Transcript UNITED STATES HISTORY II

UNITED STATES
HISTORY II
WORLD WAR II
Effects of the Great Depression

Expanded Trade:
• Tydings-McDuffie Act
of 1934 –
Independence of the
Phillipines, reduced
the flow of money
outside the U.S.
• Recognizing the
Soviet Union in 1933
– created a trade
partner
• Reciprocal Trade
Agreement of 1934reduced tariff
Effects of the Great Depression

Isolationism
• Withdrew from Asia (Phillipines), Central
& South America (Haiti)
• Refusal to join the London Economic
Conference – to stabilize the
international currencies.
• Proclaimed Neutrality in 1936
Effects of the Great Depression

Desperation led
to:
• Totalitarianism
• Alliances
• Extremism
U.S. Steps to War

Neutrality Proclamation – 1936
• No trade with belligerents

Cash & Carry Policy – 1939
• We will sell to the Allies if they bring
cash and ships to transport

Lend Lease Act – March 1941
• We will loan weapons, munition, etc.
without payment

Pearl Harbor – Dec. 1941


Now, what I am trying to do is to eliminate the dollar sign. That is
something brand new in the thoughts of practically everybody in this
room, I think - get rid of the silly, foolish old dollar sign. Well, let me give
you an illustration: Suppose my neighbor's home catches fire, and I have
a length of garden hose 400 or 500 feet away. If he can take my garden
hose and connect it up with his hydrant, I may help him to put out his fire.
Now, what do I do? I don't say to him before that operation, "Neighbor,
my garden hose cost me $15; you have to pay me $15 for it." What is the
transaction that goes on? I don't want $15 - I want my garden hose back
after the fire is over. All right. If it goes through the fire all right, intact,
without any damage to it, he gives it back to me and thanks me very
much for the use of it. But suppose it gets smashed up - holes in it during the fire; we don't have to have too much formality about it, but I
say to him, "I was glad to lend you that hose; I see I can't use it any
more, it's all smashed up." He says, "How many feet of it were there?" I
tell him, "There were 150 feet of it." He says, "All right, I will replace it."
Now, if I get a nice garden hose back, I am in pretty good shape.
In other words, if you lend certain munitions and get the munitions back
at the end of the war, if they are intact - haven't been hurt - you are all
right; if they have been damaged or have deteriorated or have been lost
completely, it seems to me you come out pretty well if you have them
replaced by the fellow to whom you have lent them.
CHOOSING SIDES
• ALLIES: United States, Great Britain, Soviet Union,
and France
• AXIS POWERS: Germany, Italy, and Japan
LEADERS


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
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ALLIES
U.S. – President
Franklin D. Roosevelt
Great Britain – Prime
Minister Winston
Churchill
Soviet Union –
Communist Joseph
Stalin
France – PM Edouard
Deladier/ Paul
Reynaud




AXIS
Germany – Chancellor
Adolf Hitler (nazi)
Italy – Prime Minister
Benito Mussolini
(fascist)
Japan – General Tojo
– Prime Minister
REASONS FOR GOING TO WAR

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Germany’s invasion of Rhineland, Sudetenland, &
Poland – caused Great Britain & France to declare
war, on September 3, 1939, because it went
against the Munich Conference of 1938 where
GB agreed to let Germany have Czechoslovakia if
they agreed not to invade any other land.
Germany’s invasion of the Soviet Union broke
the Non-Aggression Pact in June, 1941.
Japan’s attack on Pearl Harbor, December 7,
1941 caused the United States to declare war.
RATIONED ITEMS
WWII SLANG
•
jobs
dogface --U.S. Army infantryman
G.I. Jesus --chaplain
jumping Jesus --chaplain in paratrooper unit
pollywog --sailor who hasn't crossed the equator
meter reader --co-pilot
beans --cook
sparks --radio operator
cowboy --tank driver
frogman --scuba diver
ping jockey --one who monitors radar or sonar
bloomer boys --paratroopers
gunny --gunnery sergeant
health & hygiene
blanket drill --sleep
brown bombers --laxatives
stocks and bonds --toilet paper
pecker checker --doctor who checks soldiers for VD
short-arm inspection --checking soldiers for VD
sawbones --army doctor or surgeon
war is hell
blitz --heavy air raid
flak --anti-aircraft fire
milk run --easy air mission
lead poisoning --death or injury from a bullet
equipment & places
flattop --aircraft carrier
Mae West --inflatable life vest
PX --post exchange, army merchandise store
cat stabber, frog sticker, cheese toaster --bayonet
•
jeep --the olive-green vehicles used by the army were known as General Purpose vehicles...or G.P.'s.
This term was shortened into the now familiar jeep
mmmm....yummy!
*Spam, Spam, and more Spam!
INDIANA TAKES PART IN THE WAR
EVANSVILLE, IN
Chrysler's Evansville plant manufactured three billion .45-caliber bullets
during WWII.
INDIANAPOLIS, IN
General Motors' Allison Division produced 71,000 airplane engines here
during WWII.
SOUTH BEND, IN
The Studebaker plant in South Bend made engines for B-17 bombers. In
one month alone, 2,300 of the engines rolled off production lines.
SOUTH BEND, IN
As many Major League Baseball players joined the armed forces, the AllAmerican Girls Professional Baseball League was created in 1943. The
South Bend Blue Sox were one of the league's four original teams. In
1945 another Hoosier team, the Fort Wayne Daisies, joined the league.
HOLOCAUST
ENDING THE WAR
Germany surrendered on May 8, 1945 after
the death of Hitler on April 30, 1945.
Japan surrendered on August 14, 1945 after
the second atomic bomb.