Transcript Document

Germany 1918-1939
NMG 2006
How to use this power point
• There are a number of different questions
including multiple choice. They are followed by
the correct answer
• Each answer is accompanied by an explanation
• The idea is that you try to get the answers
without cheating!
• Download an answer sheet from the website
Question One
a) What does this poster
show?
b) When do you think this
poster was printed
i) 1919 ii) 1924 iii) 1933 ?
c) What is this poster a good
example of?
Answer to question one
• A) It shows a Jew – as a Communist, as
money grabber and as a slave driver
• B) iii) 1934 – once the Nazis were in
power they could attack the Jews at any
time
• C) The poster is an excellent example of
Nazi propaganda. It feeds off resentment
against Jews
Question Two
• A) Who was blamed
for causing the
Reichstag Fire?
• B) How did the
Reichstag Fire help
Hitler achieve power?
March 1933
Question Two
• A) Marius van der Lubbe, a Dutch
communist, was executed for the crime.
The Nazis blamed the Communist party
and they were prevented from fighting the
March Election
• B) The Nazis made good propaganda of
the event. They won 288 seats in the
elections.
Question Three
• A) What is happening
in this picture?
• B) What does it tell us
about the success of
the Nazi policy in
schools?
Question Three
• A) Race studies was a new subject under
the Nazis. The two Jewish students are
being held up to ridicule in the classroom
• B) Nearly all teachers were members of the
Nazi party and so would have enforced the
poor treatment of the Jewish students. But
it does not tell us about the reaction from
the students
Question Four
• Give 2 examples of
the terms of the
Treaty as it affected
Germany
• How important was
the Treaty of
Versailles to the long
term survival of the
Weimar Republic?
The Treaty of Versailles
June 1919
Diktat
Question Four
• Loss of land eg Polish Corridor: Army
reduced to100,000: War Guilt
• Immediate effect was great bitterness
against ‘the November Criminals’ – those
who had agreed the Armistice. Opponents
of the Republic could always use this as a
weapon. Hitler promised that he would
destroy the Treaty of Versailles
Question Five
• A) Why did the
French and Belgians
invade Germany in
1923?
• B) Why didn’t the
Germans stop them?
• C) What was the
result of this?
French and
Belgians
Invade the
Ruhr
(1923)
Question Five
• A) Germany failed to pay its instalment on
the reparations
• B) German army had been reduced to
100,000 – more or less a police force!
• C) Government called for passive
resistance – printed money to pay wages
and this led to hyper inflation
Question Six
• A) July 1934 – what
event is being referred
to in the Cartoon?
• B) How important
was this event in
establishing Hitler as
a Dictator?
Question Six
• A) Event is ‘The Night of the Long
Knives’ – the arrest and execution of 180
members of the SA + other political
opponents (400 in all)
• B) Event removed Rohm as threat to
Hitler, ensured loyalty of the Army to
Hitler, and cemented his position as
unchallenged party leader
Question Seven
• A) Who produced this
poster – the
Communists or the
Nazis?
• B) What does the
poster tell you about
the German
communist party?
Question Seven
• The Nazis produced this poster as part of
their anti-Communist campaign
• It tells you that the Nazis saw the
Communists as a major threat – portraying
them as traitors, saboteurs, killers, and
common criminals.
• Middle and upper class Germans would
only be too willing to believe all this!
Question Eight
• A) What does this
picture show?
• B) What message is
being put over?
• C) How important
were the young
people to Hitler?
Question Eight
• A) It shows members of the Hitler Youth at
a summer camp
• B) Summer camps are fun, the boys are
brave
• C) The young were seen as the future. The
boys were the new soldiers, girls were to
produce babies for the master race
Question Nine
• A) How would you
describe the
conditions under
which Hitler is being
held?
• B) What does this tell
you about the attitude
of the authorities?
• C) Was this a setback
for the Nazis?
Question Nine
• A) Comfortable – can wear own clothes,
not obvious that he is in a prison cell – can
have visitors
• B) Bavarian government was sympatheticHitler received short sentence, served in
comfort
• C) Hitler able to re-think ideas, wrote Mein
Kampf & was able to rebuild party
Question Ten
• A) What is this
cartoon a good
example of?
• B) Why did the Nazis
produce cartoons like
this at this time
(1930?)
Question Ten
• A) This is a good example of Nazi
propaganda
• B) The Nazis are looking for votes. Many
small shops were going out of business
because of the numbers of large
department stores.Hitler promised to stop
the building of these stores and to prevent
price cutting to protect smaller businesses
Question 11
The ruler of Germany after 1918 was :
• A) Friedrich Ebert
• B) Kaiser William II
• C) Adolf Hitler
Question 11
Answer is
• A) Friedrich Ebert
He was the leader of the Social Democrats
the largest political party in the Reichstag
(German parliament)
Question 12
The ‘November Criminals’ were
• A) A group of left wing revolutionaries
who tried to seize power in Berlin
• B) The Allies who had imposed a large war
fine on Germany at Versailles
• C) The Social Democrats who had agreed
to the armistice which ended the war
Question 12
The answer is
C) The Social Democrats who had agreed to
the armistice which ended the war
Furthermore they were accused of betraying
an undefeated German army – the ‘stab in
the back’
Question 13
Who became the next President of the
Republic in 1926 after Ebert’s death
• A) Field Marshal von Ludendorff
• B) Adolf Hitler
• C) Field Marshal von Hindenburg
• D) Gregor Stresemann
Question 13
The Answer is
c) Field Marshal von Hindenburg
This was a vote against the Republic as he
represented the old Germany, the Germany
of the Kaiser. The result showed that many
Germans were unhappy with democracy
Question 14
The currency crisis of 1923/24 was caused
by:
a) Invasion of the Ruhr which caused the
German workers to go on strike
b) Printing of too much money by the
government which backed the strike
c) French destruction of German industry
Question 14
The answers are:
a) The invasion of the Ruhr
French and Belgian troops occupied the Ruhr
to enforce reparation payments
AND
b) Printing of too much money
The government had to pay the workers but
was not getting money in
Question 15
Under the Weimar Constitution the President
was granted special powers by:
a) The Enabling Act
b) The Law for the Protection of the
German People
c) Article 48
Question 15
The answer is
c) Article 48
This allowed the President to ignore the
Reichstag and pass laws by himself.
Between 1930 and 1933 more and more
laws were passed this way, paving the way
for a dictatorship