Transcript WORLD WAR II atomic bomb and holocaust

WORLD WAR II
DROPPING OF THE ATOMIC BOMB
THE HOLOCAUST
Warm Up WWII 6-8
1. Explain D-Day:
2. What is V-E day?
Dropping of the Atomic Bomb
• The Manhattan Project
– Scientists create the atomic bomb
• Many of the scientists are European Jews who
escaped
– The principal motivation for this project was the fear
that the Germans would develop the bomb first
– Tested the bomb successfully in New Mexico in July
1945
• President Roosevelt dies, his Vice-President Truman
takes over and orders the dropping of the bomb
• Reasons for dropping the bomb
– “An Okinawa from one end of Japan to the other”
– Save American lives – est. it would cost 1 million
killed soldiers
– Save Japanese lives
– Save time and money
– People tired of the war
• The Allies issue a demand for Japan’s surrender on July
26 – Japan doesn’t respond
• Little Boy falls on Hiroshima
– Aug. 6th, the Enola Gay drops the atomic bomb on the
city of Hiroshima
• 80,000 die instantly, 35,000 injured
• 2/3 of the buildings are destroyed
• Over the years it is believed that up to 200,000
died
– At ground zero
• 7,000 degrees fahrenheit
• Wind 980 m.p.h.
– The Japanese still do not surrender
Little boy
Little boy
• First atomic bomb ever to be used
• Used on the city of Hiroshima
• August 6,1945
• The energy released by the bomb was
powerful enough to burn through clothing.
Fat Man
• codename for the atomic bomb that was
detonated over Nagasaki, by the US on August
9,1945
Japan surrender
• Japan finally surrenders August 12th with this declaration
• Moreover, the enemy now possesses a new and terrible
weapon with the power to destroy many innocent lives and
do incalculable damage. Should we continue to fight, not only
would it result in an ultimate collapse and obliteration of the
Japanese nation, but also it would lead to the total extinction
of human civilization. Such being the case, how are We to
save the millions of Our subjects, or to atone Ourselves before
the hallowed spirits of Our Imperial Ancestors? This is the
reason why We have ordered the acceptance of the provisions
of the Joint Declaration of the Powers.
• We accept surrender aboard the USS Missouri
Memorial in Hiroshima
Atomic Bomb Victims
After the Bomb
Cathedral in Nagasaki (Now)
• Fat Man dropped on Nagasaki – August 9th
– Between 40,000 to 75,000 die
• The Japanese agree to unconditional surrender
on August 14th
– August 15th is known as V-J Day = Victory Over Japan
Day
– Huge number of casualties inflicted by just two
planes dropping only two bombs
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NF4LQaW
JRDg&feature=channel
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ncq_Wye
43TM&p=D7F1A06CE1780AD5
• http://www.metacafe.com/watch/959976/b2
9_hiroshima/
• http://www.nablopomo.com/video/997435:Vi
deo:154834
The Internment
• Removal of Japanese from the American west
coast to internment camps
– Fear of sabotage and spies
– 110,000 interned, 2/3 are American born
– They had to leave their homes and businesses, most
lose everything
• Most of the camps are located in the desert
– Harsh climate, surrounded by fences and guards
– Crowded conditions, poor health care
WWII
• US government removed more than 100,000
people of Japanese heritage
• Most were US citizens
• Removed from their homes and taken to
camps
WWII
• The government took their homes and their
businesses and never returned them
• In 1988 government formally apologized and
repaid each detainee 20,000 dollars
The Holocaust
• Holocaust = the mass murder of the Jews by
Germany
• Why were the Jews hated?
– Hitler and many German people blamed the Jews for
Germany’s problems
• The Jewish people were blamed for Germany’s
loss in World War I
– Racial superiority of the German master race
• Hitler is obsessed – diverts the war effort to destroy the
Jews
– He is fighting two wars: one in Europe and one
against the Jews
Horrors of the Holocaust Exposed
• First isolate and dehumanize
– Boycott of businesses, some violence, property and
rights taken away
• Laws aimed at excluding Jews from mainstream
German life
– Nuremberg Racial Laws (1935)
• Created a separate legal status for German Jews
• Took away their citizenship and many civil and
property rights
– Night of Broken Glass (Nov. 1938)
• Known as Kristallnacht – refers to anti-Jewish riots
across Germany and Austria
• Jews were attacked and windows and store fronts
shattered
Horrors of the Holocaust Exposed
Entrance to
Auschwitz:
Work Makes You
Free
Crematoria
at
Majdanek
• Thousands of Jewish buildings and businesses
destroyed and about 100 Jews were killed
– Hitler issues the “Night and Fog” decree
• Authorized the arrest of anyone endangering
German security
• Those who were seized were to “vanish without a
trace into the night and fog”
• The Final Solution
– Hitler and his advisors come up with the final
solution to the Jewish question = kill the Jews
– First removed the Jews into ghettos = confined areas
within a city
• Starved, disease spreads, thousands die
Horrors of the Holocaust Exposed
Eli Wiesel
Slave Labor at Buchenwald
• Guards shot Jews trying to escape
– From the ghettos Jews were sent to concentration
camps
• Long, crowded train ride in cattle cars – many die
• Concentration Camps
– At first special Nazi squads went from village to
village carrying out mass executions of Jews
• These mobile killing units were too slow, so Hitler
established the concentration camps as a more
efficient way of getting rid of the Jews
– The Jews arrive, families are separated, and then the
selection process begins
• Separated into strong and weak, slave labor or
“shower”
Horrors of the Holocaust Exposed
Mass Graves at Bergen-Belsen
– Gas chambers killed thousands every day and
furnaces were used to get rid of the dead bodies
– The ones who escaped the gas chambers worked as
slave laborers and endured much hunger
– Some were subjected to cruel medical experiments
• Victims
– 6 million Jewish people perish in the Holocaust
• 2 out of every 3 in Europe – there were 9 million
Jews in Europe when Hitler took power
– Other groups at the concentration camps that the
Nazis viewed as inferior:
• Gypsies, homosexuals, Slavs, Poles, people with
disabilities, Jehovah’s Witnesses, and other
political enemies
• Another 6 million from these groups died
Post War
• Six years of fighting led to millions of lives lost, millions
more injured, horrific property damage, and economies
were on the verge of collapse
• Peace treaty
– The Allies wanted no territorial or financial gains, just
peace
– Germany was divided into four occupation zones
–The Soviet Union received 1/3, the French, British,
and U.S. divided up the rest
–Berlin, which was in Soviet-held territory, was also
divided
–Nuremberg trials – couple hundred Nazi officials
put on trial, some were executed
– Japan was also placed under Allied occupation for
several years
• Had to adopt a new constitution that forbid it to
wage wars
• The United States and the Soviet Union emerge as world
powers and leaders
– Britain won the war, but at great cost
• Economy nearly destroyed, will begin to dismantle
their empire because they can no longer afford to
keep it
– France makes a successful recovery, but will never
again regain its status as a major world power
• Two months after the war in Europe ends, a new conflict
called the Cold War begins, once again dividing Europe
Warm Up (WWII 9-10)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
What 2 cities are the atomic bombs dropped?
What are the names of the 2 bombs?
Give 3 reasons why we drop atomic bombs:
What is V-J day?
What did the US do with Japanese Americans?
Band of Brothers Ep. 9 35-58
• Donald Duck
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IBNXHeCC
dRM&feature=related
• Life in Nazi Germany
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D8bCuNiJNI&feature=related
• Duck and Cover
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IKqXu5jw60
Youtube Band of Brothers
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vhxRS6fPC
bA&feature=related
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yJee1Ur0
9M0&feature=related