Transcript Major Military and Political Leaders in World War II

Adolf Hitler
•Born
April 20, 1889
•In Braunau am Inn, Austria
•He was born to Alois and Klara
Hitler
•Hitler came from an abusive
family
•He feared and disliked his father
but was a devoted son to his
mother.
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Not a great student and dropped out of school
when he was 16.
Hitler spent a great deal of his early years in
the city of Linz in Upper Austria.
Linz was his favorite city and he had expressed
his wishes to be buried there.
Aspired to be an artist
Was twice denied into the Vienna Academy of
Fine Arts
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1914 Hitler was screened for Austrian Military
Classified as unfit due to inadequate physical rigour
At the outbreak of WWI, Hitler volunteered for the German
Army
Joined the 16th Bavarian Reserve Infantry Regiment
wounded in October 1916, and was gassed two years later
his bravery in action was rewarded with the Iron Cross,
Second Class, in December 1914, and the Iron Cross, First
Class (a rare decoration for a corporal), in August 1918.
Hitler felt satisfied with war
He found discipline and comradeship satisfying and was
confirmed in his belief in the heroic virtues of war.
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After WWI Hitler joined the National-sozialistische
Deutsche Arbeiterpartei (Nazi).
1921 became leader of the party
1923-Beer Hall Putsch
Hitler spends 9 months in Jail
Writes Mein Kampf which combines elements of
autobiography with an exposition of Hitler's
political ideology.
Jan 30th 1933, he becomes Chancellor of Germany.
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Hitler did not eat meat
Gave up drinking beer
(and all other alcohols)
Married his long-time
mistress Eva Braun on
their death bed
Had a half-sister and
two nieces. One of
which he drove to
suicide
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born Nov. 30, 1874,
Blenheim Palace,
Oxfordshire, Eng.—
died Jan. 24, 1965,
London
as prime minister (1940–
45, 1951–55) rallied the
British people during
World War II and led
his country from the
brink of defeat to
victory
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Officer in the British Army.
Served in British India, the Sudan, and the second
Boer War
Accomplished writer
Received a Nobel Prize for literature
Churchill was also a Historian and artist.
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Churchill was at the forefront of British politics
for fifty years
Held many political and cabinet positions over
the years.
During WWI he served as Minister of
Munitions, Secretary of State for War, and
Secretary of State for Air.
Interwar years held several position with the
British government.
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During the 30’s Churchill was a serious
advocate for rearmament due to what he saw
as dangerous German advances.
In May of 1940, Churchill succeeds Neville
Chamberlain as Prime Minister of Britain.
His steadfast refusal to consider defeat,
surrender or a compromised peace helped
inspire British resistance, especially during the
difficult early days of the War when Britain
stood alone in its active opposition to Hitler
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Benito Amilcare Andrea
Mussolini (1883-1945)
He was born in Dovia,
Italy
His father Alessandro
Mussolini was a
blacksmith and a
socialist, while his
mother Rosa Mussolini,
was a devoutly Catholic
school teacher.
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Owing to his father's political leanings,
Mussolini was named Benito after Mexican
reformist President Benito Juárez, while his
middle names Andrea and Amilcare were from
Italian socialists Andrea Costa and Amilcare
Cipriani
Graduated from a teaching school wherein
after he taught elementary school
Fulfilled his military requirements in 1904 and
returned to teaching for another 4 years
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In 1919, he founded fascist political group in Milan
Credited as one of the founders of fascism
1922 Mussolini became the 40th Prime Minister of
Italy
Mussolini was among the founders of Italian
Fascism, which included ultraconservative
elements of nationalism, corporatism,
expansionism, social progress, and state
propaganda
Once in power Mussolini wished to be referred to
as Il Duce.
Benito soon began his dictatorship by erasing all
political parties except for the Fascist
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1936 invades Ethiopia
1936-1939 Active intervention on the side of
Franco in the Spanish Civil War
Il Duce aligns Italy with the Germans
In 1940 declares war on Britain and France
Invades France
1943, he was overthrown by the Fascist Grand
Council and imprisoned, but later rescued by
the Germans
1945 Il Duce is executed
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December 17, 1874 –
July 22, 1950)
Born in Kitchener
Ontario
His maternal
grandfather was
William Lyon
Mackenzie, first mayor
of Toronto and leader of
the Upper Canada
Rebellion in 1837
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A Liberal with 21 years in office, he was the
longest-serving Prime Minister in British
Commonwealth history
Was the tenth Prime Minister of Canada
beginning in 1921
Served four terms
Highly educated
Earned 5 university degrees
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Mackenzie King entered the war a week after
Britain and France
Exercising Canada’s Autonomy under the Statute
of Westminster
Did not initially enact conscription fearing divide
that occurred during WWI
Canada's major role in supplying food, raw
materials, munitions and money to the hardpressed British economy, training airmen for the
Commonwealth.
After the fall of France enacts Total War measures
To rearm Canada he built the Royal Canadian Air
Force as a viable military power
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After the start of war with Japan in December
1941 the government oversaw the JapaneseCanadian internment on Canada’s west coast
After the War King helped found the United
Nations in 1945
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Joseph Vissarionovich
Stalin
18 December 1878 – 5
March 1953)
Born in the town of
Gori, Georgia.
At 7 contracted
smallpox
By 12 his left arm was
permanently damaged
by horse and carriage
accident
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joined Lenin's Bolsheviks in 1903
Stalin was conscripted by the Russian army to
fight in World War I, but was deemed unfit for
service because of his damaged left arm
A disciple of Vladimir Lenin, he served in
minor party posts and was appointed to the
first Bolshevik Central Committee (1912)
After Lenin's death (1924), Stalin overcame his
rivals and took control of Soviet politics
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In 1928 he inaugurated the Five-Year Plans that
radically altered Soviet economic and social
structures and resulted in the deaths of many
millions
In the 1930s he contrived to eliminate threats to his
power through the purge trials and through
widespread secret executions and persecution
Pre-World War II he signed the German-Soviet
Nonaggression Pact (1939), attacked Finland (
Russo-Finnish War), and annexed parts of eastern
Europe to strengthen his western frontiers
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When Germany invaded Russia (1941), Stalin took
control of military operations. He allied Russia
with Britain and the U.S
In November 1943, Stalin met with Churchill and
Roosevelt in Tehran. The parties later agreed that
Britain and America would launch a cross-channel
invasion of France in May 1944, along with a
separate invasion of southern France. Stalin
insisted that, after the war, the Soviet Union
should incorporate the portions of Poland
Stalin bio