bravery.
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Dwight D. Eisenhower
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Born in Denison, TX
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Military leader during
WWII
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Supreme commander
of Allied forces in
Europe.
Under his command,
the Allies successfully
invaded France on Dday in June 1944. His
forces defeated
Germany.
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D-Day
Turning point of war.
 Marked the beginning of the Allied
invasion of western Europe.
 The Allies invaded German occupied
France on June 6, 1944, along the
beaches of Normandy, France.
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D-Day
D-Day
U.S.S. Texas
Was the only U.S.
battleship to serve
in both WWI and
WWII and that still
survives today.
 It is located in the
port of the San
Jacinto Monument
and became a
historic landmark.
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Hiroshima
U.S. dropped a
nuclear bomb “Little
Boy” on August 6,
1945, on the city of
Hiroshima in Japan.
 Killed over 100,000
people over a few
months.
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Atomic Bomb
Atomic Bomb Video
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http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=
-6974472576991137411#
Nagasaki
U.S. dropped the second nuclear bomb
“Fat Man” on the city of Nagasaki in Japan
on August 9, 1945.
 Killed between 60,000-80,000.
 Japan surrendered 6 day later to the
Allies.
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Nagasaki
WWII Over
Ended on September 2, 1945, with Japan
signing surrender on the U.S.S. Missouri in
Tokyo Bay.
 Adolph Hitler committed suicide, prompting
Germany to surrender in May. Japan
surrendered after the U.S. dropped that atomic
bombs.
 Over 22-25 million soldiers killed.
 Between 60-70 million people killed during
WWII.
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Texas after WWII
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Many Texans moved from rural areas to cities
(urban) during the war to take industrial jobs.
People from other countries and states and
soldiers returning from the war also moved to
cities in Texas.
TX changed from a rural state to an urban
society.
The TX economy used to be dominated by
farming and oil.
TX started to change to large industries.